1、Section Grammar简单句的八种基本句型特点：谓语动词是不及物动词，本身能表达完整的意思，后面不需接宾语，但有时后跟状语修饰动词。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、名词、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。The rain stopped.雨停了。The time passed quickly.时间过得很快。The old man walks in the park every morning.那个老人每天早上在公园里散步。特点：动词不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语的身份、特征、类属、状态等的表语。系动词除了be动词之外，
2、还有：表示感官的动词：feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等；表示状态延续的动词：remain, stay, keep, continue等；表示转变、变化的动词：become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow等。My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是个护士。I feel quite hungry. 我感觉很饿。Leaves turn yellow in autumn.秋天树叶变黄了。特点：谓语动词是及物动词，不能表达完整的意思，其后必须要接一个宾语，即动作的承受者。作宾语的可以是：名词、代词、动词
3、不定式、疑问词动词不定式、动词ing形式和从句等。有时宾语后会接副词、介词短语、不定式等作状语。We are learning English.我们正在学习英语。I dont know how to get there.我不知道怎么去那儿。I like to stay at home on Sundays.星期天我喜欢待在家里。特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语，这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者，其中指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for或to。Her mother bought her a skirt.她妈妈给她买了一条裙子。Mr Li told
4、 an interesting story to us.李先生给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。名师点津常跟双宾语的动词：需借助于to的动词：bring， give， lend， hand， offer， pass， promise， return， send， show， teach， tell， write等；需借助于for的动词：buy， call， cook， choose， draw， find， get， make， order， sing， save， spare等。特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾
5、语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等。The news made us very sad.那个消息令我们非常难过。The teacher asked us to answer the question.老师叫我们回答那个问题。I heard my name called.我听到有人在叫我的名字。名师点津用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的结构。即：“主语谓语it宾补真正的宾语”。it作形式宾语，通常和下列动词连用：consider， think， make， find， believe， feel， guess， imagin
6、e， judge， prove， see， suppose， take等。特点：There be . 意思是“有”，表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”。There be . 属倒装结构，后面的名词是句子的主语。There be中的be有时可以是lie, stand, used to be, seem to be, appear to be等。There are two people waiting outside.有两个人正在外面等候。There happened to be nobody around.碰巧周围没有人。学习效果 随堂演练.选出下列句子属于哪种句子结构SVSVOSVPSVI
7、ODOSVOOCSVAdSVOAdThere be .1Time flies.()2He enjoys reading.()3The sun keeps us warm.()4The dinner smells good.()5The red sun rises in the east.()6There are 45 students in our class.()7This is an EnglishChinese dictionary.()8I want to have a cup of tea very much.()9Would you please pass me the dicti
8、onary？()10She cooked her husband a delicious meal.()答案：1.2.3.4.5.6.7.89.10.选词填空take notes， curious about， come true， look forward to， flash card1Draw a picture on the other side of the _ to give you a hint.答案：flash card2He drew out his notebook and began to _.答案：take notes3Please tell your brother t
9、hat I will _ meeting him.答案：look forward to4I have always been a little _ what goes on inside these places. 答案：curious about5The dream of going to a senior high school _ already.答案：has come true.单句写作1我们在昨天的课上分享了玛丽的学习策略。We shared Marys _ in yesterdays class.答案：learning strategies2没有你们组织的帮助，我们做不到。We c
10、ant make it _.答案：without the help of your organisation3孩子们都有非常不同的性格。The children all have very _.答案：different personalities4那个女孩高兴时，不是唱就是跳。 When the girl is happy, she _.答案：either sings or dances5我们都向往那一天：科学工作者能发现更多的宇宙秘密。We all _ the day when the scientists can discover more secrets of the universe.
11、 答案：look forward to课后课时作业完形填空I was nine when I arrived at the Childrens Home in Nashua, New Hampshire. I failed third grade that year, and barely _1_ it through a second time, and had squeaked through (侥幸通过) fourth grade by the time I reached Pauline Jambards fifthgrade class at Charlotte Avenue Ele
12、mentary School.I was _2_ I wasnt as intelligent as the other kids. _3_， Ms Jambard took an instant liking to me. Of all the _4_ in school, reading was my favorite. She would tell me, “Terry, you _5_ reading. If you can understand what youre reading, youll be _6_ than most kids.” After I read all the
13、 books in our program, I started reading the classrooms set of Encyclopedia Britannica (不列颠百科全书). And gradually I started to really _7_ school life.That _8_， our school threw a Christmas party for family and community members. My brother and I had no family to _9_. I still remember looking up and se
14、eing Ms Jambard walk through the front door and _10_ she was there to see me. I was deeply moved. That was the _11_ Christmas of my life!After I graduated from Ms Jambards class, my brother and I _12_， and I lost all touch with my teacher. Years later, I was on a business trip and had to drive throu
15、gh Nashua. I took a chance and _13_ Charlotte Avenue Elementary School. I was walking toward her _14_ when she came out into the hallway and said, “Terry！” It was as if I had _15_ left! I was in seventh heaven on my flight home.We have stayed in _16_， and I call Ms Jambard at least once a year. Beca
16、use of the _17_ she instilled (灌输) in me, I went on to have a _18_ career in engineering. I dont know if Ms Jambard realizes how much she _19_ me, but Ill never forget her _20_ and faith in me.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小学五年级老师给作者关心和鼓励的故事。作者不知道老师是否意识到她对作者的帮助有多大，但是作者将永远不会忘记老师的好意和对自己的鼓励。1A.orderedBarrangedCma
17、deDdemanded答案：C根据上文的“I failed third grade that year”可知，作者第二次才勉强读完三年级。make it意为“成功做到某事”。2A.gladBconvincedCluckyDsatisfied答案：B由第一段中讲述的作者读了两次三年级，侥幸通过四年级的经历可推断，作者确信(convinced)自己没有其他孩子聪明。3A.HoweverBThereforeCOtherwiseDBesides答案：A作者自认为自己不够聪明，然而(However)，老师很快对他产生了好感。therefore “因此”； otherwise “否则”； besides
18、“此外”。4A.ideasBexamplesCfactsDsubjects答案：D由下文的“reading was my favorite”可知，在学校所有科目(subjects)中，作者最喜欢阅读课。5A.stopBforgetCkeepDstart答案：C由下文的“If you can understand what youre reading, youll . than most kids.”可推断，老师鼓励喜欢阅读的作者坚持(keep)阅读。keep doing sth. “坚持做某事”。6A.prettierBsmarterCbraverDstronger答案：B老师鼓励作者如果他能
19、理解所读内容，他就会比绝大多数孩子聪明(smarter)。7A.likeBignoreCfearDchoose答案：A有留级经历的作者在老师的鼓励下大量阅读之后渐渐开始喜欢(like)学校生活。8A.DecemberBNovemberCOctoberDSeptember答案：A由下文的“a Christmas party”可推断，那年12月份(December)学校举办了圣诞派对。9A.botherBthankCvisitDinvite答案：D学校为学生家长和社区成员举办圣诞派对，而作者和他的兄弟却没有家人可以邀请(invite)。10A.hopingBguessingCdoubtingDre
20、alizing答案：D由下文的“I was deeply moved.”可推断，作者意识到(realize)圣诞派对时老师来看自己。11A.longestBquietestChappiestDbusiest答案：C由上文的“I was deeply moved.”可推断，因为感受到了老师的关心，那个圣诞节成了作者人生当中最快乐的(happiest)圣诞节。12A.movedBreunitedCwaitedDwandered答案：A由下文的“I lost all touch with my teacher”可推断，毕业后作者和他的兄弟搬家了(moved)。13A.closed downBdrop
21、ped byClooked downDpassed by答案：B作者出差期间顺便拜访了(drop by)曾经就读的小学。14A.hospitalBofficeChomeDshop答案：B由上文的“Charlotte Avenue Elementary School”可推断，作者当时正朝着老师的办公室(office)走去。15A.sometimesBalwaysCforeverDnever答案：D由上文的“I was walking toward her . when she came out into the hallway and said, Terry！”可推断，在听到多年未见的恩师呼唤自
22、己的名字时，作者感觉自己似乎从未(never)离开过。sometimes “有时”； always “总是”； forever “永远”。16A.dangerBneedCtroubleDtouch答案：D由下文的“and I call Ms Jambard at least once a year”可推断，在那次见面之后，作者和老师一直保持联系(touch)。17A.confidenceBshameCsympathyDpassion答案：A上文讲到老师鼓励学习不好的作者坚持读书，作者因此喜欢上了学校生活。据此可推断，老师给了作者信心(confidence)。18A.briefBsuccessf
23、ulCriskyDrelaxing答案：B因为有了信心，作者在工程领域有了成功的(successful)事业。19A.lovedBhurtChelpedDmissed答案：C作者不知道老师是否意识到她对作者的帮助(helped)有多大。20A.politenessBappearanceCkindnessDability答案：C但是作者将永远不会忘记老师的好意(kindness)和对自己的信心。politeness “有礼貌”； appearance “外貌”； ability “能力”。阅读理解You may not know a lot of people when you start hi
24、gh school. Even if you know some new students, you still feel nervous that you dont know any upperclassmen (高年级学生) and teachers. How are you going to make friends among this sea of unknown faces?Most high schools welcome new students before school actually starts. These are helpful not only because
25、you learn your way around the buildings and get to meet some of your teachers, but also because you get to meet new students. That way, when you show up on your first day of school, you may already recognize a few familiar faces.When you talk to people, youll probably find that a lot of them are fee
26、ling just like you. Theyre all new to the school and dont know what to expect. Talking about a common concern with your classmates can help you develop friendships.The work in high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. The work in high school builds on what you learned in middle s
27、chool, giving you a more advanced knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you have more work to do or that its a bit more challenging (有挑战性的). If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you extra help.High school also has more activities after class than middle school, such as c
28、lubs, music and theater groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.Middle school taught you the basics of academics, time management, and social skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. High school gives you the chance to lea
29、rn how to be more independent and responsible.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了高中新生入学时所面临的一些问题并给出了合理的建议，同时本文还介绍了高中与初中的差异。1When new students come to school on the first day they usually feel _.AproudBnervousCexcitedDhappy答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“you still feel nervous that you dont know any upperclassmen (高年级学生) and teache
30、rs”可知，新生通常会在入学第一天感到紧张。故选B。2What are new students probably worried about?AThe training in time management.BThe difficulty in communication.CThe way they deal with teachers.DThe learning tasks.答案：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The work in high school is something freshmen are probably worried about.”可知，高中的学习任务是新生所担心
31、的事情。故选D。3The passage is written for _.Anew students in high schoolBnew students parentsCmiddle school teachersDupperclassmen in high school答案：A推理判断题。根据文中多次出现的freshmen和第一段第一句“You may not know a lot of people when you start high school.”可知，本文是写给高中新生的。故选A。4The last paragraph is mainly about _.Awhat you
32、ll learn in high schoolBwhat you learned in middle schoolCthe differences between middle school and high schoolDthe importance of being more independent and responsible 答案：C段落大意题。最后一段主要讲的是初中和高中在教学方面存在的差异，它们对培养学生能力的侧重点不同，故选C。语法填空Making the move to high school can be difficult but with the right attit
33、ude it can be an experience _1_ (fill) with enjoyment. The first thing you should do is to make sure you dont miss the open day. Not only _2_ it give you a chance to look around the school and check out some of the teachers _3_ it will also give you a chance to make some friends before you start les
34、sons. If you have an elder sister or brother already at the school or know a neighbors older child _4_ already goes to the school, this can be of great help. They can look out for you and tell you what kind of _5_ (behave) is acceptable to certain teachers and what methods of instruction they use, w
35、hich will help you to avoid early _6_ (understand). However, if you dont know anybody there, dont worry as you wont be the only one. Its a good idea to take part _7_ as many sports or club activities as you can at first until you find something that you really like and those people you get on with.
36、Sports and club activities are great ways _8_ (make) friends, so dont hesitate (犹豫) to join in them. Are you looking forward to _9_ (go) to your new school now? _10_ (hopeful), you will learn a lot and have a brilliant time. 1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚刚进入高中的新生，应该怎样以正确的态度来适应新生活
37、。1filled考查非谓语动词。fill和experience之间是被动关系，因此填过去分词作后置定语。2will考查倒装。Not only置于句首句子需部分倒装，同时根据后面的“it will also give you a chance to make some friends”可知，此处也表示将来，因此填will。3but考查连词。与前面的“not only”构成固定结构，即not only . but (also) . 。4who考查定语从句的引导词。此处引导定语从句，修饰前面的先行词“a neighbors older child”，指人，且在从句中作主语，故填who。5behavi
38、or考查词性转换。根据空格前的of及空格后的is可知，设空处需用名词作主语，故填behavior。6misunderstandings考查词性转换。根据前面的avoid可知，后面缺宾语，表示“误会”，为可数名词，故此处填misunderstandings。7in考查固定短语。take part in “参加”，是一个固定词组。8to make考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作定语，修饰ways，表示“的方法”。9going考查非谓语动词。look forward to中，to为介词，后面跟v.ing作宾语。10Hopefully考查词性转换。修饰整个句子，使用副词作状语。应用文写作假定你是李华。你
39、的英国朋友Jack对全新的高中生活感到无所适从。请你给他写一封电子邮件，提出一些建议。邮件的内容包括：1学习方面；2人际关系方面；3其他方面。注意：1.词数80左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Jack，Im sorry to hear that you are having trouble in dealing with the new high school life. _I hope you will find these ideas useful. All the best!Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear Jack，Im s
40、orry to hear that you are having trouble in dealing with the new high school life. Id like to offer you some suggestions.Firstly, we students must work hard at all the lessons and try our best to get good grades. Only in this way can we attend an ideal university. Secondly, we should get along well with our classmates and teachers, which will further help improve our social skills. Thirdly, we have to learn how to live our own lives. After all, well have to live on our own in the near future.I hope you will find these ideas useful. All the best!Yours，Li Hua
