1、单元素养评价(一)Unit 1(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Do you walk to work every day?M: No, its too far to walk. Luckily the bus goes right by my house. But when the bus is crowded and when
2、 it rains, I often wish I had a car. 1. How does the man get to work every day?A. By car. B. By bus. C. On foot. 答案: BText 2W: Mark is watching a movie on TV. M: Should he be doing that now, with exams coming up next week?2. What does the man think Mark should do now?A. Study for exams. B. Enjoy a m
3、ovie. C. Watch a TV. 答案: AText 3M: This new software is driving me crazy. I really need a break. W: I know what you mean. Ive had nothing but trouble with it. They say its supposed to be easy. M: Thats what Ive heard. But as far as Im concerned, it takes a genius to figure it out. 3. What problem di
4、d they come across?A. They werent able to take a break. B. They had trouble with some software. C. They needed to update some software. 答案: BText 4M: Id go on a boat trip around the world. W: Oh, I wouldnt. Id get so bored. Id rather fly or drive. M: No, Id like to relax on the boat, sunbathe all da
5、y long, and have a waiter bring me a cold drink just when I want one. 4. What are the speakers talking about in general?A. Their best memories of a relaxing holiday. B. Their travelling plans for the summer holiday. C. Their favourite ways of travelling around the world. 答案: CText 5W: Thanks for all
6、 youve done for me. Hey, listen, would you like to go to see a film sometime?M: Yeah, thatd be great. Id love it. 5. What does the woman want to do?A. See a film with the man. B. Offer the man some help. C. Listen to some great music. 答案: A第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给
7、的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: The manager just emailed to say that the meeting would be put off till the next Sunday. Will you have everything ready by then? Anna, whats wrong? Are you hearing me?W: Sorry, I was thinking abou
8、t my brother. I havent heard from him for two weeks. M: How often do you call each other?W: Usually at least once a week, but hes now a volunteer teacher at a mountain village. I can only write to him. M: The mail can be really slow sometimes. Im sure youll hear from him soon. W: I hope so. 6. What
9、is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Neighbours. B. Colleagues. C. A couple. 答案: B7. How can Anna reach her brother now?A. By phone. B. By email. C. By letter. 答案: C听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7M: So, Macy, how was your holiday?W: Oh, we loved it. Tom liked Germany best, but France was my f
10、avourite. M: So did Rachael finally go with you?W: No, she wasnt able to. She was called a way for a business trip to China. M: Thats a pity. So where exactly did you go and visit?W: Well, we travelled all over, Italy, Spain and Holland; we even bathed in the Swiss lake. M: You did, really?8. What a
11、re the speakers talking about?A. A family holiday. B. A business trip. C. A travel plan. 答案: A9. Where did Rachael go?A. Spain. B. Italy. C. China. 答案: C听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8M: Hello, Mrs White. Do you feel better today?W: Oh, much better. Thank you. M: Can I ask you some questions now?W: Certainl
12、y. M: First, do you remember what the driver looks like?W: Yes. He looked quite old and not very tall. Oh, and he had thick lips. M: OK. When the accident happened, where were you going?W: I was walking fast to a bank and pay a bill for my son. M: I see. After the driver knocked you down, he got out
13、 of his car and looked at you, didnt he?W: Yes, he did. I was bleeding, so he looked scared and then hurried back to the car. M: Do you remember his clothes?W: Yes. He wore a blue T-shirt, gray trousers. M: OK. I think I have enough information now. Thank you. W: Youre welcome. 10. Who is the man?A.
14、 A policeman. B. A researcher. C. A witness. 答案: A11. What was the woman doing when the accident happened?A. Driving a car. B. Walking fast to her son. C. Hurrying to pay a bill. 答案: C12. What did the man do first after knocking the woman down?A. He took the woman to the hospital. B. He got out of h
15、is car to have a look. C. He drove his car away at once. 答案: B听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9W: Welcome back everyone. Now Im talking to Nick Parker, the singer with the band Krispy. Hello, Nick, welcome to our show. M: Hello. W: Nick, I have one question. Your sister, Mel, is in the band too, isnt she?M: Y
16、eah. Weve been playing and singing together since we were young. Dad took us to hear the great bands playing live. Mel and I put on shows at school. But Mum didnt want us to get too serious about our music. She thought we should concentrate on our study. However, we were still enthusiastic about our
17、 music. W: Then how was your band formed?M: Two musicians from music schools saw us playing in a concert. They asked if wed like to form a band with them. We agreed to try it out. W: How about the band in the first year?M: To our surprise, the audience enjoyed our performance in the local concert. T
18、hen we recorded two songs and sent them to a music company. They asked us to join them, but our parents said we had to finish college first. W: Have you had any disappointments?M: Everything weve recorded has done well. Three singles have gone to number one, and our first album has sold over a milli
19、on copies. We have got thousands of fans. However, Ive been ill recently so weve started recording our second album late, which is a pity. 13. What did Nick and Mel do when they were young?A. They learned to act at school. B. They went to live concerts with their father. C. They were encouraged to p
20、lay music by their mother. 答案: B14. When was the band Krispy started?A. After Nick and Mel played together. B. After Nick began studying at a music school. C. After two musicians saw Nick and Mel playing. 答案: C15. What do we know about the band in the first year?A. They recorded two albums. B. They
21、joined a music company. C. They were welcome in the concert. 答案: C16. What has disappointed the man?A. Parents forbade them to join a company. B. His illness delayed a new album recording. C. The first album has sold under a million copies. 答案: B听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10W: Welcome everybody to this
22、Cititours bus. I hope youre having a good time here in the West of England. Our tours usually last about one hour. The bus is now turning into Queens Road. From this road we can see a very modern building. This is the towns new sports stadium. All the big matches happen there but at the moment,an in
23、ternational company is using it for a conference. Now look to your left. Were now passing the City Theatre. This building is one hundred years old. Its very pretty, as you see, but it doesnt have enough seats for big shows. Weve got a new entertainment centre in Victoria Park. We dont pass it on the
24、 bus, but you may be interested to know its got a cinema and a concert hall. Most people prefer it because its got air conditioning. Now, on your right, is the High Street. The Cititours bus normally goes along the High Street into the Market Place. But at the moment some musicians are practicing fo
25、r an outdoor concert there. Were driving round a different route because the roads in the Market Place are closed. The market was an important local trade centre until about 1970. Farmers bought and sold their cows and sheep there. However, we dont see animals in the city centre these days. The mark
26、et areas got some good shops. Why dont you have a walk round there later on?17. What is being held in the new sports stadium?A. A match. B. A concert. C. A meeting. 答案: C18. What is the disadvantage of the City Theatre?A. It has limited space. B. Its too old to look good. C. Its air conditioning doe
27、snt work. 答案: A19. Which place is normally out of the route of the Cititours bus?A. Victoria Park. B. The City Theatre. C. The Market Place. 答案: A20. What does the speaker recommend visitors to do in the end?A. See animals in the city centre. B. Go to the High Street. C. Visit some shops. 答案: C第二部分阅
28、读理解(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe other day I walked along with my friends towards the cafeteria and outside I could see a crowd made up mostly of girls. I couldnt make out what was happening. We came closer and were able to see that a lady was cutting
29、 a girls hair. Beside there was a poster which encouraged people to donate about 10 inches of their hair in order to make wigs (假发) for patients who suffered from cancer and had lost all or most of their hair. I was moved by the courage of those girls who were excitedly waiting their turn to get the
30、ir hair cut. My friends sensed this and asked me if I was considering donating my hair. I told them I would like to but I was a little anxious about how I would end up looking. But finally, I made up my mind. I asked one of my friends to braid(编) my hair and the rest of them started cheering me on s
31、o I would not back off. We went outside and I was now in line. It was finally my turn so I walked towards the lady; she sat me down on a chair and didnt even spend 30 seconds cutting my braid. More than half of my hair was put in a bag and I couldnt hide my joy. I just couldnt help but think about a
32、 person who would be happy with her new image. I knew I would never meet her, but I felt pleased with the act of kindness that I made that day. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参与了为癌症患者捐赠头发的活动, 为自己的善举感到高兴。21. What were the girls waiting to do?A. Cut a girls hair. B. Drink special coffee. C. Buy wigs for some p
33、atients. D. Donate their hair to cancer patients. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段Beside there was a poster which encouraged people to donate about 10 inches of their hair in order to make wigs for patients who suffered from cancer and had lost all or most of their hair. (旁边有一张海报, 鼓励人们捐出大约10英寸的头发, 为癌症患者制作假发, 这些患者
34、的头发已经全部或大部分脱落)可知, 女孩们是在等着为癌症患者捐赠头发。22. What made the author anxious at first?A. The long lineB. Her friends opinions. C. Her look with short hair. D. The courage of those girls. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段My friends sensed this and asked me if I was considering donating my hair. I told them I would like to b
35、ut I was a little anxious about how I would end up looking. (我的朋友们意识到了这一点, 问我是否考虑捐头发。我告诉他们我愿意, 但我有点担心自己最终的样子。)可知, 作者一开始焦虑是因为她担心她留着短发的样子。23. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The authors kindness also made her day. B. People are usually happy with new images. C. People should try hard to h
36、elp cancer patients. D. The author looked forward to meeting that patient. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段I knew I would never meet her, but I felt pleased with the act of kindness that I made that day. (我知道我永远也见不到她, 但我为那天所做的善举感到高兴。)可知, 作者的善良也让她自己感觉到开心。BI was drowned(淹没) in work. I was convinced that it was bec
37、ause my job was demanding, but as I changed my job and eventually became self-employed and I could call my own shots, I was still drowned in work and things were still out of control. Now I come to realize that I have a tendency to drown myself in work and the problem is not the job Im in. One of th
38、e reasons why work-life balance is hard is that we attribute (把归咎于) the problem to our environment when we ourselves are the problem actually. I enjoy making my clients happy. “Dushka, your work is unbelievable. ” “Dushka, we would not have survived without you. ” This is my instinctive (本能的) desire
39、. I, a good girl, should make someone I love proud. What can get in the way of work-life balance is that approval often matters more than the balance I claim I want. I am ambitious and want to do great things and as soon as a project is done Im hungry for the next one. I want hard work. I want to pu
40、sh myself and test myself. I want to learn. Sometimes work-life balance is hard because there is a difference between what I say I want and what I really want. My life is constantly changing. If a friend visits me from out of town I want to work less, if I happen to be particularly inspired I want t
41、o work more, and if a family member needs me I dont want to have to worry about work at all. Work-life balance is hard because my definition of it is a moving target. It means different things to me depending on different situations. What is work-life balance, anyway? Does it mean I get to go home e
42、very day when the clock strikes 5: 00 pm? Does it mean that I work hard for a few weeks and then take a long weekend off? Do I want daily balance, or do I want things to balance out over the course of a few weeks, even months?On one side, work-life balance doesnt mean that the only way to do somethi
43、ng well is to do it yourself. Your ego (自我) gets in the way of your being free. On the other side, work-life balance can be hard if you are worried that someone else can do your job better than yourself. Then you live in a constant state of suspicion (怀疑) and never allow yourself to step away. Your
44、fear is calling the shots, not your ambitions. Work-life balance can be hard if you are more worried about looking good than doing good work. If you want to make sure everyone sees you are the first one to come and the last one to leave, what others think of you has more weight than your desire of g
45、etting home in time for dinner. My boss assures me that employees come first and that people are the most important, yet I dont see him telling me its time to go home because I worked really late the night before. Wait a minute. Why should my work-life balance be the companys problem, in particular
46、when Ive already identified that my needs are ever-changing? How can I expect someone else to stay on top of that? The only person responsible for that is me. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了工作与生活的平衡关系, 作者以前认为工作与生活不平衡的原因是工作等外因造成的, 而最后意识到真正的原因在于自己。24. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Demand le
47、ss from myself. B. Pay more attention to work. C. Complete more excellent jobs. D. Control a situation by myself. 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据第一段中“I was convinced that it was because my job was demanding, but as I changed my job and eventually became self-employed. . . ” (我坚信那是因为我的工作对我的需要很多, 但是当我换工作并最终成为自雇人士时)并结
48、合句中的转折连词but可知前后句之间存在转折关系, 前句表示我在为别人打工的时候工作对我的需要很多, 因此后文意在表明换工作自己做老板后, 可以自己掌控局面。25. The author enjoys making her clients happy because _. A. she is afraid to lose her jobB. she always desires to be approvedC. she wants to gain work-life balanceD. she could make a profit in that way【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中
49、“What can get in the way of work-life balance is that approval often matters more than the balance I claim I want. ” (在平衡工作与生活中遇到的关键问题是, 得到认可通常比我想要的平衡更为重要。)可知, 作者喜欢让客户满意, 因为她一直渴望被认可。26. What can we learn about the author?A. Her ego gets in the way of her success. B. She is always satisfied with the
50、current situation. C. The achievement of work-life balance is easy for her. D. She doesnt have an exact definition of work-life balance. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段中“Work-life balance is hard because my definition of it is a moving target. ”(工作与生活之间的平衡很困难, 因为我对它的定义是一个动态的目标。)可知作者对于工作与生活平衡没有准确的定义。27. What does
51、 the example of the authors boss tend to indicate?A. Work-life balance relies on our own selves. B. Its no use working hard for our boss. C. Profits are more important than employees. D. Some leaders dont mean what they say. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段及最后一段中“How can I expect someone else to stay on top of
52、that? The only person responsible for that is me. ”(我怎么能指望别人为我的工作与生活平衡负责? 唯一对此负责的人是我。)可知, 作者想用老板的例子表明工作与生活之间的平衡取决于我们自己。CMeeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号). Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is
53、trying to develop a relationship. Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time
54、in “small talk”, usually over a cup of tea, before they do any job. In many European countrieslike the UK or Francepeople find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafs rather than at the office. Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a
55、 speech in Thailand. I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion;instead, there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, w
56、e express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary. Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values;however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quick
57、ly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because the culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly. People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multic
58、ultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other. 【文章大意】本文为说明文。作者主要介绍在不同的文化背景下, 人们具有不同的价值观, 如何才能做到更好地理解彼此。28. In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to_. A. develop closer relationsB. share the same cultureC. get to k
59、now each otherD. keep each other company【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafs rather than at the office可知在餐馆通过吃饭可以发展“亲密”关系。故答案为A。29. The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that_. A. the English prefer to make
60、 long speechesB. too many words are of no useC. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by natureD. even talk and silence can be culturally different【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段前两句Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. 可知作者提到在泰国的例子就是说明“谈话”“沉默”体现不同文化。30. Accor
61、ding to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?A. By sharing different ways of life. B. By accepting different habits. C. By recognizing different values. D. By speaking each others languages. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知对不同价值观的理解有助于不同文化背景的人的彼此理解。故答案为C。31. What woul
62、d be the best title for the text?A. Multicultural EnvironmentB. Cross-cultural DifferencesC. How to Understand Each OtherD. How to Build Up a Relationship【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍跨文化交际的问题, 在不同文化背景下人们怎么才能更好地互相理解。故答案为B。DJohn, a very thin boy, loved football with all his heart when he was very young. Practic
63、e after practice, he eagerly gave everything he had. But being half the size of the other boys, he could only sit on the bench and hardly ever played in games. Even though the son was always on the bench, his father was always standing with cheers and encouraging him. When John went to college, he d
64、ecided to try out for the football team as a “walk-on”. Everyone was sure he could never make the cut, but he did. The coach thought he could provide the other members with the spirit they needed. The news that he had survived the cut excited him so much that he rushed to the nearest phone and calle
65、d his father. His father shared his excitement and was sent season tickets for all the college games. It was the end of this last football season. One day John received a telegram and asked one week off. Nobody knew what happened except the coach. The coach said, “Dont plan to come back to the game
66、on Saturday. ”Saturday arrived, and the game was not going well: When the team was ten points behind, John came back. “Coach, please let me play. Ive just got to play today, ”said John. The coach pretended not to hear him. But John persisted, and finally feeling sorry for the kid, the coach gave in.
67、 Before long everyone could not believe their eyes. John was doing everything to fight. The opposing team could not stop him. He ran, he passed and blocked like a star. And at last his team won the game. After the game, John looked at the coach, with tears in his eyes, and said, “Well, you knew my d
68、ad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?”John swallowed hard and forced a smile, “Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play, and I wanted to show him that I could do it. ”【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了约翰尽管受到身体条件的限制, 但仍然热爱着足球, 虽然只是一名板凳球员, 但父亲时刻在鼓励着他。32. Why did John har
69、dly have any chance to play in games? A. Because he had no time to practice. B. Because he was too young to play games. C. Because everyone looked down upon him. D. Because his body condition was not good. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段“But being half the size of the other boys, he could only sit on the bench an
70、d hardly ever played in games. ”可知, 由于他的体型几乎是其他男孩的一半大小, 只能成为板凳球员, 很少参加比赛, 所以约翰几乎没有机会参加比赛的原因是他的身体条件不好, 故选D。33. The underlined phrase “make the cut” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_”. A. make progressB. be allowed to join the teamC. cut himselfD. be refused by the coach【解析】选B。词义猜测题。由第二段“W
71、hen John went to college, he decided to try out for the football team as a walk-on”. 可知, 当约翰上大学时, 他决定参加足球队的选拔赛, 成为一名临时球员。所以判断出第二段中带下划线的短语“make the cut”可替换为“be allowed to join the team”被允许加入球队。故B选项正确。34. From the text we can know that _. A. John felt very depressed as a “walk-on”B. Johns father alway
72、s taught him how to playC. Johns father went to most of his college gamesD. the coach was sure John would be the best player one day【解析】选C。推理判断题。由最后一段“Well, you knew my dad died, but did you know that my dad was blind?”和“Dad came to all my games, but today was the first time he could see me play”可推断
73、出, 约翰的爸爸参加观看了他大部分的大学足球比赛, 故选C。35. This story tells us that _. A. a burden of ones choice is not feltB. better to do well than to say wellC. all roads lead to RomeD. where there is a will, there is a way【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 短文叙述了约翰尽管受到身体条件的限制, 但仍然热爱着足球, 虽然只是一名板凳球员, 但父亲时刻在鼓励着他。上大学之后, 约翰积极努力争取成为了一名临时球员
74、, 这让每个人都很吃惊, 足球赛季末, 他收到了家里的电报, 父亲去世了。但是比赛当天约翰返回了球场, 请求教练能给予他上场的机会, 教练最终同意了。他帮助球队力挽狂澜, 最终球队获得了胜利, 同时向死去的父亲证明自己能行。所以这个故事告诉我们“有志者, 事竟成”的道理, 同时也是短文的主旨大意。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。COVID-19 is still affecting a great many people all over the world. Most peo
75、ple who become infected experience mild illness and recover, but it can be more severe for others. Take care of your health and protect others by doing the following: 36 Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water. Washing your hands with
76、 soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands. Maintain social distancing. 37 When someone coughs or sneezes, they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including
77、the 2019-nCoV if the person coughing has the disease. Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth. 38 Once contaminated(弄脏) , hands can transfer the virus to your eyes, nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and can make you sick. Practice respiratory hygiene(呼吸道卫生). Make sure you, and the
78、 people around you, follow good respiratory hygiene. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze. 39 Droplets spread virus. By following good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses such as cold, flu and COVID-19. If you
79、have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention and call in advance. Your national and local authorities will have the most up to date information on the situation in your area. Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly direct you to the right health fac
80、ility. 40A. Wash your hands frequently. B. Stay at home if you begin to feel unwell. C. Then dispose of the used tissue immediately. D. Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing. E. Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses. F. Maintain at least 1 metre distance from anyone who is coughing
81、 or sneezing. G. This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了预防新冠肺炎的个人防护措施。36. 【解析】选A。根据本段内容, 特别是根据“clean your hands”及“Washing your hands”等关键词可知, 本段主要讲的是要勤洗手, 故A项(勤洗手)符合语境。37. 【解析】选F。根据本段主题句“Maintain social distancing”及空后的“When someone cough
82、s or sneezes, they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. ”可知, 此处是说要与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一定的距离, 故F项(与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持至少一米的距离)符合语境。38. 【解析】选E。空后说一旦弄脏了, 手可以把病毒转移到你的眼睛, 鼻子或嘴巴, 因此此处是说手很容易携带病毒, 故E项(手接触很多表面, 可能会携带病毒)符合语境。39. 【解析】选C。空前说咳嗽或打喷嚏时, 用弯曲的手肘或纸巾捂住口鼻, 此处承接上文, 讲的是下一步该怎么做, 故C项(
83、然后立即处理用过的纸巾)符合语境。40. 【解析】选G。空前说提前打电话会让给你提供医疗服务的人迅速指引你到正确的医疗机构, 此处接着讲这样做的其他好处, 故G项(这也将保护你, 并有助于防止病毒和其他感染的传播)符合语境。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A friend of mine met with an accident driving in darkness. His legs were so hurt that he couldnt move. W
84、hat was the 41 was that he found himself unable to ask for help his mobile phone went out of 42 as a result of exhausted battery. Nothing could be done but to 43 in cold wilderness. It was eight hours later that day broke, and then the arrival of the rescue (营救). It is almost 44 that he could stand
85、the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his 45, “First of all I checked up my physical conditions and found myself not in mortal danger. As there was no 46 to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the wound from bleeding. In this way I dozed off. ”Hi
86、s story put an end to my regret for the 47 of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men 48 to explore a mountain cave and got lost. 49 to find a way out in the dark cave they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of 50. Finally they all fell dead in fear and
87、exhaustion. According to the rescue workers who found them, the place 51 they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the opening of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to 52 themselves, they would probably sense a faint light glimmering not far away. Dont you
88、 think that you can compare it with 53 itself? When you meet with obstacles in life and work, you are lost in darkness. Mind you that its unclear yet and you neednt put up a struggle 54. It seems to be a negative (消极的) attitude, 55 a person who can afford to do so must have foresight as well as a gr
89、eat courage in the first place. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者通过两个事例的对比, 说明无论是在生活中还是在工作中, 当人们处于困境或危急状况时, 不轻举妄动、保持镇静是智慧和勇气的表现。41. A. bestB. moreC. worstD. hopeless【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 最糟糕的是, 他发现自己无法求助他的手机因电池耗尽而不能使用了。best最好的;more更多的;worst最差的;hopeless绝望的。根据句中的unable to ask for help可知此处表示最糟糕的情况。42. A. wayB. work
90、C. serviceD. control【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 最糟糕的是, 他发现自己无法求助他的手机因电池耗尽而不能使用了。way方法;work工作;service服务;control控制。根据as a result of exhausted battery可知此处表示手机不能使用了, 短语out of work不能使用, 有毛病。43. A. lieB. cryC. waitD. sleep【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 除了在寒冷的荒野中等待, 别无他法。lie撒谎;cry哭泣;wait等待;sleep睡觉。根据Nothing could be done可知在这
91、种情况下只能等待了。44. A. untrueB. uselessC. possibleD. unimaginable【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 很难想象他能在黑暗中忍受这么长时间的恐怖。untrue不真实的;useless无用的;possible可能的;unimaginable难以想象的, 不可思议的。根据 he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long可知此处表示这种情况是很难想象的。45. A. explanationB. decisionC. excuseD. plan【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 更令
92、人惊讶的是他的解释: “首先, 我检查了我的身体状况, 发现自己没有致命的危险。”explanation解释;decision决定;excuse借口;plan计划。根据后文“First of all. . . I dozed off. ”可知此处是他的解释。46. A. wayB. toolC. methodD. strength【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 由于没有办法呼救, 我只好靠在椅背上, 尽量不让伤口流血。way道路, 方法;tool工具;method方法;strength力量。根据上文that he found himself unable to ask for help
93、可知他手机没电了没有办法求救。短语no way to do sth. “没有办法做某事”。47. A. lossB. failureC. sadnessD. disappointment【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的故事结束了我对去年探险失败的遗憾。loss损失;failure失败;sadness悲伤;disappointment失望。根据下文 Finally they all fell dead in fear and exhaustion. 可知此处表示探险失败。48. A. hadB. triedC. plannedD. managed【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
94、 一群年轻人试图探索一个山洞, 结果迷路了。had有;tried尝试;planned计划;managed管理, 负责。根据下文 got lost可知此处表示试图去探索山洞, 固定短语try to do sth. “试图做某事”。49. A. DeterminedB. DecidingC. WillingD. Unable【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 他们在黑暗的洞穴里找不到出路, 感到害怕, 焦急地乱跑, 没有方向感。Determined坚决的;Deciding决定性的;Willing乐意的;Unable不能的。根据句中的they were frightened可知他们没能找到出路
95、。50. A. sightB. hearingC. feelingD. direction【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他们在黑暗的洞穴里找不到出路, 感到害怕, 焦急地乱跑, 没有方向感。sight视力;hearing听力;feeling感觉;direction方向。根据and ran anxiously可知此处表示没有方向感, 短语a sense of direction方向感。51. A. whereB. whatC. whoD. how【解析】选A。考查关系词辨析。句意: 据发现他们的救援人员称, 他们迷路的地方离洞口只有10米远。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place, 且先行
96、词在从句中作地点状语, 故应用where。52. A. helpB. stopC. calmD. save【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 如果他们在迷路时待在原地, 试图使自己平静下来, 他们可能会感觉到不远处有微弱的灯光在闪烁。help帮助;stop停止;calm使平静;save拯救。根据句意可知只有他们平静下来才能感到不远处有微弱的灯光在闪烁。53. A. lifeB. workC. mankindD. adventure【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 难道你不认为你可以把它和生活本身相比较吗?life生活;work工作;mankind人类;adventure冒险。根据下文
97、的When you meet with obstacles in life and work可知此处表示生活。54. A. reallyB. carefullyC. hopefullyD. immediately【解析】选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 请注意, 事情还不清楚, 你不必马上进行过度反应。really实际上;carefully仔细地;hopefully有希望地;immediately立即。根据Mind you可推测此处表示不必进行过度反应。55. A. soB. butC. andD. while【解析】选B。考查连词辨析。句意: 这似乎是一种消极的态度;但是, 一个有能力这样做的
98、人首先必须有远见和巨大的勇气。结合上下文语境可知为转折关系, 应用but。第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season. Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon 56. _(find) a deeper appreciation for this season. The change of leaf colors is a common reason gi
99、ven 57. the love of fall. Each tree reacts 58. (different) to the change of the season. Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other 59. _(tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter. This effect 60. _(call) the flight-or-
100、fight response. Fall is a time of 61. _(reflect) and preparation for the year ahead. I have found a meaning of fall for me. Im 62. 18-year-old boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress. There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps 6
101、3. _(move). The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesnt stop growing so I have to learn to keep up. The meaning of fall is different for each person. I encourage you 64. _ (go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover 65. _ fall means to you. 【文章大意】作者喜欢秋天这个季节, 不仅因为树叶颜色的变化, 而且秋天也是对未来一年的
102、反思和准备的时刻。56. 【解析】found。考查动词时态。 句意: 我去了户外, 很快就发现了对这个季节的更深刻的欣赏。分析句子成分可知, 该句主语为I, 谓语为and连接的两个并列谓语, and前为went, 时态为一般过去时, and后也应是一般过去时, 故填found。57. 【解析】for。考查介词。句意: 树叶颜色的变化是喜爱秋天的一个普遍原因。the reason for. . . 意为“的原因”。58. 【解析】differently。考查副词。 句意: 每棵树对季节的改变反应不同。分析句子成分可知此处应填副词, 修饰动词reacts。故填differently。59. 【解析
103、】trees。考查名词复数。句意: 其他树木保持绿色, 尽可能长时间地从太阳中获得额外的能量以度过冬天。tree为可数名词, other后接名词复数, 此处tree应用复数形式trees。60. 【解析】is called。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 这种效应被称为“逃跑或战斗”反应。由题干可知, 动词call和主语This effect是被动关系, 时态是一般现在时。主语为单数, be动词用is, 故填is called。61. 【解析】reflection。考查名词。 句意: 秋天是反思和对未来的一年做准备的时刻。of介词, 后接名词, reflect动词, 其名词形式为reflectio
104、n“考虑, 反思”, 不可数名词。62. 【解析】an。考查冠词。 句意: 在高中最后一年我是一个18岁的男孩并且我的生活是一项正在进行中的工作。表泛指一位18岁的男孩, 18-year-old以元音音素开头, 其前用不定冠词an。63. 【解析】moving。考查非谓语动词。 句意: 有时, 我想要放弃;但是我环顾四周, 意识到生活在继续。keep doing sth. 意为“一直做某事, 继续做某事”。64. 【解析】to go。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我鼓励你选条小道或沿着人行道出去走走。考查固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事。65. 【解析】wha
105、t。考查宾语从句。 句意: 我鼓励你选条小路或沿着人行道出去走走, 去发现秋天对你来说意味着什么。分析句子成分可知, 设空处用来引导宾语从句, 且要在宾语从句中充当宾语, 用what。【方法技巧】在对题目进行作答之前, 要先对题干进行详细阅读, 检查题目中是否有提示词语存在, 而后判断出所填词语在句子中所充当的句子成分, 例如第65题考查what引导的宾语从句。宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语, 位于及物动词、 介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。而what引导宾语从句时可在从句中作宾语、表语、主语, 分析此句子成分可知从句中缺少宾语, 故填what。第四部分写作(共两节,
106、 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华, 你校要举行以“我最喜欢的中国文化”为主题的汉语演讲比赛。请给交换生Terry写信, 邀请他参加。内容包括: 1. 比赛时间和地点;2. 提出建议并表达祝愿。注意: 1. 词数80个左右;2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。Dear Terry, How is it going?_Yours, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Terry, How is it going?A Chinese speech contest entitled “My favorite Chinese culture” is
107、to be held in our school on the last Friday evening of January. All the exchange students are expected to take part in it. You are always interested in the colorful Chinese culture, and youve been a good Chinese speaker, so I hope you will make good preparations for it, according to what you have ob
108、served and experienced in your daily life, and show us your best performance. Good luck!Yours, Li Hua【方法技巧】本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求考生写一封信, 邀请交换生Terry参加汉语演讲比赛。【详解】第一步: 审题体裁: 应用文时态: 根据提示, 时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构: 总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说, 把支持句作为分说, 并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求: 1. 说明比赛的时间地点2. 演讲比赛的建议和祝愿(1)痴迷中国文化(Chinese culture)(2)汉语讲得很
109、好(a good Chinese speaker)(3)做好准备, 期待会有良好的表现(best performance)第二步: 列提纲 (重点词组)Chinese speech contest;exchange students;take part in;be interested in;a good Chinese speaker;make good preparations for;according to;performance第三步: 连词成句A Chinese speech contest entitled “My favorite Chinese culture” is to
110、be held in our school. All the exchange students are expected to take part in it. You are always interested in the colorful Chinese culture. Youve been a good Chinese speaker. I hope you will make good preparations for it, according to what you have observed and experienced in your daily life, and s
111、how us your best performance. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步: 连句成篇(衔接词)连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰。第五步: 润色修改范文内容完整, 要点全面, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当, 上下文意思连贯, 符合逻辑关系。文章中可以使用and, so等连词进行自然过渡, 并且主句从句联合使用, 例如according to what you have observed and experienced in your daily life放在句子中显得有层次感。文章思路清晰、层
112、次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was Christmas Eve, and almost all the people were getting together with their family, having the big dinner or enjoying the charming lights of the Christmas tree. But Tomas was still on the way, and it was still a long way to
113、the destination. He felt tired, lonely and cold, especially when a wind was blowing in his cab. Tomas pulled in the truck and reached for his jacket but stopped when he saw the box on the passenger seat next to him. His mother was the greatest mother in the world who worried about him spending Chris
114、tmas on the road alone and had given him a box filled with presents before he left home. Though he has been a driver now, his mum still treats him like a kid. He reached into the red stocking that was in the box and brought out a toy tractor that looked a lot like his truck. He wondered how many sto
115、res his mother had to go before she found such a close match. Tears filled his eyes. He climbed out of his truck and ran into the all-night caf, which was a truck stop that many truck drivers liked to have a rest in. But today, besides those truckers who were eating and talking loudly as usual, ther
116、e were a family of three sitting in a corner, wearing shabby (破旧的) clothes and looking sleepy. The mother hugged the boy who looked unhappy in her arms and the father only muttered something to them or to himself. Seeing this, Tomas missed his family more. His mum raised four kids by herself, but no
117、 matter how hard the life was, she always made sure they had a good Christmas. 注意: 续写词数应为150左右。Tomas felt sorry for the boy. _He walked to the family. _【参考范文】Tomas felt sorry for the boy. No kid should spend Christmas Eve in a truck stop. Then he thought of his box filled with presents chosen by his
118、 mother. He looked at the kid again and knew what to do. He put on his jacket, went outside and climbed into his truck. In no time did he come back with that stocking. He walked to the family. “I think Santa Claus left this for you, ” Tomas said and handed it to the boy. “Tell Santa thanks, and best
119、 wishes to you, ” the boys father said and shook Tomas hand long and hard. The boys face lit up almost at once and he eagerly dug inside the stocking, full of curiosity and happiness. Tomas felt a little excited and made sure it was the greatest Christmas that he had had. What made him more amazing
120、was that he didnt feel tired or lonely any more. 【方法技巧】通过阅读所给文章可知, 文章讲述了圣诞夜Tomas还在外开车, 母亲担心他一个人在路上过圣诞节, 在他离家前给了他一个装满礼物的盒子。Tomas为盒子里的礼物而感动, 他走进通宵营业的咖啡馆休息, 看到一家三口坐在一个角落里, 一位母亲抱着一个孩子。续写部分分为两段, 第一段开头是: Tomas为这个男孩感到难过。所以后文应该是讲述Tomas看到男孩后的内心感受, 他想到了他的盒子, 里面装满了他母亲挑选的礼物。他又看了看那孩子, 知道该怎么办了。他穿上夹克, 走到外面, 爬上卡车。他很快就拿着那只长筒袜回来了。第二段开头是: 他走向这家人。本段应该写Tomas将礼物盒子送给了男孩, 感到这是他度过的最美妙的圣诞节。更让他吃惊的是, 他不再感到疲倦和孤独了。本文描写详略得当, 使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如: think of, put on, in no time, at once等高级词汇;He looked at the kid again and knew what to do. 宾语从句;What made him more amazing was that he didnt feel tired or lonely any more. 主语从句等高级句式。
