1、返回目录 Astronomy:the science of the stars Unit 4 返回目录 Section Grammar主语从句返回目录 课堂要点精析课末随堂演练目录Contents 返回目录 课堂要点精析类别例 词说 明从属连词that,whether/if三者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether/if表示“是否”连接代词who,what,which，whoever,whatever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分连接副词when,where，how,why等在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分1定义：在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫主
2、语从句。2引导主语从句的连接词返回目录 That smoking is harmful to our health is a fact.吸烟有害健康是事实。Whether we can live on the earth depends on whether the problem is solved.我们能否在地球上生存取决于这个问题能否得以解决。Who invented this machine remains a puzzle.谁发明了这种机器仍然是个谜。返回目录 Where we will go hasnt been decided.我们要去哪儿还没定下来。How these ston
3、es were conveyed there is a mystery.这些石头是怎样运到那里的还是个谜。When the broadcast station will be ready is unknown.广播站将于何时竣工还未可知。返回目录 3主语从句与it作形式主语为保持句子平衡，常把主语从句后置，而用形式主语it代替。it作形式主语时常用于以下句型：句 型说 明It系动词形容词主语从句常 用 于 此 句 型 的 形 容 词 有 important,(un)likely,wrong,possible,necessary,natural等It系动词名词主语从句常 用 于 此 句 型 的
4、名 词 有 fact,idea,honour,question,pity等返回目录 句 型说 明It系动词过去分词主语从句常 用 于 此 句 型 的 过 去 分 词 有 known,proved,thought,decided,suggested,said等It不及物动词主语从句常用于此句型的动词有appear,happen,seem,occur,matter等It及物动词宾语主语从句常用于此句型的动词有shock,interest,take,surprise等返回目录 It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chem
5、istry.这是真的，他在化学领域有重大发现。It is a pity that you cant attend my birthday party.很可惜你不能参加我的生日聚会。It isnt yet decided when and where the test will be given.何时何地举行这次考试还没有定下来。返回目录 It occurred to me that he might be lying.我忽然想到他可能是在说谎。It surprised him that they came to visit him suddenly.让他吃惊的是他们突然来看他。返回目录 4wh
6、at 与 that 在引导主语从句时的区别what 引导主语从句时在从句中充当成分，如主语、宾语、表语等；that 则不作任何成分，只起连接作用。What has made him mad is not known yet.是什么使他发了疯现在还不知道。(what 在从句中作主语)What you said yesterday is right.你昨天所说的是对的。(what 在从句中作 said 的宾语)That she is still alive is a consolation.她仍然活着是一件让人感到安慰的事。(that 不作任何成分)返回目录 5学习主语从句需注意的几点(1)从句的
7、语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语序。Whoever of you gets here first will get the prize.你们谁第一个到达这里谁就能得到这个奖品。(2)主谓一致从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式；但 what 和who 引导主语从句时，有时主句谓语的数应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。返回目录 When we shall have our sports meeting has not been decided.我们什么时候开运动会还没有确定。What was most important to her,she told me,was her family.
8、她告诉我，对她最重要的是她的家人。What they need are books.他们需要的是书。返回目录 由 and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.他们什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.会议将在何时何地举行还没定下来。返回目录(3)whether
9、 引导的主语从句，如果用了形式主语 it，引导词whether 可以换成 if。如果 whether 从句在句首或后面跟有 or not时，不能用 if 替换。Whether genetically-modified food does us harm remains to be seen.(whether 不可用 if 替换)It remains to be seen whether/if genetically-modified food does us harm.(whether 可用 if 替换)转基因食物对我们是否有害有待观察。返回目录 单句语法填空1(2017北京卷)Every y
10、ear,_ makesthe most beautiful kite will win a prize in the KiteFestival.解析 句意：每年风筝节，风筝做得最漂亮的人将赢得一份奖品。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处引导 主 语 从 句，且 在 从 句 中 作 主 语，指 人，故 用。课末随堂演练whoever 返回目录 2(2016北京卷)Your support is important to ourwork._ you can do helps.解析 句意：你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事都会有所帮助。分析句子成分和句意可知，空处需要连接代词引导主语从句并在从
11、句中作do的宾语，表示“无论什么事”，故用Whatever。Whatever 返回目录 3(2016江苏卷)It is often the case _anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.解析 句意：通常，对于那些怀揣希望的人来说一切都有可能。名词性从句中句意完整，不缺少成分，故用that来引导主语从句。that 返回目录 4(2015北京卷)_ we understand thingshas a lot to do with what we feel.解析 句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子结构可知，we
12、understand things在句中作主语，是主语从句，根据句意可知，此处应用连接副词How。5(2015江苏卷)_ Li Bai,a great Chinesepoet,was born is known to the public,but some wontaccept it.How Where 返回目录 句型转换(将下列简单句合并为一个含有主语从句的复合句)1 Where is the missing plane?It remains amystery._2You missed the amazing film.It is a pity._3Shall we go camping t
13、his Sunday?It depends onthe weather.Where the missing plane is remains a mystery.It is a pity that you missed the amazing film.Whether we will go camping this Sunday depends on the weather.返回目录 4Her son was always playing computer games.That made the mother worried._5When will we have the meeting?It
14、 has not beendecided._It made the mother worried that her son was always playingcomputer games.When we will have the meeting has not been decided.返回目录 语法与写作1(2017北京卷书面表达)很明显结果表明视频很完美。_ that the video turned out to beperfect.2(2016天津卷书面表达)让我们印象最深的是你的艺术技巧，它们展现了你杰出的天赋。your art skills,inIt is obvious Wh
15、at impresses us most are 返回目录 3最让我们吃惊的是，水可以继续保持在那个温度大约20小时。_ that the water canremain at that temperature for about twenty hours.4我们最需要的是大众科普读物。_ popular science books.What surprises us most is What we need most are 返回目录 5(2015湖北卷书面表达)在一次英语课上，我突然注意到老师在他的教学中犯了一个小错误。During one of my English classes,it suddenly cameto my notice _ inhis teaching.that the teacher made a minor mistake
