1、Do you know anything about historic sites in the following pictures?The Colosseum,Rome,Italy,built in the first century.The Colosseum 罗马圆形大剧场（斗兽场）建于公元72至82年间由4万名战俘用8年时间建造起来的，现仅存遗迹。斗兽场专为野蛮的奴隶主和流氓们看角斗而造。现在虽只剩下大半个骨架，但其雄伟之气魄、磅礴之气势犹存。斗兽场平面呈椭圆形，占地约2万平方米，外围墙高57米，相当于现代19层楼房的高度。底层的第一区是皇帝和贵族的座席，第二层为罗马高阶层市民席，第
2、三层则为一般平民席，再往上就是大阳台，一般观众只能在此处站着观看表演了。场内看台共可容纳观众5万多人，底层地面有80个出入口，可确保在15分钟至30分钟内把场内5万观众全部疏散离场。斗兽场的建筑师究为何人，现在还是个未知数。Angkor Wat,a temple complex built in Cambodia in the 12th century.吴哥窟又称吴哥寺，位在柬埔寨西北方。原始的名字是Vrah Vishnulok，意思为“毗湿奴的神殿”。中国古籍称为“桑香佛舍”。它是吴哥古迹中保存得最完好的的庙宇，以建筑宏伟与浮雕细致闻名于世，也是世界上最大的庙宇。Angkor Wat（柬埔寨
3、的吴哥窟）St Basils Cathedral,Moscow,Russia.Built between 1555 and 1560.圣巴塞尔大教堂约建于1550年至1560年，是伊凡雷帝为纪念将喀山公国和阿斯特拉罕合并，并将其征服为俄罗斯国领域而建造的。圣巴塞尔教堂主要由9个高高的塔楼组成，都是尖顶形成。教堂除中心楼之外，面向四个不同的方位各建一座尖塔，并在每两个方位之间各建造一座小塔，每个小塔顶部都立有一个穹顶。这些穹顶是沿袭拜占庭建筑风格，但又做了特殊处理，浅圆顶改成坡度很陡的形式，像是一个美味的冰激凌，又似一个个小洋葱，形象优美。圣巴塞尔大教堂塔形的设计意在减少穹顶顶部面积，以免冬季的
4、积雪给穹顶造成重压。教堂建成后，人们又在它的外部以彩色装饰，这些建筑师精心设计过的圆顶为教堂增添了不少风采，呈现出浓郁的童话色彩。St Brasils Cathedral 莫斯科的圣巴塞尔教堂Classical gardens of Suzhou,China,built between the 11th and 19th centuries.Yuanmingyuan in ChinaWhat is this?Yuan mingyuanThe ruins of Yuanmingyuan are located in the suburbs of Beijing to the north-west
5、 of QinghuaUniversity.Yuanmingyuan dates back to the Ming Dynasty.It has the reputation of being“the garden of gardens”.Unfortunately,it was destroyed in a fire.Our government has taken measures to repair it and much restoration work still needs to be done.MarathonOlympic flagAthenathe Greek goddess
6、 1.Which country or city can you think of when seeing the pictures?Athens,the capital city of Greece2.When we talk about Greece,what would you think of?Its long history,brilliant achievements in art and architecture,fantastic Greek mythology（神话）and the ancient Olympic Games.M9U2 Witnessing time见证时间（
7、历史）ReadingThe Acropolis now今日卫城2The Acropolis in Greece俯瞰雅典卫城帕提农神庙卫城山门伊瑞克提翁神庙雅典娜胜利神庙雅典娜女神像复原图1.When did the construction of the Acropolis start?2.What were the buildings of the Acropolis made of?3.When was the Acropolis listed as a World Heritage site?It started in the 5th century BC.They were made
8、of marble.It was listed as a World Heritage site in 1987 by UNESCO.Part 1()Part 2()Part 3()Part 4()The structure of the passage123-45-7the greatest impact of ancient Greeks on Western civilizationthe introduction to the Acropolisthe destruction of the Acropolisthe restoration and protectionof the Ac
9、ropolisPara.1Para.2Para.3-4Para.5-7 Action/Measuresto preserve itfixcleaneducateCauseschemicalbiologicalbad reconstructionhuman activitiesImportanceIntroductionDamagesProtectionhistorylocationbuildings of the Acropolis1.In which fields did the Greeks make contributions to Western civilization?2.How
10、has the Acropolis been damaged?3.What was the last major damage done to the Acropolis by man?4.What is the aim of the committee set up in 1975?5.Why is the committee undertaking work to educate the public?6.What would happen if people did not learn how to prevent damage to the Acropolis?Listen&answe
11、r:1.In which fields did the Greeks make contributions to Western civilization?In the fields of philosophy,science,mathematics,art,architecture,theatre,politics and sport.2.How has the Acropolis been damaged?It has been damaged partly by natural forces like earthquakes,but the greatest damage of all
12、has been caused by man.3.What was the last major damage done to the Acropolis by man?The last major destruction occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801,when an Englishman cut them off the face of the Parthenon and took them to London.4.What is the aim of the committee set up i
13、n 1975?Its aim is to undertake a complete repair of the Acropolis.5.Why is the committee undertaking work to educate the public?To teach people how to avoid damaging important historic buildings so that they can enjoy these buildings for generations to come.6.What would happen if people did not lear
14、n how to prevent damage to the Acropolis?More important historic buildings would be damaged.2CausesExamplesSolutionsChemicalNaturalTechnicalHumana steady cleaning programme;removed statues from the open air and stored them in a protective museunto be mendedto be mendedask for returneducational worke
15、ducational work a steady cleaning programmesmog and acid rainearthquakesplant rootsbad repair workstealing stoneswalking around the Acropolisdeliberate damageTime _5th century BCIt was constructed _the goddess of Athens.1458The Turks _ Athens.1687It was destroyed by a huge _._Many of the best sculpt
16、ures _,which is the last major destruction.1816The sculptures stolen _ the British Museum.1832Greece _ an independent country.1835_ to restore it began.1975_was established to undertake the professional restoration.1987The Acropolis _in the World Heritage listing.in honor ofEventsseized control ofex
17、plosion1801were stolenwere transferred towas recognized asA serious effortA committeewas listed分析复杂句1.No one has had a greater influence on Western civilization than the ancient Greeks.influence v./n.“影响,感化;左右”I dont want to influence you.You must decide for yourself.We became friends and he influen
18、ced me deeply.What you read influences your thinking.Television has a strong influence on people.affect:vt，主要指一时的影响，着重 影响的动作.affect v.have an effect on _否定词+比较级最高级affect,effect,influence用法区别2.The Western or Roman alphabet is a Greek invention,as is the marathon,which is a long distance race named fo
19、r a Greek messenger who ran from Marathon to Athens to report a victory at the battle of Marathon in 490 BC.西方字母表或罗马字母表是希腊人的发明。马拉松比赛也是，这种长跑是为纪念一位希腊信使而命名的。公元前490前，这名信使从马拉松一直跑到雅典，报告了马拉松战役大捷。分析复杂句_分析复杂句It used to house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue of Athena as the Goddess of Victory.Later,they u
20、sed the Parthenon as a warehouseThis has caused some friction between Greece and Britain,as the Greek government has never given up asking for the return of these marble statues.In 1830,Greece was recognized as an autonomous countryIn 1987,it was listed as Heritage site by UNESCO.As a part of this p
21、rocess,statues have been removed from请思考这些as的词性及其意思as 引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/asAsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we
22、expected定语从句在句首时只能用as,1.The Beatles,_ many of you are old enough to remember,came from Liverpool.A.what B.that C.how D.as2.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,_ this was a memory she especially treasured.A.as B.if C.when D.where3.(2006浙江)_ is our belief that improve
23、ments in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.A.As B.That C.This D.It4.(2006江苏)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running,_ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.A.who B.that C.as D.which5.(2006陕西)His plan was su
24、ch a good one _ we all agreed to accept it.A.as B.that C.so D.after which3.In particular,we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens,.(P1816)in particular “特别，尤其”介词短语作状语(=particularly adv.)He was not thinking of anything in particular.Please let me know if there is anythi
25、ng in particular.Margaret liked all her classes,but she liked sewing class _.A.above all B.in general C.after all D.in particular particular(adj.)特别的；不寻常的以(那种)特殊的方式_There was nothing in the letter of particular importance.难以取悦的；考究的；挑剔的对很讲究、挑剔_Eg.我不怎么讲究我的衣服，我不在乎我穿什么。_Eg.他吃东西很讲究/挑剔。_(n.)细节；详项；个别部分ente
26、r into particulars go into particularsin that particular waybe particular aboutIm not particular about my clothes;I dont mind what I wear.He is very particular about his food.详述1.My brother likes eating very much but he isnt very _ about the food he eats.A.special B.peculiar（独特的）C.particular D.unusu
27、al 2.Margaret liked all her classes,but she liked sewing class _.A.above all B.in general C.after all D.in particular 归纳：表示“和有联系”的短语还有：have something to do withbe linked/related tobe connected within relation toin association with4.It used to house a 13-metre-high gold-covered statue of the goddess
28、of Victory.houseVt.储藏，收藏，安置给提供住房1.该图书馆收藏了约一百万册书。_2.难民们被安排在临时住房里_The library houses about one million books.The refugees are being housed in temporary accommodation.5.In 1458,the Turks defeated the Greeks and seized control of Athens.seized control of 夺取对的控制=exercise control over他醉心于权利，对国王实施控制。He is
29、drunk with power and exercises control over the king.请指出下列句中seize的含义：She seized him by the arm.They seized the airport in a surprise attack.I couldnt seize the meaning of his remarks.I will seize the chance to go abroad.The men were seized as they left the building.抓住夺取/攻占理解抓住(机会)逮捕/捉拿6.The last maj
30、or damage of this kind occurred with the theft of many of the best sculptures in 1801,when an Englishman,Lord Elgin,cut them off the face of the Parthenon,and took them to London._ occurVi.发生/出现；事情是什么时候发生的？When did the accident_?好多事情发生在经理不在的时候。Many things _during the absence of the manager.It/Sth.oc
31、curs to sb.（that）It occurs to sb.to do突然想起我突然想到了一个主意。An idea suddenly occurred to me.我突然想起我们可以在另一个城市度假。It _ _me that we might spend our holidays in another city.Ses to sb.Sth.strikes sb.It strikes sb.thatIt crosses sbs mind that某人突然想起occuroccurredoccurredto7.In a gesture to help preserve history,the
32、 Greek government appointed a committee in 1975 to undertake the complete of the Acropolis.为保存历史，希腊政府于1975年成立了一个委员会来负责卫城全面、专业的修复（P 19-89）undertake Vt.承担,接受；着手做;进行,从事，保证undertook (过去式)undertaken (过去分词)承担任务/工程项目/研究/实验undertake a task/a project/a research/an experimentWe shall undertake the constructio
33、n of this bridge.I will undertake the responsibility for you.We undertook a trip to the west.I can not undertake that you will make a profit.1.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。He _ the job by Friday.undertake to do/that 承诺/允诺/答应做某事2.我将保证你的安全。Ill _ your security.3.The forty-storey building is one of the most challengi
34、ng engineering projects they have _.A.undergone B.overtaken C.understood D.undertaken undertook to finishundertake for The manager gave a written undertaking that no one would lose their job.undertaking n.答应、许诺、保证、担保gesture（n.）姿势,手势,姿态,表示(尤指友好的表示)gesture language 手势语a warlike gesture耀武扬威,挑衅的姿态（vt,vi
35、）做手势，用动作示意He gestured angrily at me.Translations.1.那个故事对小孩子产生很大的影响。That story has a great impact on children.Bad weather was responsible for the accident.Consolidation2.坏天气是引起这场事故的原因。I cant help associating her with my younger sister.A temple was built in honour of the brave dragon.What event occurr
36、ed in1991?3.我情不自禁地把她和我的妹妹联系到了一起。4.人们建造了一座庙来纪念那条勇敢的龙。5.1991年发生了什么重大的事件?2His bike was destroyed in the accident,and cant be repaired.6.他的自行车在车祸中坏了,不能再修了。7.中国队去年打败了日本队。In a gesture to reduce pollution,the government tried all means.Chinese team defeated Japanese team last year.8.为了能减少污染,政府想尽了各种方法。We should be polite,in particular,to parents.Acid rain was caused by pollution.9.酸雨是由污染引起。10.我们要有礼貌,尤其是对父母。
