1、八年级英语上册Unit 3 语法讲解和练习一、语法讲解：形容词、副词的比较级（一）比较级的构成比较级用于两个人或物之间的比较，表示“较”或“更”，标志词“than”，通常用于两者之间的比较。（二）规则变化1、一般直接在词尾加er .tall-taller great-greater- 2、以字母e结尾的直接加r;stnice-nicer fine-finer 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词变y为i再加er;estbusy-busier heavy-heavier 4、重读闭音节结尾的单音节词，若词尾只有一个辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加er;est big-bigger hot -hott
2、er 5、少数以-y,-er,-ow, -ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加-er,和-est(以-y结尾的词,如-y前是辅音字母,则变y为i,再加-er和-est;以-e结尾的词仍只加-r和-st)happyhappier clevercleverer 5、多音节和部分双音节词在词前加more;mosteasily-more easily beautiful-more beautiful 英语里有些形容词的比较等级的变化是不规则的。good wellbetter bad illworse many muchmore little less farfarther 或furtheroldolder 或
3、elder （） 形容词前可加less ,表示“较不” 。egShort sight is less common among the young students in this country.近视在这个国家的青少年学生中较为少见。 It is less cold than it was yesterday.天气没有昨天那样冷。（三）比较级表示法（1）“A+谓语+as+形容词原级+as+B”表示A和B同等程度。eg.Im not as tall as he.我没有他高。 He runs as fast as I .他跑得和我一样快。(2)“A+谓语+形容词比较级+than+B”表示A超过B
4、。eg.The first is better than the second第一个比第二个好。(3)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示B随着A的增长程度而平行增长,译为“越越”。eg.The busier I am,the happier I feel.我越忙,越高兴。(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。eg.The summer is coming,it is getting hotter and hotter.夏天来了,天气越来越热。(5)A+谓语+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+BA+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+Beg.There are now five times
5、as many schools in our town as in 1979.我们城里的学校比1979年增加了4倍。Asia is four times larger than Europe.亚洲比欧洲大3倍。 二、巩固练习I.写出下列形容词与副词的比较级及最高级形式。1.long _ 2.wide _ 3.fat _ 4.heavy_ 5.far _ 6.interesting _ 7.wet_ 8.hot _ 9.nice _ 10.much _ II.用所给词的正确形式填空。1.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever) one.2.Gold
6、(黄金) is _ (little) useful than iron(铁).3.My sister is two years _ (old) than I.4.The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother.5.Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John.6.She will be much _ (happy) in her new house.7.She is _(calm) than her frienD.8.Lucy is the _(outgoing) of the two gir
7、ls.9.This room is not as _(big) as that one.10.He lives _(far) away from the school than I do.III.句型转换，每空一词。1.Basketball is more popular than football in theUSA.(改为同义句)Football is _ _ popular as basketball in the USA.2.Tom is tall.Jim is short.(合并为一句)Tom is _ _ Jim.3.Mike is not as quiet as his brot
8、her.(改为同义句)Mikes brother is _ _ Mike.4.Im athletic.Hes athletic, too.(合并为一句)I am _ _ _ he is.5.My dictionary isnt so thick as yours.My dictionary is _ than yours.IV.完成句子，每空一词。1.我的哥哥比你高。My brother is _ _ you.2.他不如他的弟弟外向。He isnt _ _ _ his brother.3.我想我比杰克高一点。I think I am _ _ _ than Jack.4.春天来了，天气越来越暖和
9、了。Spring is coming, it gets _ _ _.5.你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。_ _ you study, _ _ grades you will get.6.中国第二大城市是哪座城市？Which is _ _ _ _ inChina?V.单项选择。1.This box is_ that one.A.heavy than B.so heavy than C.heavier as D.as heavy as2.I think the story is not so _ as that one.A.interesting B.interested C.more interes
10、ting D.most interesting3.I think science is _ than Japanese.A.much important B.important C.much more important D.more much important4.These children are _ this year than they were last year.A.more tall B.more taller C.very taller D.much taller5.Mr.Smith thought the Century Park was the second _ in S
11、hanghai.A.large B.largerC.largest D.very large【真题链接】1.We are happy to see our city is developing _ these years than before.A.quickly B.the most quicklyC.very quickly D.more quickly2.Air pollution has become_ than ever before.We must do something to stop it.A.serious B.more seriousC.most serious D.th
12、e most serious【答案】I.写出下列形容词与副词的比较级及最高级形式。1.longer， 2.wider， 3.fatter， 4.heavier， 5.farther/further， 6.more interesting， 7.wetter 8.hotte 9.nicer, 10.more II.用所给词的正确形式填空。1.cleverer 2.less 3.older4.interesting 5.well; better6.happier 7.calmer8.more outgoing 9.big10.farther III.句型转换，每空一词。1.not as 2.tal
13、ler than 3.quieter than4.as athletic as 5.thinnerIV.完成句子，每空一词。1.taller than 2.as/so outgoing as3.a little taller 4.warmer and warmer5.The harder; the better 6.the second largest cityV.单项选择。1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C。形容词最高级前可用序数词限定，共同修饰后面的名词，其结构为：the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词。真题链接1.D。本句意为：我们很高兴看到我们的城市这些年来比以前发展更快。我们可以看到 than before，所以这里用比较级形式。所以答案选D。2.B。句意：空气污染比以前更严重了。我们必须想办法来阻止它。本题考查形容词比较级。由设空处后的than可知应用比较级，serious的比较级为more serious，故答案为B项。4
