1、2021高考英语阅读之长难句分析与练习（六）Exercise 1：长难句分析1. When you set out to do something different, theres no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract of the publisher - to be a published writer - is unbelievably rewarding. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】rewarding adj. 值得的；有报酬的
2、 到目前为止,我和这些孩子们度过的时光非常有价值。 政府部门的工作可以很有回报，很有保障。【语法点拨】动词不定式可以作主语，位于句首。如果动词不定式短语过长，为了避免句子头重脚轻，可用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语动词不定式短语后置，如： 遵守法律人人有责。 爱人和被人爱是这个世界上最大的幸福。2. To really develop empathy, youd better volunteer at a nursing home or a hospital, join a club or a team that has a diverse membership, have a“shari
3、ng circle”with your family, or spend time caring for pets at an animal shelter. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】volunteer v. 志愿 n. 志愿者 一些大学生自愿到农村去。 目前她在当地的一家学校做志愿工作，一周去3天。【语法点拨】不定式to do可以作目的状语（其否定形式：not to do），相当于in order to do和so as to do (so as to do只能放在句中，不能位于句首)。如： 为了维持身体健康，一个人要有足够的锻炼。 为了找份更好的工作，很多人愿意到大城市去。
4、3.Proudly reading my words, I glanced around the room, only to find my classmates bearing big smiles on their faces and tears in their eyes. 【句式翻译】 【句式分析】 【词语点拨】glance vi瞥；浏览；后面常跟at, through, over等介词 我拿起电话簿，匆匆扫了一遍。 他匆匆看了一下手表，离开了房间。【语法点拨】动词不定式作结果状语时，通常表示出乎意料的结果，常被just或only修饰，置于句末，用逗号和句子分开。如： 我去了教室，却没
5、有见到一个人。 他冲到门边, 却发现门已被锁死了。3. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.【解析】 【翻译】 5. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an isl
6、and.【解析】 【翻译】 Exercise 2：阅读练习Googles new artificial intelligence can defeat both humans and other AIs.Fortunately,the only war zone where it fights and wins is the ancient board game Go(围棋).AlphaGo Zero,developed by Google-owned DeepMind,is the latest AI program.The original AlphaGo defeated Go mast
7、er Lee Sedol last year,and AlphaGo Master,an updated version,went on to win 60 games against top human players.Whats different about AlphaGo Zero is that it became potentially the worlds best Go player without any help from humans.The program AlphaGo Zero started off knowing only the basic rules and
8、 then played millions of games against itself in just a few days.After almost five million games played against itself,AlphaGo Zero could outplay humans and the original AlphaGo.After 40 days,it was capable of beating AlphaGo Master.The program learned the strategies humans accumulated over thousand
9、s of years in a matter of weeks and also developed nontraditional strategies and moves that beat the techniques of the human masters,leaving them astonished.“At each stage of the game,it seems to gain a bit here and lose a bit there,but somehow it ends up slightly ahead,as if by magic,” said Andrew
10、Jackson of the American Go Association.DeepMind says it has plans for the technology behind AlphaGo Zero beyond just defeating all on an ancient game board.“In the end,we want to apply these breakthroughs to helping solve all sorts of real world problems like designing new materials,” said Demis Has
11、sabis,co-founder and CEO of DeepMind,in a statement.That sounds great,but just as a precaution,lets take the advice of Elon Musk and Stephen Hawking and keep any super-fast learning AI away from the nuclear launch codes.1.Which was probably the earliest AI program to play Go according to the text?A.
12、DeepMind.B.AlphaGo.C.AlphaGo Master.D.AlphaGo Zero.2.What makes AlphaGo Zero different from its other versions?A.It teaches itself.B.It beats AlphaGo Master.C.It knows the basic rules of Go.D.It plays against itself for a long time.3.Whats DeepMinds plan for the AI technology?A.To design a new versi
13、on.B.To win all the ancient board games.C.To beat human beings all over the world.D.To inspire the world with solutions to global issues.4.How does the author feel about AI?A.Negative. B.Supportive.C.Cautious. D.Encouraging.参考答案1. 【句式翻译】当着手去做不同的事情，看不到结果，所以，发现自己的名字写在出版商的合同上要成为一个出版作家是令人难以置信的回报。【句式分析】本
14、句是复合句，包含有三个从句，when引导时间状语从句，so引导结果状语从句，where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词position，to find 在句中作主语。So far my time with these children has been very rewarding. Government service can be a rewarding and secure career. To obey the law is the duty of everybody. To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in the wo
15、rld.2. 【句式翻译】要真正开发同理心，你最好在养老院或医院做志愿者，加入一个有多样化的会员的俱乐部或团队，与你的家人有一个“共享圈”，或者在动物收容所照顾宠物。【句式分析】本句是复合句，that引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a club or a team，volunteer, join, have和spend是并列的谓语动词，To really develop在句中作目的状语。Some graduates volunteer to work in the countryside. She now helps in a local school as a volunteer thr
16、ee days a week. One should get enough exercise to keep healthy. To find a better job, a lot of people choose to go to the big cities. 3.【句式翻译】自豪地阅读我写的内容时，我环顾整个房间，却发现我的同学笑得眼泪都要流出来了。【句式分析】本句是简单句，包含有三个非谓语短语，reading my words 和only to find分别作时间状语和结果状语，bearing作宾补。I picked up the phone book and glanced thr
17、ough it. He glanced at his watch and left the room. I went to the classroom, only to find nobody there. He rushed to the door, only to discover that it was locked and barred. 4. 【解析】Once引导的是条件状语从句， waiting from time to time for为现在分词短语做伴随状语；as 引导的是原因状语从句。【翻译】一旦吸引了他们的注意，它就飞过森林，并时不时地等着那好奇的动物或人跟上来，因为它要带
18、着他们找到蜂巢。5. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an island.【解析】so that引导的是结果状语从句；as if引导的是表语从句。【翻译】一名男演员和一名女演员站在场景前，好让他们看起来像是站在一个小岛的水边。 阅读答案1.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的第二句“The original AlphaGo defeated Go master Lee Sedol last year.”可知,最早的
19、在围棋上发展人工智能的项目应该是AlphaGo。2.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Whats different about AlphaGo Zero is that it became potentially the worlds best Go player without any help from humans.”可知,AlphaGo Zero的不同之处在于它可能是世界上最好的棋手,不需要任何人类帮助,也就是说它完全可以自学,所以A项正确。3.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In the end,we want to apply these breakthroughs t
20、o helping solve all sorts of real world problems.”可知,D项(鼓舞全世界解决全球问题)正确。4C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中提到的“.lets take the advice of.and keep any super-fast learning AI away from the nuclear launch codes.”可知C项符合题意。【长难句分析】The program learned the strategies humans accumulated over thousands of years in a matter of weeks and also developed nontraditional strategies and moves that beat the techniques of the human masters,leaving them astonished.该程序仅用几周的时间就学会了人类几千年来积累的策略,并开发了非传统的策略和路数,击败了大师们,使他们惊讶万分。本句是一个主从复合句。learned.and also developed.是句子的并列谓语,humans.of years是省略了that/which的定语从句,that.引导的也是定语从句,leaving.在句中作结果状语。
