1、情态动词主要用法典型例句can/could表能力“能,会”I can answer the question.我能回答这这个问题。表请求“能,可以”Can you help me with it?能帮我弄这个吗？表允许“能,可以”Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗？主要用法典型例句can/could提建议“可以”You can ask Mr.Li about it.这件事你可以问问李先生。表可能性：可能(问句或否定句)That cant be Mary，shes in hospital.那不可能是玛丽，她住院了。What can they be doing?
2、他们可能在干什么呢?主要用法典型例句may/might表允许You may come if you wish.你愿意来可以来。表可能This coat may be Peters.这件大衣可能是彼得的。表祝愿May you succeed!祝你成功!主要用法典型例句must表必要“必须”I must study hard.我必须努力学习。表坚持“偏要，非要”Must you make so much noise?你就非得弄出这么大声吗?表不可避免“必定会”All men must die.人总有一死。表推断“一定、准是”You must be tired after your long wal
3、k.你走了那么远的路,一定累了。主要用法典型例句shall在疑问句中征求意见(主语是I,we,he)Shall we begin now?我们现在开始，好吗?Shall he wait for you outside?要不要他在外面等你?表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告等You shall have a new dress for your birthday.你过生日一定有件新衣。(主语是第二、第三人称)表示强制，意为“必须，应该”Each competitor shall wear a number.每个参赛者要戴一个号码。(在法令、规章中)主要用法典型例句should表示责任或义务He
4、should work harder.他应该更加努力。(意为：应该，应当)表示推断“可能，该”He should arrive soon.他可能很快就到了。(=will probably)表示“竟然”Its strange that he should be late.真奇怪，他竟会迟到。表示不感兴趣、惊讶How should I know?我怎么知道呢?表示“万一”(条件句)If I should be free tomorrow,Ill come.万一明天有空，我就来。主要用法 典型例句will/would表示愿意 He will take you home.他愿意送你回家。表示请求 Wi
5、ll/Would you go with me?你愿意和我一起去吗?表示真理“总是”Oil will float on water.油总是浮在水面上。主要用法 典型例句will/would表示过去的习惯He would get up early when he lived in the country.他住乡下时总是早起。表示要求“一定”You will report to me afterward.你稍后一定要向我报告。表示目前情况的预测“一定,大概”This will be the house youre looking for.这大概就是你要找的房子。熟读深思Lucy is an out
6、going lady.She can1 play many kinds of musical instruments.Actually,she could2play the piano when she was 8 years old.Lucy also keeps taking exercise every day.She says that she has to3 do some sports because she must4 keep slim.“You shall5get fat soon if you dont take exercise every day.”She usuall
7、y says to her friends.As for her,an elegant lady should6 try to keep fit.However,last week,she found that she might7 put on weight and she was worried and decided to lose weight.And these days she is always thinking that she may8 succeed soon if she tries all her best.However,she is always lack of t
8、ime because she ought to9 take care of her children.One night after supper,she walked quickly in order to go dancing at the Tomorrow Park and she was late.On her way,she thought that the dancing must have begun10,and the coach could have taught or shown11 many new moves.She was afraid that her frien
9、ds might have left12 before she got there.She was regretful then.She should have had13 supper earlier,or she could have taken a taxi14,and indeed she neednt have taken15 a bath in advance.When she reached the park finally,she found nobody was there.She remembered suddenly that it had been reported o
10、n the radio that there would be a heavy rain that night.汉语译文：露西是一个性格外向的女士。她能够演奏许多种乐器。事实上，在她8岁的时候，她就能弹奏钢琴了。露西每天都要坚持运动。她说她每天都必须做一些运动，因为她得保持苗条。她经常对她的朋友们说：“如果你不每天坚持运动的话，你一定很快就会变肥的。”对于她来说，一位女士应该尽量保持健康苗条。然而，上星期她发现她可能又胖了,她很担忧，并且决定要减肥。这些天，她总是在想，如果她尽自己最大的努力（去减肥）的话，她也许很快就能成功的。不过，她总是缺少时间，因为她是应该要好好照顾她的孩子们的。一天晚上
11、，在她吃过晚饭后，她急匆匆地步行前往明天公园去跳舞。她迟到了。她一路上都在胡思乱想：跳舞一定已经开始了，教练可能已经教了或者是展示了许多新动作。在她到达之前，恐怕连她的朋友都已经离开了。她很懊悔，她本应该要早点吃晚饭的，或者她本来可以乘出租车去的，而且甚至她没有必要提前就洗澡的。当她最终到达公园的时候，她发现，那儿一个人也没有。她突然想起来，电台上已经预报过说那晚可能会有一场大雨。1.can在此表示能力。2.could在此表示能力，是can的一般过去时。3.have to表示“不得不”，强调客观需要。4.must表示“必须”，强调主观想法。5.shall表示说话者的意图、允诺、告诫、警告等，用
12、于陈述句的第二、第三人称时。6.should表示劝告或建议，意为“应该”。7.might在此是may的过去式，表示“可能”。8.may表示“可能”。熟读深思9.ought to“应该”，表示义务或责任，比should语气重。10.must have done表示对过去已经发生的事进行推测，意为“想必已经做了某事”。11.could have done表示对过去情况的推测，意为“可能已经做了某事”。12.might have done表示“或许已经做了某事”。13.should have done表示“本应该做某事(但没有做)”，有责备和懊悔之意。14.could have done意为“本来可
13、以做某事(但没有做)”,有懊悔之意。15.neednt have done表示做了本来不必去做的事情，意为“本不必做某事(但却做了)。情态动词与高考语法填空的纯空格题中或给词填空的谓语动词都可能考情态动词。短文改错可能考查情态动词的三个特点以及误用。熟练掌握情态动词的用法，对准确理解语法填空、完形填空、阅读理解、听力理解中含有情态动词的句子是很有益处的，在写作中也可能会用到情态动词，因此，我们应当学好情态动词。除“知识网络”所含内容外，还须掌握以下内容：1.情态动词具有以下三个特点：后面接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化。变为疑问句或否定句时不需要加助动词，而是将情态动词移至主语前变为疑问句；在情
14、态动词后加not，构成否定句。2.表示能力，can与be able to 一般可互换，但be able to可用于将来时和完成时等更多时态；在表示过去具体某次能够成功做成某事时，只能用was/were able to。3.表示请求许可，可说May/Might/Can/Could I？但表示给予许可时，不能用might/could，即不说you might/could。4.must强调主观认为“必须”做某事，只有一般现在时态；而have to 强调客观上要求“不得不”做某事，有更多的时态变化；mustnt“不准”，而dont have to=neednt“不必”。5.表示“应该，应当”，shou
15、ld和ought to可互换，只是ought to的语气稍重；should强调主观看法，而ought to强调客观要求。6.表示推测的情态动词，若按语气强弱排列，依次有must，can，could，may，might等。其中，could，might不一定是can，may的过去式，只是语气分别比can，may更弱。使用时注意以下几点：must 只用于肯定句，表示有把握的推测，可译作“一定会，准会”。can一般不用于肯定句，可译作“可能”；但语气稍弱的could可用于肯定句；can表示“有时也会”时也可用于肯定句。may不用于疑问句，表示没有把握的推测，常译作“或许，可能”。用于否定句：cant，
16、couldnt不可能；may/might not可能不。灵活运用1.I _worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.意为“不必”。句意为：我不必担心我的周末我总是没等到周末就把计划安排好了。neednt2.Just be patient.You _expect the world to change so soon.表示能力，cant不能。3.May I take this book out of the reading room？No，you _.You read it in here.表示禁止，“一
17、定不，不准许”。cantmustnt4.You _park here!Its an emergency exit.由Its an emergency exit可知,“不准”在此停车。5.I cant leave.She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back.表示“必须”，句意为：我不能离开，她告诉我必须在这等到她回来。mustntmust6.I dont really like James.Why did you invite him？Dont worry.He _not come.He said he wasnt certain wh
18、at his plans were.在此表推测，意为“可能”，否定式may/might not的意思是“可能不”。may/might7.It _have been Tom that parked the car here,as he is the only one with a car.由as he is the only one with a car可知，“一定是”Tom了。8.The traffic is heavy this day;I _ arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place？表“可能”“也许”。句意为：这几天道路很堵，我可能会迟
19、到一会儿，你能帮我留个座位吗？mustmight9.It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it _be rather cold sometimes.表示“有时会”。10.She _ have left school,for her bike is still here.表示“不可能已经离开学校了”。cancant二、单句改错 1.I used to living in Hunan but now I live in Guangzhou.living live 因为表示“过去做某事”的used to后要接动词原形。2.She could s
20、ang very well when she was a girl.sang sing 在情态动词后要接动词原形。3.Youd better to wear rubbers,for its raining outside.去掉to 由had better do sth.(最好做某事)可知。4.I would rather to work than play.去掉to 因would rather do sth.(宁愿做某事)。5.I asked him whether he needs go there.needs need 情态动词没有人称和数的变化。6.Something is wrong
21、with my computer and it need repairing.need needs 因need作情态动词，仅用于疑问句、否定句或与whether连用，在肯定句中只能用作行为动词。本句是肯定句，need是行为动词，主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时，要加s，故改为needs。7.I can have lent you the money.Why didnt you ask me?can could 由后句“你为什么不问我(借)呢？”可知前句意为“我本来可以借这笔钱给你的。”表示“本来可以做某事但事实上却没有做”用could have done。而can have done 表示“可能
22、已经做了某事”，这种情况也可以用could have done。8.She should able to give us a good answer.在able前加be 情态动词should后要接动词原形,而able是形容词，因此要加be，构成be able to。9.Judging from what you say,he ought succeed.在ought后加to 因为ought to(=should应该)总是一起使用的，或者说ought后总是接to do的。10.You mustnt have told him the news;he knew it already.mustnt neednt 本句意为“你本来不必要告诉他这条消息的，因为他早就知道了。”表示“不必”用neednt，而mustnt意为“千万不，不允许”。
