1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors导语甲骨文(Oracle bone script)是中国古代的一种文字，被认为是现代汉字的早期形式，有时候也被认为是汉字的书体之一，同时也是现存中国最古老的一种成熟文字。甲骨文引导炎黄子孙走上用图形记号表示意义而不约束其读者的文字发展历程，造就了延绵数千年的统一文化意识。Oracle Bone ScriptOracle bone script refers to the ancient Chinese characters found on animal bones or turtle shells used in divination
2、 in Bronze Age China.The vast majority record is the divination by fire of the royal house of the late Shang Dynasty at the capital of Yin (modern Anyang, Henan Province)Because turtle shells as well as bones were used, the oracle bone script is also sometimes called shell and bone script.As the maj
3、ority of oracle bones bearing writing date to the late Shang Dynasty, oracle bone script essentially refers to Shang script.It is certain that the writing of the Shang Dynasty experienced a period of development before the Anyang oracle bone script; however, no significant quantity of clearly identi
4、fiable writing before or during the early to middle Shang cultural period has been discovered.The oracle bone script of the late Shang appears pictographic，as does its contemporary，the Shang writing on bronzes.The earliest oracle bone script appears even more so than examples from late in the period
5、.Comparing oracle bone script to both Shang and early Western Zhou period writing on bronzes, oracle bone script is clearly greatly simplified；this is thought to be due to the difficulty of carving on the hard and bony surfaces.The more detailed and more pictorial style of the bronze graphs is thus
6、thought to be more representative of typical Shang writing (as would have normally occurred on bamboo books) than the oracle bone script forms, and it is this typical style which continued to evolve into the Zhou period writing and then into the seal script of the Qin state in the late Zhou period.词
7、海拾贝1divination n占卜2pictographic adj.象形文字的3pictorial adj.图片的，图画似的4evolve vt.使发展，使逐渐形成vi.进展，发展，演化问题思考根据文章内容判断正(T)误(F)。1The oracle bone script we say today mainly refers to Shang script.()2Typical Shang writing is more detailed and more pictorial.()答案：1.T2.T.为单词选择正确的释义1starvationA放射性的，辐射能的2centimetre B
8、接待员；招待员3primitive C有系统的；有计划的；有条理的4analysis D标点符号5category E幼儿园6systematic F挨饿，饿死7academy G厘米8receptionist H分析9kindergarten I原始的；远古的；简陋的10radioactive J学院；院校；学会；学术团体11punctuation K种类；类别；范畴答案：1F2G3I4H5K6C7J8B9E10A11D.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_ adj.有观察力的；敏锐的；严重的；深刻的2_ n野兽3_ n植物学4_ vt. & vi.使成熟；成熟5_ n意义；意思；重要性；重要意义6
9、_ adv.以方式；不知怎么地7_ vt.吐出(唾液、食物等)8_ vt.删；删除9_ n痕迹；搔；挠 vt.搔；抓；擦伤；刮坏10_ n皱纹11_ n铁锤；锤子12_ adj.快乐的；欢快的13_ adj.有技巧的；熟练的答案：1.acute2.beast3.botany4.ripen5.significance6.somehow7.spit8.delete9.scratch10.wrinkle11.hammer12.gay13.skilful/skillful.根据英语释义写出单词1_：the branch of anthropology that studies prehistoric
10、people and their cultures2_：in spite of everything; disregarding drawbacks3_：uncertain; hesitant4_：the choice between two mutually exclusive possibilities5_：to take for granted; accept without proof；suppose6_：to break the continuity or uniformity of sth7_：large in degree，kind，or quantity8_：to make o
11、r become sharp or sharper9_：dirty，confused，or untidy10_：the quality of being correct or true 11_：to show your approval of sb/sth by clapping your hands12_：to happen or to make sth happen faster or earlier13_：to make sb notice sth and pay attention to it14_：to make a long loud cry15_：feeling as if ev
12、erything is spinning around you and that you are not able to balance16_：the process or result of dividing into separate parts17_：to move，beat or flow with strong regular movements or sounds18_：a long weapon like a stick with one sharp end答案：1.archaeology2.regardless3.tentative4alternative5.assume6.i
13、nterrupt7.ample8sharpen9.messy10.accuracy11.applaud12accelerate13.arrest14.howl15.dizzy16division17.pulse18.spear.选用正确短语的适当形式完成句子at most；cut up；regardless of；be fed up with；look ahead；date back to1John was _ about his failure to beat Mary.2The laws apply to everyone _ race，creed (宗教信条) or colour.3Th
14、e work will be completed within four hours _4My interest in stamp collection _ my schooldays.5Im trying to _ at what might happen and be ready to handle it.6Jenny _ Tom who is always compromising his principles.答案：1.cut up2.regardless of3.at most4.dates back to5.look ahead6.is fed up with课文表层理解.判断正(
15、T)误(F)1The caves lie at the foot of the hill.()2Evidence has showed that the earliest people in the caves used animal skins to make clothes according to the conversation.()3Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves kept themselves warm by working.()答案：1.F2.T3.F.读课文，完成表格Some of the earliest people
16、 lived in 1._EvidenceConclusionHow could they live there？Human and animal bonesTools and2_They lived in caves.How did they keep warm？Fireplaces in the center of the cavesThey used fire to 3_，cook the food and scare wild animals away.4._They kept the fire burning all winter.No doorsThey hung animal s
17、kins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold.What 5._ were there? Bones of tigers and bearsTigers and bears were their most dangerous enemies.How did they make clothes？6._ made of animal bonesThey used7_ stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.They used 8_ to remove the fat and meat from
18、the skin.They rubbed an ample amount of salt onto the skin to 9._.What did they use to make ornaments？Animal bones and 10._Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside.答案：1.the Zhoukoudian caves2.other objects3keep warm4.Layers of ash5.wild animals6Needles7.sharpene
19、d8.smaller scrapers9made it soft10.seashells课文深层理解.主旨匹配Stage 1AWhat can we learn from a necklace?Stage 2 BLife in the cave.Stage 3 CWhat can we learn from a needle?答案：Stage 1BStage 2CStage 3A.单项选择1Our earliest people in the Zhoukoudian caves kept themselves warm by _AworkingBfightingCmaking fires Dh
20、unting2Evidence has showed that the earliest people in the caves used _ to make clothes according to the conversation.Aleaves Btree skinsCanimal skins Dcotton3Which of the following about fire is NOT right?AKeeping warm. BCooking food.CFrightening the animals. DMaking iron.4What did they find in the
21、 caves?AOnly human bones and fires.BJust animal bones.CModern tools and ornaments.DBones, tools and ornaments，as well as fireplaces.5From “but others are made of shells”， we cant infer that _Athe sea was not far away at that timeBthey ran to the sea for the shellsCthe shells could be sold and bought
22、Dthey could make necklaces by machines答案：1.C2.C3.D4.D5.D.领会下列句子所用的句型并尝试译成汉语1It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England，who are interested in archaeology._2Weve discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires._3.as the botanical analyses have shown us，all the fiel
23、ds around there used to be part of a large shallow lake._4Thats why they are called hunters and gatherers._5They couldnt have mats，blankets or quilts like we do.It must have been very uncomfortable._答案：1.很高兴见到你们这些来自英国的且对考古学感兴趣的学生。2我们发现在洞穴的中央有生火用的壁炉。3正如植物学的分析结果所显示的那样，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。4这就是他们被称为猎人和采摘者的缘
24、故。5他们不可能像我们一样有席子、毛毯或棉被，那肯定很不舒服。.课文缩写A group of students from England，who are interested in 1._，have come to Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist gives them a brief introduction to the life and habits of the earliest people in Zhoukoudian：Early people lived in caves and they made 2._ in the
25、 centre of caves to keep them 3._，cook the foodand 4._ their enemies away，such as tigers and bears.Early people made their own clothes from animal 5._.They used sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skins.Smaller scrapers were used to 6._ the fat and meat from the skin.Finally the
26、y would use needles made of animal bones to 7._ the pieces together.Early people also paid attention to their 8._ and wore necklaces.Some of the necklace beads were made of animal bones but some were made of shells，which told us that all the fields around Zhoukoudian caves used to be part of a large
27、 9._ lake.Early people didnt grow their own crops，but picked fruit when it was 10._ and hunted animals for food.答案：1.archaeology2.fires3.warm4.scare5.skins6remove7.sew8.appearance9.shallow10.ripe事物类说明文的写作说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它用来客观地介绍事物或阐明事理。说明文的种类很多，主要有事物类说明文和事理类说明文。要写好事物类说明文，应注意以下几点：1抓住事物的特点。详细描述事
28、物的本质特征，从而使读者获得全面、深刻的认识。2注意说明顺序。说明文常用的顺序有以下三种：时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。说明复杂的事物时常将这三种顺序结合起来使用。3巧用说明方法。写好事物类说明文，不仅要抓特征、讲条理，还要巧妙地运用说明方法，这样才能把复杂的事物清楚、直观地呈现在读者面前，文章也会显得更生动、形象。4语言要准确。事物类说明文是对事物做客观介绍的文章，所以写作时要注意语言的准确性。写作积累常用句式1It looks like.2.be located in.3.date back to.4.measure.metres from.to.5With a height of.，it
29、.6It is in good condition.7It may be used as/for.8It is made from/of.假如你是高三学生张磊，你的网友Mike在暑假期间要到中国来旅游，想事先了解北京的风貌。请你给Mike介绍一下北京的情况。内容包括：1北京位于华北地区。2北京是中国的政治中心，在文化、经济、科学、教育等方面起着重要作用；北京有很多著名的大学。3北京历史悠久，历史文化古迹有市区的故宫、北海公园、天坛等；郊区有颐和园、长城等。4北京的交通便利：地铁四通八达，公交方便，出租车司机乐于助人。要求：1不要逐字翻译，可以增加细节以使行文通顺。2词数100左右，开头和结尾已
30、给出，不计入总数。参考词汇：the Temple of Heaven天坛the Ming Tombs明陵Dear Mike， I am glad to have heard you are going to China for your summer vacation.Im writing to tell you something about Beijing._Welcome to Beijing! I hope you have a good stay in Beijing!Yours sincerely，Zhang Lei写作要点1第一段：写北京是中国文化、经济、政治、教育中心。2第二段
31、：介绍北京的名胜古迹。3第三段：说明北京便利的交通。4第四段：欢迎Mike到北京，祝愿他在北京快乐。范文点评范文点评Dear Mike，I am glad to have heard you are going to Chinayoure your summer vacation.Im writing to tell you something about Beijing.Beijing lies in Northern China.It is not only the political centre of the country，but also plays an outstanding
32、part in culture，economy，science and education.There are numerous universities in Beijing.Among the citys historical and cultural monuments are the Palace Museum，Beihai Park and the Temple of Heaven.In the suburbs，there are many other sights，including the Summer Palace and the Great Wall.It is now ve
33、ry convenient to travel in Beijing.There are subway lines on which you can travel around the city.And the buses are near you all the way and taxi drivers in Beijing are also ready to help you.Welcome to Beijing！I hope you have a good stay in Beijing！Yours sincerely，Zhang Lei本文使用了高级词汇，如not only.but a
34、lso.，lie in，all the way，be convenient等及倒装句、定语从句等，这些都为文章增添了亮点。语言简洁明快，表达清晰自然，给读者以耳目一新的感觉根据下面提示写一篇100词左右的说明文，向Mr.Smith介绍适合他租用的一处房子。(1)位于市中心商业区，交通便利，环境优美；(2)面积80平方米，宽敞明亮；(3)房间天然气、暖气、家具、空调等必备设施齐全；(4)房租价格合理，每月仅1 000元。其房子位置和户型如图所示：_答案：The house is on the fifth floor of a sixstorey building which is located
35、 at the crossroads made by the Garden Avenue and the Peace Avenue, two busiest streets in our city.Around it lie a supermarket, a hospital and a bus stop，so it is convenient for you to do shopping, see a doctor or travel.Whats more，the house covers an area of 80 m2 and contains one living room, two
36、bedrooms, one kitchen and one toilet.Besides，it is equipped with all the households and living facilities such as natural gas, heating system, furniture, air conditioners and so on.The rent is no more than 1，000 yuan per month，which is a real bargain.A级基础过关.用括号内词的适当形式或根据句意填空1I cut_ the meat for cook
37、ing meat balls.2There is_ alternative to this sick systembut we are choosing to ignore it.3The_(assume) that human clones have already been born hasnt been proved yet.4_ he often puts it，university education determines ones future.5Tom_(work) in the library every night over the last three months.6My
38、 interest in stamp collecting dates back _ my schooldays.7He had expected to give them a wonderful lecture，only_(disturb) by some naughty boys.8I failed again.If only I _(have) time to review my lessons.9The new drug has great_(significant) for the treatment of the disease.10It is time for us to loo
39、k _ the past and look_ to the future when the new year comes.11He is a_(skill) Englishspeaking professor.12At the end of her song，the audience jumped to their feet and_(applaud) wildly.13A lot of cars and crowds here made us feel hotter and_(dizzy)14We should work out a_(system) way to solve the pro
40、blem.15_(scratch) his head，Tom thought of a good idea.答案：1.up2.an3.assumption4.As5.has been working6to7.to be disturbed8.had had9.significance10back atahead11.skilful12.applauded13dizzier14.systematic15.Scratching.话题微写作将下列句子翻译成英语并连成一段意义完整、语言流畅的小短文(80词左右)。1这件事过去五年了。(date back to)2他厌倦了学习。(be fed up wi
41、th)3他不顾家人的反对，只身一人离开了家。(regardless of)4他认为自己能赚大钱。(assume)5(当时)他身上最多只有100元钱。(at most)6他到了上海后却发现诸事不顺。(only to do)7除了去偷、去抢外，他别无选择。(alternative)8最后他因为抢劫而被捕。(arrest)9如今他后悔了，要是能回到学校那该有多好！(if only)10他已决定要为将来打算，开始新的生活。(look ahead)_答案：This incident dates back to five years ago，when he was fed up with study.He
42、 left home alone regardless of objections from his family，assuming that he could make a fortune.He had at most 100 yuan on him and got to Shanghai，only to find nothing went well.He had no alternative but to steal and rob and was arrested for robbing at last.Now he regrets that if only he could go ba
43、ck to school！He has decided to look ahead and start a new life.B级能力提升.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。The ancient city is in Pingyao county，Shanxi Province.The city wall was first built during the Zhou Dynasty.Since 1997，it has been listed as a World Heritage Site.Now Pingyao city is the only
44、 one in China completely protected as it was hundreds of years ago.The perimeter(周长) of this square city is 6.4 km long and the city wall is the earliest and largest city wall in China.It is 12 m high with width of 5 mThe wall was built with earth and covered with bricks.Outside the city wall there
45、is a river, 4 m wide and 4 m deep.There are several gates of the city, two each on the east and west and one each on the south and north side.All the gates have two doors each.This has given the city the name “Turtle City” with the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail of t
46、he turtle and four gates on the east and west as the four legs.The doors on the south and north stand opposite each other, like the head of the turtle extending out and two wells just beyond the southern gate are like a turtles two eyes.Located on the trade route between Beijing and Xian, Pingyao de
47、veloped into a merchant center where the local people set up the nations earliest banks.These banks were the first in China to use checks.Several old courtyards have been turned into museums, most of which were homes and offices of Pingyaos old banks.One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here i
48、s realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.语篇解读本文介绍了中国唯一一座被保护完整的古城平遥。1What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe ancient cityPingyao.BChinas ancient financial centrePingyao.CThe city wall of Pingyao.DThe museums in Pingyao.解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段第一、三句“The ancient city is in
49、Pingyao county, Shanxi Province.”山西省平遥古城。 “Now Pingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it was hundreds of years ago.”现在平遥县是中国唯一一座被保护完整的古城，它有数百年的历史。故选A。答案：A2How many gates are there in Pingyao city?AFour.BFive.CSix. DSeven.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“two each on the east and west and one
50、each on the south and north side”在东、西各有两个门；在南、北各有一个门。故选C。答案：C3Which gate in Pingyao city stands for the head of the turtle?AThe gate on the north.BThe gate on the south.CThe gate on the east. DThe gate on the west.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail
51、of the turtle”在南边的门和北边的门分别是海龟的头和尾。故选B。答案：B4It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that_APingyao city played an important role in ancient Chinas financeBmuseums in Pingyao city are now used for bank officesCPingyao city was one of the largest cities in ancient ChinaDold banks in ancient Ping
52、yao city used checks only解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here is realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.”这里最不寻常的一个方面是它对中国的金融发展非常重要。故选A。答案：A.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Philadelphia is a city known for many things.It is
53、where the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, and it was also the first capital of the United States._1_ It is home to nearly 3，000 murals(壁画) painted on the sides of homes and buildings around the city.Therere more murals than any other city on Earth._2_More than 20 years ago, a New Jer
54、sey artist named Jane Golden started a program pairing troubled youth with artists to paint murals on a few buildings around the city._3_ The teenagers involved helped to create magnificent pieces of art, and there were other, even more important, benefits.The young people learned to cooperate and g
55、et along with many different kinds of people during the painting.They learned to be responsible, because they needed to follow a schedule to make sure the murals were completed._4_ It is hard for anyone to see the spectacular designs and not feel proud to be a part of Philadelphia.Take a walk around
56、 some of the poorest neighbourhoods in Philadelphia and you will find beautiful works of art on the sides and fronts of buildings.Of course the murals are not just in poor neighbourhoods, but richer ones as well.Special buses take tourists to different parts of the city to see the various murals, wh
57、ich show the diverse ethnic groups that call Philadelphia home.5_ It is also a model for other cities throughout America seeking to help troubled youth.AHow did this come to be?BWhat happened to the murals on earth?CThey also learned to take pride in their community.DBut one fact about Philadelphia
58、is not so wellknown.EFrom this small project, something magical happened.FThe program encouraged troubled youth to paint together with their teachers.GAs a result of its success, the mural program has now become the nations largest public art program.答案：1.D2.A3.E4.C5.G.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C
59、和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The phone call came one cool winter day.I was _1_that my father was seriously ill.It had been long since Id seen my father.Ever since his _2_from my mom, my father had lived alone in a small trailer in California, 500 miles away from me.The real _3_between us seemed so much great
60、er.I was in no hurry to _4_that, but somehow I heard myself _5_to the owner of the trailer to be there the next day.The whole drive down，_6_flashed through my mind.I remembered my father, the proud Marine.He made sure the first song I _7_was the Marine Hymn(美国海军陆战队队歌)He tore off the Christmas_8_all
61、the decorations the rest of us had_9_and rehung them so there was_10_the same space between them.But we didnt need to_11_those military orders, as we were not soldiers.I remembered _12_the battles he had with my mother.I remembered hoping to hear my father say _13_once, “I love you, Patty，” only to
62、have him_14_at me, “You cant do anything right！”And now here I was standing outside his trailer, trying to _15_my courage to face him one more time.I knocked on the door, my hand and my whole body _16_No answer.Slowly I opened the door.I took a few _17_inside and stopped, too shocked to believe my e
63、yes.My father was sitting on his sofa, looking confused and crying.This wasnt the _18_man I had known growing up.He seemed broken.A sense of_19_overtook me, and I knew what I had to do.He would be my father forever.Without _20_， I went inside and packed up all of my fathers things.I would take him t
64、o my homeour home.语篇解读本文作者以倒叙的手法回忆了小时候父亲对家庭不负责任，但是当他得知父亲病重的时候，仍然去看望父亲并且决定把他带回家好好照顾，因为他是作者的父亲血浓于水的亲情是永远化不开的。1A.reminded BconvincedCinformed Dwarned解析：在一个寒冷的冬天，我被告知父亲病得很重。答案：C2A.divorce BdifferenceCabsence Dresult解析：自从他和妈妈离婚以后，他就独自一人居住在加利福尼亚的一辆房车里，离我500英里。答案：A3A.difficulty BdistanceCchallenge Dpain解析：
65、我们之间真正的距离还要大。因为前句叙述我和父亲相距500英里，这已经是很远的距离了。但是我们内心的隔阂比这500英里还要大。答案：B4A.destroy BdistanceCincrease Dchange解析：我并不着急改变这一切，但是不知何故我还是听见我自己对房车的主人承诺明天就去那里看望他。答案：D5A.announce BexplainCpromise Dapologize解析：见上题解析。答案：C6A.memories BdoubtsCsigns Dmessages解析：根据本段接下来几句中的“I remembered.”可知这些都是作者在回忆过去的事情，所以都应该是memory。答
66、案：A7A.performed BlearnedCadmired Dcomposed解析：句意：他确保我学习的第一首歌是美国海军陆战队队歌。答案：B8A.box BgiftCtree Dcake解析：根据Christmas以及后面的decoration，可知父亲把我们辛辛苦苦装饰好的圣诞树都撕坏了。答案：C9A.taken up Bmade upCrang up Dput up解析：put up“张贴，搭建，整理”。本句使用put up与圣诞树搭配，表示我们在家里搭建起圣诞树。答案：D10A.uniquely BexactlyCproperly Dspecially解析：本句是在叙述父亲的古板
67、，他要所有装饰之间的空间完全一样。故B项正确。答案：B11A.master BobeyCadmit Drecite解析：但是我们不必服从这些军队里的规则，因为我们不是士兵。答案：B12A.eventually BsuddenlyCclearly Dregularly解析：我清楚地记得他和妈妈之间的战役。告诉我们“我”清楚记得妈妈和爸爸之间经常会产生矛盾。答案：C13A.just BalwaysCseldom Dever解析：我记得我曾多么希望爸爸哪怕只对我说一次“我爱你，Patty”。本句用just加强语气。答案：A14A.point BlookClaugh Dimprove解析：我记得我曾多
68、么希望爸爸哪怕只对我说一次“我爱你，Patty”，结果却听到他嘲笑我“你什么也做不好”。答案：C15A.show BgatherCsupport Dimprove解析：现在我就站在房车外面，努力鼓足勇气去面对他。动词gather和courage连用，表示鼓足勇气。答案：B16A.softening BrelaxingCaching Dshaking解析：我敲门的时候，我的手和整个身体都在颤抖。本句说明作者再一次面对父亲时的紧张。故D项正确。答案：D17A.steps BmeasuresCturns Djumps解析：慢慢地，我打开门，我向里面走了几步，停了下来，我不敢相信我的眼睛。本句使用take steps表示我走了几步进入房车里。答案：A18A.selfish BangryCmild Dstrange解析：他已经不再是我成长时候所知道的那个容易生气的人了，他似乎摇摇欲坠。答案：B19A.sorrow BfearCpride Danger解析：一种难受的感觉弥漫我的全身，我知道自己必须怎么做。看到父亲如此衰弱，我很难过。答案：A20A.effort BpityChesitation Drest解析：毫不犹豫，我走了进去，整理好父亲所有的物品，我要带他回家。本句说明作者看见父亲的情况，决定把父亲接回去照顾。故C项正确。答案：C
