1、英语的一般语序是主语+谓语，如果把谓语的全部或是一部分放在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装。倒装有两种形式：谓语全部放在主语之前叫完全倒装；只将助动词、情态动词、系动词提前叫部分倒装。观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装。(1)Here comes the bus.(2)In she came.(3)South of the river lies a small factory.(4)Such are the facts.(5)There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.(6)Present at the party were M
2、r.Green and many other guests.规则1：表方位的副词 here,there,out,in,up,down,away,off等放在句首，而主语是名词时，句子则完全倒装，如：(1)。但是，当主语是人称代词时，主谓语序不变，如：(2)。规则2：地点状语位于句首时，为了避免头重脚轻，常将谓语置于主语之前，进行完全倒装，如：(3)。规则3：为了使上下文联系紧密，常将such,the following 放于句首，而句子的谓语动词置于主语之前进行完全倒装，如：(4)。规则4：there be句型中，用完全倒装。此时，结构中的be可用lie/exist/stand/live/se
3、em 等动词替代，如：(5)。规则5：有时为了突出或强调主语，可用“表语系动词主语”的完全倒装结构，如：(6)观察句子，说出他们是哪种情况下的倒装(1)By no means can he catch up in such a short time.(2)He is active in personality,and seldom does he stay indoors.(4)Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off.(5)Not until all the fish died in the river did the v
4、illagers realize how serious the pollution was.(6)Neither did I want to see the film nor did I buy the ticket.(7)Only in this way can you learn English well.(8)Were I there,they would listen to me.(9)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems.(10)Not only do
5、es he like English,but also he learns it well.规则1：含有否定意义的副词或短语，如：few,little,never,not,not until,nowhere,rarely,seldom,hardly/scarcelywhen，no sooner(than)，not only(but also),at no time,by no means等，放在句首时，句子须部分倒装，如：(1)(2)(4)(5)(6)【特别提醒】若原句中没有助动词，必须根据谓语动词的具体时态来确定相应的助动词do,does 或did，如：(2)。not until提前时，必须
6、同时将until后面的全部内容提前，如：(5)。规则2：so/as/neither/nor 位于句首,连接两种相同的情况时，所连接的并列分句需用部分倒装。规则3：“only 副词/介词短语/状语从句”放在句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(7)。规则4：在虚拟语气条件句中，从句谓语有助动词were,had,should时，可将if 省略，而把 were,had,should 移到句首，如：(8)。规则5：在“sothat”和“suchthat”结构中，将“soadj.”和“suchn.”提到句首时，句子须用部分倒装，如：(9)。句子的一部分成分(通常是表语或状语)提前，但主谓语序不变。1、否定词n
7、o matter连接的让步状语从句的句式“No matter how/wh 主语 谓语”，如 No matter how late it is,she often waits for him.2.how和what引起的感叹句(1)How 形容词/副词主语谓语，如：How blue the sky looks!(2)What 形容词名词主语谓语，如：What a clever boy he is!3、As让步状语从句（as可用though代替）Child as he is,he knows a lot.Good as he is,he will never be top of his class
8、.Hard as works,he makes little progress.Try he might,he could not find a job.Exercises:1.Not until all the fish died in the river_ how serious the pollution was.A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize2.It was not until 1920_ regul
9、ar radio broadcasts began.A.while B.which C.that D.since3.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in all my life_ so happy.A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt 4.Why cant I smoke here?At no time _ in the meeting-room.A.is smoking permittedB.smoking is permitted C.smoking is it permitt
10、edD.does smoking permit 5.No sooner _ than it began to rain heavily.A.the game beganB.has the game begun C.did the game beginD.had the game begun6.Do you know Tom bought a new car?I dont know,_.A.nor dont I careB.nor do I careC.I dont care neitherD.I dont care also7._ can you expect to get a pay ris
11、e.A.With hard work B.Although work hard C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard8.Now_ Sallys turn to keep guard.A.there is B.is going C.has come Des9.Not only_ polluted but_ crowded.A.was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streets C.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;
12、the streets were10.So_ that no fish can live in it.A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow11.Little_ about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared12.Was it in 1969_ the American astronaut
13、succeeded _ landing on the moon.A.when;on B.that;on C.when;in D.that;in13._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not14.-David has made great progress recently.-_,and_.A.So he has;so you have B.So he has;so have you C.So has he;so have you D.So has he;so you have15.Here _the good news for every man and every woman who _in the town.A.is;live B.is;lives C.are;live D.are;livesHomework:1.Review Version2.Finish English weekly
