1、Section Grammar 直接引语与间接引语()祈使句新知导引1(教材P12)“Look at this example，” the teacher said to us.The teacher told_us_to_look at that example.2(教材P12)“Would you like to see my flat？” she asked. She asked_me_to_see_her flat.3“Dont look out of the window, boys，” said the teacher.The teacher told_the_boys_not_t
2、o_look out of the window.4He said, “How clever the child is！”He said_how clever the child was.语法详解1祈使句的直接引语变间接引语，祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词宾语动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有ask, tell, beg, warn, remind, advise, order等。引述表示警告或提醒的祈使句用remind, warn等词转述。*“Take an umbrella in case of rain.”his mother said to him.His mother remind
3、ed him to take an umbrella in case of rain.*The leader said to the workers, “Dont speak while working.”The leader warned the workers not to speak while working.名师点津(1)无论是否定祈使句，还是表示委婉语气的否定疑问句，在变为间接引语时，要用不定式的否定形式：引述表示命令的祈使句，变间接引语时常采用ask/tell/order sb.(not) to do sth.的形式。*“Finish the task in ten minute
4、s.” the manager said to the clerk.The manager told the clerk to finish the task in ten minutes.*“Keep silent！” the chairman said to the students.The chairman ordered the students to keep silent.当直接引语为表示建议、提议、请求、劝告的祈使句(或表示请求、提议、劝告、建议的疑问句)时，多用suggestdoing/that从句(如suggest后接that从句时，从句使用虚拟语气should动词原形，sh
5、ould也可省略)，及ask/advise/want/beg sb.to do等结构。*Mary said, “Lets go to the art exhibition this afternoon.”Mary suggested going to the art exhibition that afternoon.Mary suggested that we (should) go to the art exhibition that afternoon.*“Please have a rest.” She said to us.She asked us to have a rest.(2
6、)直接引语中的称呼语变为间接引语时，一般把它当作主句谓语动词的宾语用。*She said, “Dont make so much noise, children！”She told the children not to make so much noise.2感叹句的直接引语变间接引语，直接引语为感叹句时，间接引语可用what或how引导，也可以用that引导。*“What a beautiful dress it is！” the girl said to her friend.The girl told her friend what a beautiful dress it was.“
7、How lovely the girl is！” he said.He said how lovely the girl was.,考情分析祈使句的直接引语变间接引语是间接引语的考查重点，会结合非谓语动词中的动词不定式考查。注意：若祈使句中没有称呼语，应根据句子给动词ask, tell, order等补上适当的宾语。例如：“Watch carefully，” he said.He told us to watch carefully.即时训练.单句填空1She said to me, “Have lunch with us.”She asked me to_have (have) lunch
8、with them.2“Dont be late again, Mary，” he said.He told Mary not_to_be (be) late again.3“Listen to the teacher carefully in class！” said Mr. Wang to his son.Mr. Wang told his son to_listen (listen) to the teacher carefully in class.将直接引语改为间接引语1She said to her daughter, “Dont forget to turn off the li
9、ght when you leave the room！”She told her daughter not_to_forget_to_turn_off_the_light_when_she_left_the_room.2“Come early tomorrow, Jim，” he said.He told Jim to_come_early_the_next_day.3“Dont make any noise，” said Mrs. Gao to the children.Mrs. Gao told the children not_to_make_any_noise. 把直接引语变为间接引
10、语或间接引语变为直接引语1The English teacher said to us, “Dont talk in class！”The English teacher warned us not_to_talk in class.2William said to his sister, “Dont touch my toys.”William warned his sister not_to_touch_his toys.3“Set down these useful English sentences，”Miss Lee said to us.Miss Lee told us to_se
11、t_down_those useful English sentences.4“Dont play the video games any longer！” Mr. Green said to his son.Mr. Green asked his son not_to_play the video games any longer.5Tony asked the girl to show him how to use the new cellphone.“Please_show_me how to use the new cellphone，” Tony said to the girl.单
12、句改错1Mr Smith said Mary isnt angry judging from the expression on her face.isntwasnt2Mother told her children to not play computer games frequently.to_notnot_to3The doctor suggested that it was quite necessary for her to keep a healthy diet because of her obesity(肥胖)was(should)_be4The teacher asked T
13、om come up to the blackboard and write down English eto_come5Li Hua asked his deskmate that he played an important role in the movie directed by Zhang Yimou.thatif/whether.语法与写作1杰克告诉我聚会不要迟到。Jack_told_me_not_to_be_late_for_the_gettogether.2老师让我们明天早上交作业。The_teacher_asked_us_to_hand_in_our_homework_the
14、_next_morning.3妈妈告诉我在爸爸睡觉时不要弹吉他。Mother_told_me_not_to_play_the_guitar_while_my_father_was_sleeping.4格林太太要求她丈夫五点以前回家。Mrs_Green_requested_her_husband_to_go_back_home_before_5_oclock.5我警告孩子们不要靠近那条大狗。I_warned_the_children_not_to_get_close_to_the_big_dog.课时作业(八)Unit 2Section Grammar 直接引语与间接引语()祈使句授课提示：对应
15、学生用书117页.语法与写作1The teacher told the student to_set_down what he said.老师要这个学生记下他所说的话。(set)2She asked him to_add_up all the numbers.她要他把所有的数字都加起来。(add)3The father told his children not_to_join_in that activity.父亲告诉孩子们不要参加那个活动。(join)4The manager ordered his workers to_give_up_the_plan.经理命令工人们放弃这项计划。(gi
16、ve)5The guide advised the tourist to_pack_up and start out.导游建议游客打包好并且启程。(pack)6The chairman suggested we (should)_get_along_well_with_each_other and work hard to achieve our goal.主席建议我们应该友好相处，并且努力工作来实现我们的目标。(get)7Please ask the neighbours not_to_make_so_much_noise.请叫邻居们不要这样喧哗。(make)8The mother warn
17、ed her child not_to_get_too_close_to the water.妈妈告诫孩子不要太靠近水边。(get).阅读理解Towards the end of Middle English, a sudden change in pronunciation started, with vowels(元音) pronounced shorter and shorter. From the 16th century the British had contact(接触) with many people from around the world. This meant tha
18、t many new words and phrases entered the language. The invention of printing also meant that there was now a common language in print. Books became cheaper and more people learned to read. Spelling and grammar became fixed, and the dialect of London became the standard. In 1604 the first English dic
19、tionary came out.Early Modern English and Late Modern English are mostly different in the number of words. Late Modern English has many more words, mainly because of the following two reasons: First, the Industrial Revolution(工业革命) led to the need for new words. Second, the British Empire covered on
20、e quarter of the earths surface, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.From around 1600, the English colonization(殖民地化)of North America led to American English. Some English pronunciations and words froze when they reached America. In some ways, American English is more
21、like the English of Shakespeare than modern British English. Some expressions that are called “Americanisms” are in fact from British expressions. They were kept in the colonies while lost for a time in Britain. Spanish also had an influence on American English. For example, words like canyon, ranch
22、, stampede and vigilante are from Spanish. French words and West African words(through the slave trade) also influenced American English.Today, American English has a greater influence, because of the USAs movies, television, popular music, trade and technology.【语篇解读】本文介绍了英语的发展史。1The main difference
23、 between Early and Late Modern English lies in _.AvocabularyBspellingCgrammar Dpronunciation答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Early Modern English and Late Modern English are mostly different in the number of words.”可推知答案。2What helped to increase the vocabulary of Later Modern English?athe invention of printingbt
24、he Industrial Revolutioncthe colonizationdthe contact with other countriesAa，b，c Ba，c，dCa，b，d Db，c，d答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段的“mainly because of the following two reasons: First, the Industrial Revolution (工业革命) led to the need for new words. Second, the British Empire covered one quarter of the earths sur
25、face, and the English language took in foreign words from many countries.”可推知答案。3What does the underlined word “froze”in Paragraph 3 mean?ARemained unchanged. BDisappeared.CImproved. DKept active.答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Some expressions that are called Americanisms are in fact from British expressions.”
26、可推知答案。4The third paragraph mainly talks about _.Adifferent kinds of EnglishBEnglish colonies in North AmericaCother language is influence on American EnglishDthe difference between American English and British English答案与解析：C主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Spanish also had an influence on American English. For example,
27、 words like canyon, ranch, stampede and vigilante are from Spanish. French words and West African words(through the slave trade) also influenced American English.”可推知答案。.阅读填句Taking notes is very important in high school. If you dont take notes, you may find it difficult to go over the lessons. _1_ Y
28、ou need to get some skills in order to take perfect notes. Here are some tips to help you.Try not to overdo it. Some students like writing down every word. _2_ If you want to write down every word, you may miss the most important points. Some people learn well by listening carefully, writing down a
29、few key points, and then going over the material after class when they have more time. So just make sure that youve written down the most important points.Ask your teacher to repeat something. _3_ If youve missed something or the teacher is going too fast, you can raise your hand and ask your teache
30、r to repeat it. Chances are if you missed something, one of your classmates might have missed too. So theres nothing wrong with asking for something to be repeated._4_ Reviewing or recopying your notes when you get home can help you remember what you have learnt during the day. Do the notes youve ta
31、ken match up with(匹配) your textbook? You can also compare your notes with a friend. This helps you remember the most important points and can help when preparing for a test or an exam.Review your notes from time to time. If you dont review your notes, you may forget what you have learned. But if you
32、 review your notes regularly, youll remember well what youve learned. This can help you a lot when you have to take a test or an exam._5_AThis is not a good idea.BIt is helpful to some students.CDont forget to review your notes.DReview your notes on the same day.EHowever, not everyone knows how to t
33、ake notes.FYou dont have to stay up late to go over your notes.GSome students are afraid of stopping a teacher in class.【语篇解读】高中生在课堂上做笔记的时候要抓住重点，课后要复习那些要点。1答案与解析：E前面提到了做笔记很重要，此处用转折语气，表示不是每个人都知道怎么做笔记。所以后面说“You need to get some skills in order to take perfect notes”。2答案与解析：A根据“If you want to write dow
34、n every word, you may miss the most important points.”可知，作者认为想把每一个字都记下不是什么好主意。3答案与解析：G根据第三段的“If youve missed something or the teacher is going too fast, you can raise your hand and ask your teacher to repeat it.”可知，有的同学害怕在课堂上打断老师，但如果你遗漏了重要的知识，或者老师讲得太快了，你可以举手让老师重复。4答案与解析：D根据“Reviewing or recopying yo
35、ur notes when you get home can help you remember what you have learnt during the day.”可知，作者建议当天回家后就要复习那些笔记内容。5答案与解析：F根据“This can help you a lot when you have to take a test or an exam.”可知，定期复习笔记能帮助考试，你不再需要熬夜看笔记了。.完形填空I think that sleeping is the most wonderful thing in the world. While _1_I do nothi
36、ng, but close my eyes, leaving all my work behind. In fact, I _2_get up early nearly every morning.My classes begin at 8：00, but the teacher asks us to arrive before 7：15 so we have _3_time to prepare for the class. If you are _4_， youll lose one point. And when you reach 10 _5_， parents visit to sc
37、hool will be a must. Though I think its _6_， I still dont want to lose any points.One morning, my alarm clock _7_. I woke up with a _8_and found that it was already 7：00. What was worse, I lost six points in a _9_， that is to say, I was late every day that week. My teacher said angrily that he _10_m
38、e to be late. My friends joked that my _11_ was coming soon. I finally _12_to do something. I bought a new _13_. It sings songs on time, _14_I shut it down.Its perfect for a lazy cat like me. When I _15_it for the first time, I successfully got up at 6：00 the next morning. Proud of _16_， I took a de
39、ep breath and found that the early morning air is surprisingly _17_. I did some reading, finding that English is really beautiful. I hadnt realized _18_that the morning is so wonderful.“Life is _19_a box of chocolates. You never know what youre going to get.” Just as Forrest Gump said, sometimes we
40、should break our _20_. You may find that a new way can change things for the better.【语篇解读】作者上课经常迟到，可自从换了个新闹钟之后，开始早起并且发现了早晨时光的美好，从而也爱上了晨读英语。最后作者也悟出了一定的道理：有时我们应该打破以前的习惯，做出适当的改变，那样可能会发现一种新的方式会把事情改变得更好。1A.tired BasleepCsilent Dawake答案与解析：B根据后面闭上眼睛什么都不做，可知是当我睡觉的时候，asleep入睡，故答案选B。2A.ought to Bwas able toC
41、used to Dhave to答案与解析：D根据下一段的叙述，课是8点开始，而作者的老师要求7：15前到校，可知是不得不早起，故答案选D。3A.enough BnoCmany Dany答案与解析：A从7：15到8：00有足够的时间准备功课，故答案选A。many修饰可数名词复数，可以排除。4A.lazy BsleepyClate Dnoisy答案与解析：C老师要求7：15之前必须到校，因此所要表达的意思是：如果迟到，就要扣掉一分。故答案为C。5A.times BpointsCdays Dclasses答案与解析：B上文说迟到一次就扣掉一分，因此当达到10分时，父母就一定要到学校来了。故本题选B
42、。6A.surprising BimpossibleCinteresting Dboring答案与解析：D由后半句的转折“依旧不希望自己被扣分”可知我认为老师的规定是令人厌烦的，故选D。7A.failed BliedCsounded Ddisappeared答案与解析：A后文说起床后就已经7点了，而老师要求7：15前到校，由此可知闹钟坏了，故选A。8A.jump BthoughtCstart Ddream答案与解析：C我猛地醒来发现已经7点了，故选C。9A.class BdayCweek Dmonth答案与解析：C后文解释说那周我每天都迟到，因此是一周已失了6分，故答案为C。10A.belie
43、ved BexpectedCadvised Dhoped答案与解析：B我的老师生气地说他期望我再次迟到，扣到10分后可以叫家长来学校。故选B。11A.exam BmistakeCduty Dday答案与解析：D上文提到如果扣掉10分就要请家长到学校里来，我已扣了6分了，因此我的朋友开玩笑说我被叫家长的日子不久就要来到了。故选D。12A.decided BwantedCoffered Dtried答案与解析：A经过了六天的迟到后我最终决定做一些事情。故选A。13A.alarm clock BschoolbagCwatch Dbike答案与解析：A上文提到闹钟坏了导致上学迟到，因此应是买了个新的闹
44、钟。故选A。14A.as if Bas thoughCeven if Donly if答案与解析：C下一段说新闹钟对于像我这样的懒猫是很好的，因此本句句意是：即使我关掉闹钟，它也会按时响铃的。故选C。15A.had BusedCwatched Dbought答案与解析：B当第一次用新闹钟时，第二天早晨我成功地6点钟就起来了。16A.itself BthemCmyself Dus答案与解析：C因为早起之后发现空气清新，还可以读读英语，也从而发现了英语的美。因此我为自己感到自豪。故选C。17A.cool BwarmCcomfortable Dfresh答案与解析：D早晨的空气是清新的，故选D。18A.after ByetCago Dbefore答案与解析：D以前总是起得晚，从没发现早晨是如此美好，故选D。19A.as BlikeCfrom Dwith答案与解析：B正如阿甘正传中所说的“生活就像一盒巧克力，你永远不知道下一颗是什么味道”。be like像，符合句意。20A.rules BideasChabits Ddreams答案与解析：C有时我们应该打破以前的习惯(habit)，做出适当的改变，那样可能会发现一种新的方式会把事情改变得更好。rule“规则，条例”；idea“想法，主意”；dream“梦想”。
