1、Unit 1Great scientistsUsing language高二人教新课标版必修五Listening and speaking1 What do you know about Qian Xuesen?Before you listen to the tape,look at the picture and the exercises and predict the content of the listening.Qian is one of the pioneers of Chinas space science.A world-famous expert on aerospac
2、e rockets and aerodynamics,Qian has obtained great attainments in the areas of applied mechanics,engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking.He plays a leading role in the research,manufacture
3、and testing of carrier rockets,guided missiles and satellites.Due to research and development led by Qian,China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964,launched its first man-made satellite in 1970,fired its first transcontinental ballistic missile toward the Pacific in 1980,and launched i
4、ts first manned spacecraft on Oct.15,2003.2.Listen to Parts 1 and 2 of the tape for the first time an write down the main idea.Then fill the following chart.Qian Xuesens experiencefirststudied at university to _.laterwent to America to study for _.space program in Chinano work on space rockets befor
5、e he _ in China to design and build rockets to go into space.be an engineerhis doctors degreebegan his institute3 Now listen to Part 1 again and answer these questions.1 What did Qian Xuesen study first?Qian Xuesen first studied to be an engineer.2 What experience did he get in America that was usef
6、ul for China?In America he began to work on space rockets so that he was able to develop a space programme when he came back to China.3 What was Qian Xuesens main achievement when he returned to China?When Qian Xuesen returned to China he set up a space institute to begin training people in how to d
7、esign and build rockets.Chinas achievements in spaceSteve Smiths ambitions4.Listen to Part 2 and fill in the chart below.Chinas achievements in space1.Chinese astronauts in space2.Chinese satellites in spaceSteve Smiths ambitions1.become rocket scientist2.be the first to land on Mars and put Qin Xue
8、sens picture thereReading and writingCOPERNICUS REVOLUTIONARY THEORY CopernicusBrief introductionWe know the first scientist is Copernicus.He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information.He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and ot
9、her planets went around it.Birth:February 19,1473Death:May 24,1543Place of Birth:Toru,PolandCareer:1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Krakw Academy 1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of Bologna1514 Wrote Commentariolus,an outline of his astronomical ideas,but did not circu
10、late it widely1543 Published De RevolutionibusOrbium Coelestium(On the Revolutions of the Celestial)1.At Copernicus time,Christian Church was in charge of many western countries.2.Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth,some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.3.Copernicus didnt
11、show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.TFTTask 1 True or False4.His friends were not interested in his ideas.5.Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church,Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.6.Newton,Einstein,and Hawking are all scientists
12、 who made contribution to the study of the universe.FFTBecause the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.1.Why could he not tell about his theory?Task 2 Answer these questions.2.What was his theory about?All his mathematical calculations led to the same c
13、onclusion:that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.3.What had the astronomers noticed in the sky?They had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop,move backward and then go forward in a
14、 loop.Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.4.How did he explain changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars?He placed a fixed sun at the centre of thesolar system with the planets going roundit and only the moon still going round theearth.He also
15、suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round it and thisexplain changes in the movement of theplanets and in the brightness of the stars.5.Why do people think that there is a direct link between his ideas and the work of Isaac Newton,Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking?Because his theory i
16、s now the base onwhich all our ideas of the universe arebuilt.His theory replaced the Christianidea of gravity,which said things fell toearth because God created the earth asthe centre of the universe.He showedthis was obviously wrong.He published his theory as he lay dying in 1543.6.When did Copern
17、icus publish his theory?Students give their own answers.7.Do you think its right for Copernicus to publish his theory that late?Before Copernicus theoryShowing Copernicus theory1 Use the reading passage to help you draw the two theories of the universe.Before Copernicus theoryShowing Copernicus theo
18、ryThe Earth was stationary at the center of the solar system,and the Sun and planets revolved around it.The Sun is stationary at the center of the solar system,and the Earth and the other planets orbit around it.If you were NicolausCopernicus,would you have hidden your theory for so many years?Discu
19、ssion As a scientist,one should be brave.But Copernicus was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church.So he had hidden his theory for so many years.What do you think of this?Agree:1.He was cautious.if he had published his ideas,he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burned to death b
20、ecause his theory was against the Christian Church.2.Every time when a new idea appears,there are always rejections.Its normal.Scientists should have patience to spread their truth.3.It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a hurry.He was just cautious not coward.He should protect himself f
21、irst.Disagree:1.Copernicus was very coward.He should speak out his discovery and let the world know the truth earlier.2.Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs.3.As a scientist,you must have the courage to publish your findings.No matter how people oppose them,time
22、will show if your ideas are right or wrong.3.Now write a short letter asking Copernicus to publish his ideas so everyone can read them.First,in pairs brainstorm some reasons why he should publish his theory.For example:He believes his new theory is true.There are problems with the present theory.He
23、has done many years of observations to prove his new theory is true.Science cant develop unless people publish their ideas.Second,make a plan.For example:Paragraph 1:Tell Copernicus who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas.Paragraph 2:The first reason.(egproblems with the present theory
24、)Paragraph 3:The second reason.(egscience cannot develop unless people publish their ideas)Conclusion:Ask him again to reconsider publishing his ideas.One possible version:Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar sy
25、stem.I hope you will publish it for several reasons.I understand the problems with the present theory.The way the planets move is not what you would expect ifif the earth was the certre of the universe.It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change.So I agree with you that we need
26、a new theory.I know your observations have been very carefully carried out over many years.Now you must have the courage to publish them.Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs.I know you worry about what will happen if you publish your new theory.No matter how people oppose it,time will show if your ideas are right or wrong.So I hope you will feel you can publish your new theory.Yours sincerely,Zhang HuaHomeworkSurf the Internet and get more information about Copernicus.http:/
