1、Unit 3 Life in the futureSection Grammar过去分词(短语)作状语语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 1.Worried about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.2.Well-known for their expertise，his parents company，called“Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.3.Hit by a lack of fresh air，my he
2、ad ached.4.Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.语 境 自 主 领 悟 后自主感悟 1.例句 1、3、4 中的过去分词短语在句中作状语。2.例句 2 中的过去分词短语在句中作状语。伴随原因语 法 精 要 点 拨 一、过去分词(短语)作状语，表示被动或完成的动作 可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。1作时间状语过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个 when，while，after，once等引导的时间状语从句。Once published(Once it is published)，the dictionary wil
3、l be very popular.一旦出版，这本词典将大受欢迎。2作原因状语过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个 as，since，because 等引导的原因状语从句。Absorbed in painting(Because John was absorbed in painting)，John didnt notice evening approaching.由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。3作条件状语过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个 if，unless 等引导的条件状语从句。Given another hour(If I am given another hour),I can
4、also work out this problem.如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。4作让步状语过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个 though，although，even if/though 等引导的让步状语从句。Beaten by the opposite team(Though we were beaten by the opposite team)，we didnt lose heart and encouraged each other.虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。5作方式或伴随状语过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。The old m
5、an got on the bus，supported by a girl(and he was supported by a girl)在一位姑娘的搀扶下，老人上了公共汽车。过去分词作状语的注意事项(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如 when，though，although，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once 等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。If(I am)invited，I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子
6、的主语要一致。Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow，he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.(Raised in.Glasgow 的逻辑主语是 he)因为是在 Glasgow 最贫穷的地区被抚养大，成为一名足球明星，他走过了一段很长很艰苦的路。(3)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有：satisfied，surprised，interested，moved，worried，pleased，disappointed 等。Disappointed at the examinat
7、ion results，the girl stood there without saying a word.因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那儿一句话也没说。名师点津 值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)。Lost in thought，he didnt hear the bell.由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。即时演练 1单句语法填空If we ca
8、n do as(mention)above，there will be no doubt that we can master English.There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory(compare)with those who have no musical paredmentionedWhen(expose)to stress，in whatever form，all of us react both chemically and physically.(dev
9、ote)to his science research，he has enjoyed fame all over the world.Devotedexposed二、过去分词的独立结构作状语过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立结构，过去分词的独立结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件等。Much time spent sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.在办公桌前坐得太久，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。即时演练 2
10、用独立主格结构作状语改写句子After the lecture was given，a lively questionandanswer session followed.The lecture given，a lively questionandanswer session followed.The factory produced many famous cars，none of which were shipped to foreign countries.Because extra money was given to the poor，he felt very happy.The f
11、actory produced many famous cars，none of them shippedExtra money given to the poor，he felt very happy.to foreign countries.三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。巧学助记 分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing，被动用ed。Seen from the top floor，the garden looks
12、 more beautiful.从顶层看去，花园看起来更漂亮了。Seeing from the top floor，we can find the garden more beautiful.从顶层看，我们能发现花园更漂亮。名师点津 无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。If caught，the police will punish the thief.()If caught，the thief will be punished by the police.()If the thief is caught，the
13、 police will punish him.()即时演练 3单句语法填空When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，(tell)me stories till I fell asleep.Where is Jimmy?Just now I saw him sitting under the tree，(absorb)in his video games.(ask)why he was late，he cried.(hear)the joke，I couldnt help laughing.tellingabsorbedAskedHea
14、ring语 法 应 用 落 实.单句语法填空1(leave)to himself，the baby began to cry.2She accepted the gift，deeply (move)3We went to the cinema，(fill)with excitement.4Once (pour)，water cannot be taken back.Leftmovedfilledpoured5(see)those pictures，he couldnt help thinking of those days in his hometown.6(absorb)in the res
15、earch work，he had no time to make any trip.7The old man lay on the beach at ease，(expose)to the sun.exposedSeeingAbsorbed8Generally speaking，when(take)according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.9When (ask)about the secret of his success，Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his suc
16、cess and happiness to his wife and children.10Clearly and thoughtfully (write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.takenaskedwritten.用过去分词短语完成句子 1因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。，this article was not so good.2由于受到所取得的成绩的鼓励，他工作更努力了。he has made，he works harder.Encouraged by the progressWritten in a hurry3尽管被警告过有暴风雨，农民们仍然在田地里劳作。Though，the farmers were still working in the fields.4老师走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。a group of students，the teacher entered the classroom.5因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。，he didnt hear the sound.Lost in deep thoughtwarned of the stormFollowed byThank you for watching!
