1、2021高考英语语法填空精读精炼(十五)Part 1:文本欣赏Good newsThe secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me. I felt very nervous when. I went into his office. He did not look up from his desk when I entered. After I had sat down, he said that business was very bad.He told me that the firm could not afford to pay
2、 such large salaries. Twenty people had already left. I knew that my turn had come. “Mr. Harmsworth,” I said in a weak voice. ”Dont interrupt,” he said. Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!Part 2:文本解析 一)词汇学习Word study1.nervous adj.(1)神经质的,神经紧张的:She is a nervous
3、 woman. Do you see that nervous smile on her face?她是个神经质的女人。你看见她脸上那种神经质的微笑了吗?(2)紧张的,担心的,情绪不安的:I feel very nervous before exams.我在考试前感到非常紧张。He had never spoken in public, so he was very nervous.他从未当众讲过话,因此他非常紧张。(3)与nervous容易混淆的另一个词是 irritable(易怒的,急躁的):Our teacher is an irritable old lady. She gets an
4、gry easily.我们的老师是位脾气急躁的老太太。她很容易生气2.afford vt.(1)买得起(常与can连用):We can/cant afford a car this year.我们今年买得起/买不起小汽车。(2)担负得起(损失、后果等),花得起(时间)(常与can连用):I cant afford to be ill again.我不能再病了。I can only afford one week for the trip.我只能为这次旅行抽出一周的时间。(3)提供,给予:Joe afforded us a room for the night.那天晚上乔为我们提供了一个房间过夜
5、。二)课文详注1.The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me.秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。would 在这里不是表示单纯的过去将来时,而是表示“想”、“要”的意思:What would you like to have?你想要吃(喝)什么?John wouldnt lend me his bicycle.约翰不愿意把他的自行车借给我。2.He did not look up from his desk when I entered. 我进去的时候,他连头也没抬。在这句话的look up中,look是它的本义“看”、“瞧”。
6、look up一般表示原先在埋头干什么之后抬头看:He looked up(fromhis book)when he heard a noise.他听到声音后就抬起了头。(原先在读书)3.I knew that my turn had come. 我知道这次该轮到我了。turn在这里是名词,意为“轮流”、“轮班”、“(依次轮流时各自的)一次机会”:I have already asked two questions. Now its your turn.我已经问了两个问题。该轮到你了。When his turn came,he couldnt speak any word.轮到他时,他却一个字
7、也说不出来。4.Mr. Harmsworth,I said in a weak voice.“哈姆斯沃斯先生,”我无力地说。weak在这里不是指身体虚弱,而是指声音“微弱”、“无力”,因为怕被开除而感到紧张。5.Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!然后他微笑了一下告诉我说,我每年将得到1,000英镑的额外收入。(1)extra 表示“额外的”、“外加的”、“份外的”:On Sundays, I usually get some extra sleep.星期天我通常要多睡一会儿。La
8、st month, he was paid an extra hundred pounds.他上个月多得了100英镑。(2)a在这里可译为“每一”:I went to London once a month.我每月去一次伦敦。Jack telephoned Pauline four times a day.杰克每天给波琳打4次电话。三)语法 间接引语(Indirect speech)把某人所说的话告诉另外一个人时,应该使用间接引语(有的语法书称之为“转述引语”)。引述动词(如say,tell)可能是现在时,也可能是过去时(最常用)。间接陈述句的时态往往受引述动词的影响。引述陈述句时最常用的动词
9、是say和tell。它们之间的区别是tell后面必须跟表示人称的间接宾语(tell sb.),而say后面则可跟或不跟to +讲话对象。如果需要提到听话者,tell +间接宾语通常比say + to +sb. 更常用。在say和tell后面一般不可加逗号。如果间接引语中的引述动词是现在时,那么其后的时态通常与原来口头陈述句的时态相同。转述刚刚说完的话时通常如此;引述动词如果是过去时,那么间接引语中的时态通常要“往回移”(即“倒移”)。一条普遍的规则是“现在时变为过去时,过去时变为过去完成时”。直接引语。Part 3:文本翻译 佳音秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。我走进他的办公室,感到非常紧张
10、。我进去的时候,他连头也没抬。待我坐下后,他说生意非常不景气。他还告诉我,公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支,有20个人已经离去。我知道这次该轮到我了。 “哈姆斯沃斯先生,”我无力地说。 “不要打断我的话,”他说。然后他微笑了一下告诉我说,我每年将得到1,000 英镑的额外收入。Part 4:语法填空What was the good news?The secretary told me that Mr. Harms worth would see me. I felt very 1 (nerve) when I went into his office. He didnt look 2 from
11、 his desk when I 3 (enter). After I 4 (sit)down, he said that business was very bad. He told me that the firm could not afford 5 (pay) such large salaries.Twenty people had already 6 (leave). I knew that 7 turn had come.“Mr.Harms worth,” I said 8 a weak voice.”Dont interrupt,” he said.The he smiled and told 9 that I would receive 10 extra thousand pounds a year!参考答案1. nervous 2. up 3. entered 4. had sat 5. to pay 6. left 7. my 8. in 9. me 10. an