1、Section Communication Workshop，Culture Corner & Bulletin Board.重点单词1claw n. (动物或鸟的)爪子2chew vt. 咀嚼3wrinkle n. 皱纹4block n. 大厦；街区5lap n. (人坐着时的)大腿部6satellite n. 卫星；人造卫星7forever adv. 永远8negative adj. 消极的，负面的positive (反) adj. 积极的9hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇hesitation n. 犹豫10appointment n. 约见，约会appoint v. 任命，约定11.
2、 judge vt. 评判n法官；裁判judgement n. 评判，判断12devote vt. 专心致志于，献身于devotion n. 奉献devoted adj. 忠诚的；献身的13salty adj. 含盐的，咸的salt n. 食盐14companion n. 同伴，伴侣company v. 陪伴.核心短语1make_comments_about_sth. 对某事进行评论2in_detail 详细地3refer_to 提到；涉及；指的是；参考；查阅；提交4except_for 除了5be_popular_with_sb. 受某人欢迎6devote.to. 奉献于 7argue ab
3、out sth.争论某事 8take.seriously 认真对待 9describe.as. 把描述为 10prepare for sth.为某事做准备 .经典句式1and连接两个宾语从句，第一个that可省略，第二个不能省略Its difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class and_that they were discussing a problem.很难判断，但我们认为他们可能在同一个班级，并且正在讨论问题。2as long as“只要”，用于引导条件状语从句 As_long_as national
4、 types are not taken too seriously, its fun trying to guess a persons nationality from their personality.只要不把民族类型看得太认真，那么设法从一个人的性格猜测他的国籍是很有趣的。3This is because.“这是因为”，because引导表语从句 his_is_probably_because they are often very confident and secure.这可能是因为他们经常很自信，而且无忧无虑。4with复合结构The woman sitting in the
5、back, the one in the black jacket with_her_arms_crossed,_she looks a bit, er, kind of shy.那个坐在后面穿黑色夹克，手臂交叉的女士看起来有点，嗯，有点害羞。5“no matter疑问词”引导让步状语从句，表示“无论/不管”Nationalities may influence personalities, but at the end of the day, people are themselves, no_matter_where they come from.国籍可能会影响性格，但最终人们还是他们自己
6、，不论他们来自哪里。1 (教材P16)Its difficult to judge but we thought they might be in the same class and that they were discussing a problem.很难判断，但我们认为他们可能在同一个班级，他们正在讨论一个问题。(1)judging from/by.从上看，根据判断as far as I can judge 据我判断，依我看judge sb./sth. from/by. 从来判断(2)judgement n. 判断；判断力；审判make a judgement on 对进行评判即学即用
7、(1)Judging from/by what he said, he must be an honest man.根据他所说的判断，他一定是一个诚实的人。(2)You must make a judgement before you make a decision.在你做出决定之前，你要先做出判断。(3)单句语法填空Your judgement (judge) plays an important role in solving the problem.Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by/
8、from what you wear.Judging (judge) from her accent, she must be from the North.he judge thought that the evidence was not relevant to the case.2 (教材P17)For example, she often looks after children for people in her apartment block.例如，她经常为她所住的那个公寓区的人们照看孩子。block off 封锁，封闭block out 挡住；忘掉，抹去block up 堵塞，挡
9、住block ones way 挡住某人的路即学即用(1)Walk two blocks, and youll find the store at the corner.走过两个街区，你就会在拐角处发现那家商店。 (2)Look! The dark clouds are blocking_out the sun.看！乌云遮住了太阳。(3)They blocked_up the entrance to the cave with big rocks.他们用巨石将洞口堵起来了。(4)At one point, huge piles of snow blocked_his_way.在一个地方，巨大的
10、雪堆阻挡了他前进的道路。3 (教材P17)She devotes a lot of her time to caring the neighbours.她花很多时间关心邻居们。(1)devote oneself to献身于，致力于devote ones time/energy/money/life to把时间/精力/金钱/一生用于(2)devoted adj. 忠诚的(be)devoted to 献身于，致力于(3)devotion n. 奉献；忠诚即学即用(1)She devoted her life to helping homeless children.她把一生都用来帮助无家可归的孩子
11、。(2)Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.母亲对孩子们的奉献几乎是无法计算的。(3)单句语法填空You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted o your work.His devotion (devote) to his wife and family is touching.(4)高级表达As the girl is devoted to her work, she spends little time with her parents.Devote
12、d_to_her_work,_the girl spends little time with her parents.(改为过去分词短语作状语)Devoting_herself_to_her_work,_the girl spends little time with her parents.(改为现在分词短语作状语)联想归纳在短语devote.to中，to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，类似的短语有：4 (教材P17)But after 35 years of marriage, I know theyre great companions.但是在35年的婚姻之后，我知道他们是不错的伴侣。
13、(1)company nU陪伴，陪同；C公司keep sb. company 陪伴某人(2)accompany vt. 陪伴；伴奏；伴随即学即用(1)In the future social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.将来社交机器人将更像伙伴而不是单纯的工具。(2)When I feel lonely, my pet dog keeps_me_company.当我感到孤独时，我的宠物狗会陪着我。(3)Accompanied by her friends, she went to the concert.在朋
14、友的陪伴下，她去听音乐会了。5 (教材P18)They are often described as being great lovers of food and wine and they never hesitate to show how they feel.他们经常被描述为非常热爱饮食和酒的人，并且毫不犹豫地表达他们的感受。(1)hesitate to do sth.做某事犹豫hesitate at/about/over sth. 犹豫某事(2)hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑without hesitation 毫不犹豫地即学即用(1)Dont hesitate to turn
15、 to your parents when in trouble.在困难的时候，要毫不犹豫地向你父母求助。(2)Hearing the news, he raised his hand without hesitation.听到这个消息，他毫不犹豫地举起了手。(3)单句语法填空Dont hesitate at/about/over that, or youll throw away your opportunity.It is typical that he hesitates o_reply (reply) when asked in class.After the earthquake h
16、appened, the rescue team accepted the task without hesitation (hesitate)(教材P16).do not describe everything in detail; you can refer to physical appearance as you make comments.不必详细描述每件事情；评论时可以提到外表(1)refer.to.将提交/上呈；把归类/ 归因于；引去查询/咨询refer to.as 把称为/当作(2)reference n. 参考，查阅；谈到，提及联想归纳refer的过去式、过去分词与现在分词先
17、双写r，再加ed或ing。prefer、occur也是这样。即学即用(1)I promised not to refer to the matter again.我答应过再也不提这事了。(2)写出下列句中refer to的含义My daughter doesnt want anyone to refer to her embarrassing experience. 提到 These books refer to Asian problems. 涉及 I wasnt referring to you when I said that. 指的是 He didnt refer to his not
18、es when he spoke. 参考 (3)单句语法填空The disagreement was referred (refer) to the United Nations.English is referred to as a universal language.Youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference (refer)2 (教材P17)She never watches TV except for the news.除了看新闻，她从不看电视。辨析比较 except表示
19、从所提到的人或事物中除去，即排除同类中的一分子或从整体中除去一部分，表示递减的概念，含义是否定的except for主要有两层含义：表示不同类别事物进行比较；表示人或物在总体上是好的，只是其中的某个细节或某个环节不尽如人意except that/wh从句用来表示理由或细节，修正前面所说的情况，其后需接从句but表示“排除在外，不包含在内”，相当于except，但它通常与某些不定代词如nothing, all, anything, no one, anyone等连用besides/inaddition to表示被除去的事物也包括在内，意为“除以外，(还，也)”apart from根据上下文的不同
20、，它既可用作besides，也可用作except和except for即学即用(1)Your composition is good, except_for some spelling mistakes.你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。(2)Everyone except Tom was able to answer the question.除了汤姆每个人都能回答这个问题。(3)I know nothing about him except_that he is from Australia.他来自澳洲，除此之外我对他一无所知。(4)We saw a cartoon in_additi
21、on_to/besides a feature film.我们除了看了一个故事片外还看了一个动画片。3 (教材P18)This has led to the idea of national types.这就产生了民族类型的思想。lead to导致；导向；通往(to是介词)lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事lead sb. to. 引导某人去(地方)lead a.life 过的生活即学即用(1)Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。(2)This is a path l
22、eading to the top of the mountain.这是一条通向山顶的小路。(3)He decided to lead_a_new_life after the unusual experience.这次不寻常的经历之后，他决定过一种新的生活。(4)单句语法填空What led you o_change (change) your mind?The bank has offered a reward for any information leading (lead) to the arrest of the men.(教材P18)As long as national typ
23、es are not taken too seriously， its fun trying to guess a persons nationality from their personality.只要民族类型没有被太认真看待，试着从一个人的个性猜测他的国籍是很有趣的。as long as或so long as意思是“只要”，用作条件状语从句的连词。引导条件状语从句的连词还有if， unless， only if， on condition that， in case， provided/providing (that)， suppose/supposing (that)等。即学即用(1)
24、As long as one keeps calm, one doesnt feel the heat too much.(谚)心静自然凉。(2)The new bridge is said to be as long as 100 meters.据说新桥长达100米。(3)You can keep the book for two weeks as_long_as you promise to help me out of trouble.只要你帮我摆脱困境，你可以把这本书保留两周。(4)As/So_long_as you devote more time to practising, yo
25、ur skills can be improved quickly.只要你投入更多的时间去练习，你的技能会很快提升。(教材P18)Nationalities may influence personalities， but at the end of the day， people are themselves， no matter where they come from.无论他们来自哪里，国籍可能影响个性，但最终人们还是他们自己。这是一个并列复合句。句中but连接两个并列分句，表示转折；but后的句子中包含一个由no matter where引导的让步状语从句。(1)no matter“无
26、论，不管”，后面常跟how, what, who (whom), when, where, which等疑问词，意为“无论如何；无论什么；无论谁；无论何时；无论何处；无论哪一个”。引导让步状语从句时，可分别与however, whatever, whoever (whomever), whenever, wherever, whichever等互换。(2)whatever, whoever, whichever, wherever, however, whenever等还可以引导名词性从句。即学即用(1)No matter where/Wherever I go, China will alw
27、ays be my home.不论我到什么地方，中国永远是我的家乡。(2)No matter what/Whatever she did, the result was all one.无论她做什么，结果都是一样的。(3)No matter how/However busy he was, he always spared some time to read poems.他无论多忙，都会抽出时间去阅读诗歌。(4)Whatever/No_matter_what you say, I wont believe you.无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。(5)No_matter_who/Whoever
28、comes first, he or she has the opportunity to study abroad.无论谁取得第一，都会有出国学习的机会。(6)One can always manage to do more things, no_matter_how/however full ones schedule is in life.一个人总是能设法做更多的事情，不管在生活中他的时间表排得多么满。.单句语法填空1Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science yesterday
29、.2I hesitate o_spend (spend) so much money on clothes.3Judging (judge) from the book I have read, I think he is a very promising writer.4After he retired, he continued to devote himself to helping (help) the poor.5He described the process in detail, so that we could understand it.6The curtain is han
30、ging there, blocking (block) out the sunlight.7The book was immediately popular with people of all ages.8No matter who you may be, you have no right to do such a thing.9. Salty (salt) food often makes one thirsty.10You can borrow my computer as long as you take good care of it.完成句子1The good result l
31、ies in the correct methods, that is to say, correct methods lead_to a good result.好的结果在于正确的方法；也就是说，正确的方法会导致好的结果。2. So_long_as you keep calm, a quarrel wont happen.只要你保持镇定，争吵是不会发生的。3She is pretty except_for the fact that her mouth is too big.若不是她的嘴巴太大，她是很漂亮的。4. Judging_by/from the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.从他脸上的表情判断，这条消息肯定很糟糕。5. No_matter_what/Whatever happened, he would not mind.无论发生了什么事情，他都不会介意的。6. No_matter_who/Whoever you are, you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都需要遵纪守法。
