1、人教新课标选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsLanguage points1.When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone,she was very upset.call up 打电话，使回忆起今晚我会给你打电话。_Ill call you up tonight.老相片引起了我对童年的回忆。_The old photo calls up memories of my childhood.call back call forcall in call oncall at召唤某人回来；
2、再访；回电话需要，要求，接（人或物）邀请；请来拜访（人）拜访（某地）Ex.-Can I do the job?-Im afraid not,because it _skill and patience.A.calls on B.calls out C.calls up D.calls forD2.now and then 时而；不时=sometimes,but not often我偶尔看见他，但不常见。_我有时喜欢去看歌剧。_I see him now and then,but not often.I like to go to the opera now and then.from time
3、 to time(every)now and againfrom now onjust now since then相关短语：有时；不时时而；不时从现在开始，今后刚才从那时以来3.Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.distinguish vt.&vi.(1)辨别；辨认从远处我能认出他们。_I can distinguish them at a distance.(2)（常与from,bet
4、ween连用）区别；区分你能区分那两个物体吗？_应当教育孩子分辨好坏。Children should be taught to _Can you distinguish between those two objects?distinguish right from wrong(3)(常与from连用)使别于；有特点语言把人和动物区别开来。Speech _象因为有长鼻子而有别于其他动物。Elephants _ by their long trunks.distinguishes men from animalsare distinguished(4)distinguish oneself 显扬
5、自己；使自己扬名这个人因智慧而扬名。The man_.distinguish himself by his wisdombe distinguished fromdistinguish from be distinguished by be distinguished for 不同于与加以区别辨别，把和区别开以为特征因而著称distinguished adj.distinguishing adj.distinguishable adj.著名的，出名的有区别的可区别的4.I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easies
6、t way to trap them.set about=set out:to begin or start 着手；开始他一到那儿就着手解决问题。He _ as soon as he arrived there.=He _ as soon as he arrived there.set about solving the problemset out to solve the problemset out的另一个意思为“动身”，“出发”，后面长跟介词for他们以出发到上海去了。_.They have set out(=set off)for Shanghaiset out set out to
7、 do sth.set off set asideset down set up出发，起程开始做某事出发，动身留出，对不予考虑记下，写下设置，造成，产生6.They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地abrupt adj.突然的；意外的Ex.这路有很多急转弯。The road is full of _.这会议突然结束了。The meeting came to _.我们的讨论突然给缩短了。Our discussion was _ curtailed.abrupt turnsan
8、abrupt endabruptlyconvenient adj.便利的，方便的be convenient to sb.it is convenient for sb.it is convenient to do sth.对某人方便对某人方便做某事方便三点钟对你方便吗？_Will 3 oclock be convenient for you?我想这个时候见你恐怕不大合适。Im afraid this isnt a _ to see you.convenient momentCome and see me whenever_.A.you are convenient B.you will be
9、convenient C.It is convenient to you D.it will be convenient to youCIf it is quite _ to you,I will visit you next Tuesday.A.convenient B.fair C.easy D.comfortableA 1.But once picked up,they tried to bite me.但是它们一被捡起来，就试图咬我。【用法归纳】(1)once作为连接词引导时间状语从句时，后面可接现在分词或过去分词。Once opened,the museum will be very
10、 popular with the citizens.博物馆一旦开放，肯定会受到市民的欢迎。(表被动)Once talking with him,youll find him an easygoing man.一旦与他交谈，你就会发现他是一个随和的人。(表主动)(2)once 引导的从句中，要用一般时代替将来时。Once you have grasped English,youll be easy to get a wellpaid job.一旦你掌握了英语，你就会很容易找到一份报酬很高的工作。(现在完成时代替将来完成时)Once he arrives,we can start.他一到我们就可
11、以开始。(一般现在时代替一般将来时)You will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.(福建)AbeforeBonce Cuntil DthoughB5.,which freezes hard when cooled.,（果冻）被冷却后会变硬。when cooled 为when it is cooled 的省略结构when/while/once/unless/if 等连词所引导的时间状语从句中的主语与主句主语相一致，且从句中含有系动词be 时，从句中的主语和系动词be可省略，形成“连词+分词”结构。1._ with th
12、e size of the whole earth,the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A.Compare B.When comparing C.Comparing D.When compared2._more time,we are sure to finish it.A.Given B.Giving C.Be given D.If givingDA8.Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种承认，你才
13、可以说是一个真正的发明家。only 修饰状语，至于句首，主句的语序需要倒装。此句如改成正常语序应是：You can say that you are truly an inventor only after you have had that recognition.又如：Only by working hard can we pass the exams.某些否定词至于句首，表示强调时也会引起倒装。如：never,seldom,hardly,neither,nor,not only,little 等。如课文中令一句：Nor will you receive a patent until a
14、search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone elses.又如：Never have I seen such an exciting film.Little did I know what was about to happen.9.The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.专利标准非常严格，除非新的想法真的是新
15、颖的，否则很难被接受。这里that引导结果状语从句。主句和从句是原因与结果的关系，译作“因此”。例如：She spoke so fast that few of us could follow her.讲话太快，我们很少有人能听得懂。novel 在此处是形容词，意思是“新的；新颖的；新奇的”。其名词形式是novelty。He is a person who always has novel ideas.他经常会有新奇的想法。4Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work the first tim
16、e.记住对你的发明要有变化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。【用法归纳】in case(以防)万一in case 后可接从句，也可置于句末。in case of 要是；在时候(后接名词或代词)in this case 如果这样的话 in that case 如果那样的话in any case 无论如何in no case 决不(位于句首，句子应使用倒装语序)Take your umbrella in case it rains.拿着你的雨伞以防下雨。In case I forget,please remind me of my promise.如果我忘记了我的诺言，请提醒我。In case of
17、fire,open this safety door.一旦发生火灾，打开这扇安全门。In no case may you leave the baby alone at home.你决不能把孩子一个人留在家里。1.Leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.北京)Aever since Beven if Csoon after Din case 2.It is reported that there will be a heavy rain tomorrow,_ the hike would be put off
18、.Ain any case Bin which case Cin no case Din case 3.The first bus has just left and the next bus will come in twenty minutes._，we will have to wait.AIn this case BIn this way CBy this means DIn the endDBA（随堂检测，落实考点）1.When I grew up in a small village of my hometown at the foot of a mountain,the visi
19、t to the village_ scenes of my children.A.called up B.called for C.called on D.called in 2.Our English teacher sometimes writes _on QQ,even when theres not much to say.A.now and then B.by and by C.step by step D.more or less 3.The Senior students should be taught to _right _wrong in class.A.distingu
20、ish;by B.distinguish;for C.distinguish;from D.distinguish;to AAC 4.She _in touch with his friend when she arrived at Xian.A.set about getting B.set about to get C.set out getting D.set out get 5.The train came to an _stop,making many passengers fall off their seats.A.abrupt B.abruptly C.suddenly D.s
21、urprised 6.Their house is very _for schools and stores.A.convenient B.abrupt C.central D.apparent AAA 7.The teacher asked us not to be _in class.A.passive B.active C.clever D.lonely 8.Can you give me a _reason why you want to leave my company?A.passive B.abrupt C.disturbing D.valid 9.A computer has
22、a wide range of _for businesses.A.indication B.expectation C.applications D.regulation ADC 10.John may phone tonight.I dont want to go out _he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case D.so that 11.She _her bag and brought out an old photograph.A.went into B.looked into C.got into D.dived into 1
23、2.Most of the old different from the young are interested in _events.A.current B.latest C.recent D.fast CDA 13.Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature,this creating a _environment.A.peaceful B.sensitive C.common D.stable 14.The passage without new words is _not
24、 easy to understand.A.truly B.in truth C.from fact D.fact 15.When we plan our vacation,my mother often offers _suggestions.A.careful B.practical C.effective D.acceptable DBB1.He believed that one should always be curious 1.He believed that one should always be curious and his most famous saying was:
25、”Leave the and his most famous saying was:”Leave the beaten trackbeaten track occasionally and occasionally and divedive into the into the woodswoods.Every time you do you will be certain to find Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.something that y
26、ou have never seen before.Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you Follow it up,explore all around it,and before you know it,you will have something worth thinking know it,you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.All really big about to occupy your mind.All really bi
27、g discoveries are the result of thought.”discoveries are the result of thought.”他认为一个人应当具有好奇心，他最著名的一句话他认为一个人应当具有好奇心，他最著名的一句话是：是：“偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。当你这么做的时偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。当你这么做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。跟踪下去，候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西占据着你的头脑。所有真正伟大的发现都是的东西占据着你的头脑。所有真正伟大的发现都是思
28、考的结果。思考的结果。”beaten trackbeaten track 踏平的路；一贯的路；惯例。如：踏平的路；一贯的路；惯例。如：We followed a well-beaten track through the forest.We followed a well-beaten track through the forest.我们沿着一条人们他出来的路穿过森林。我们沿着一条人们他出来的路穿过森林。divedive(vt)(vt)to go headfirst into water to go headfirst into water 潜入；跳水。例如：潜入；跳水。例如：He dive
29、d into the river and rescued the drowning He dived into the river and rescued the drowning child.child.他跳到水中，救起那快要溺死的小孩。他跳到水中，救起那快要溺死的小孩。to move quickly in a specified direction to move quickly in a specified direction 扑去；冲去。扑去；冲去。例如：例如：when the rain started,we dived into a caf.when the rain started
30、,we dived into a caf.雨下了起雨下了起来，我们立即跑进一家小餐馆。来，我们立即跑进一家小餐馆。woods woods 原指原指“森林森林”，在这里有，在这里有“险境，困境险境，困境”的意的意思。思。out of the woods out of the woods 表示表示“脱离麻烦或困难脱离麻烦或困难”。如：。如：The situation is improving,but we are not out of the The situation is improving,but we are not out of the woods yet.woods yet.情况正在改
31、善，但我们还没有摆脱困境。情况正在改善，但我们还没有摆脱困境。2.Although he is most often 2.Although he is most often associated withassociated with the the invention of the telephone,he was indeed a invention of the telephone,he was indeed a continuingcontinuing searcher after practical solutions to searcher after practical solu
32、tions to improve the quality of everybodys life.improve the quality of everybodys life.虽然人们常把他和发明电话联系起来，但是他的确虽然人们常把他和发明电话联系起来，但是他的确是一名永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生是一名永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。活质量的途径。associate withassociate with 把把 和和联系起来；和联系起来；和来往。如：来往。如：In our minds the Spring Festival is In our minds the Sp
33、ring Festival is associated withassociated withhappy family reunions.happy family reunions.在我们心中，春节是和愉快在我们心中，春节是和愉快的家庭团聚联系在一起的。的家庭团聚联系在一起的。Her parents didnt like her Her parents didnt like her associating withassociating with net net friends.friends.她的父母不喜欢她和网友来往。她的父母不喜欢她和网友来往。句中的句中的continuingcontin
34、uing是动词是动词-ing-ing形式，在这里作定语形式，在这里作定语用。如：用。如：This is a very pressing problem.This is a very pressing problem.这是意见紧急的这是意见紧急的事情。事情。We talked a great deal about the coming festival.We talked a great deal about the coming festival.我们说了不少有关即将到来的节目的事情。我们说了不少有关即将到来的节目的事情。He made an inspiring speech at the m
35、eeting.He made an inspiring speech at the meeting.他在他在会上发表了一段激动人心的讲话。会上发表了一段激动人心的讲话。practical 实际的实际的;实践的实践的;实用的实用的I want some practical advice.我想要些实际性的建议。我想要些实际性的建议。It wouldnt be practical for us to go all that way just for the weekend.我们跑那么远只为了去度个周末实在很不切实际。我们跑那么远只为了去度个周末实在很不切实际。The dictionary is ve
36、ry practical.这本词典非常实用。这本词典非常实用。3.Im sorry,but this phone is 3.Im sorry,but this phone is out of orderout of order.对不起，这对不起，这个电话坏了。个电话坏了。out of orderout of order 坏了；有毛病。如：坏了；有毛病。如：Our refrigerator is Our refrigerator is out of orderout of order again.Wed better again.Wed better buy a new one instead
37、of repairing it.buy a new one instead of repairing it.咱们的冰箱又咱们的冰箱又坏了，我们别修它了，最好买一个新的。坏了，我们别修它了，最好买一个新的。与之相反的短语是与之相反的短语是in order,in order,意思是意思是“处于正常情况，处于正常情况，情况良好情况良好”。如：。如：The house is painted and decorated,everything is in The house is painted and decorated,everything is in order.order.房子粉刷了，装修了，一切都整整齐齐。房子粉刷了，装修了，一切都整整齐齐。Ill see that everything is in good order when the Ill see that everything is in good order when the guests arrive.guests arrive.客人来时我会把一切都照料得井井有客人来时我会把一切都照料得井井有条的。条的。
