1、Section Using Language自主学习激发潜能. 词汇拓展1. associate /siet/v.联系；交往 association /ssien/ n.协会；关联 associated /ssietd/adj.有关联的；相关的2. fundamental /fndmentl/adj.根本的；基本的；基础的n.基本规律；根本法则 fundamentally /fndmentli/adv.根本上，基本上3. modest /mdst/adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 modestly /mdstli/adv.谦虚地；谦逊地 modesty /mdsti/n.谦逊4. trick /
2、trk/n.诀窍；计谋；把戏 tricky /trki/adj.狡猾的；棘手的. 情境词块1. make up 组成；化妆；编造2. regardless of 不管；不顾3. in other words 换句话说4. cut down on 减少；节省5. quantities of 大量的6. as with 就而言；如同7. 简单地说 put more simply 8. 而不是 rather than 9. 在正确的道路上 on the right track 10. 取决于 be up to . 情境佳句1.句型公式while引导时间状语从句教材原句Put more simply,
3、 while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.简单地说，当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。中文例句我们正在讨论问题时，他们冲了进来。句式仿写They rushed in while we were discussing questions .2.句型公式倍数表达方式教材原句And in America, people who receive 25% of their dai
4、ly calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day.在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍。中文例句长江差不多是珠江的两倍长。句式仿写The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.3.句型公式It takes/took(sb.) some time to do做花费（某
5、人）多长时间教材原句It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full.开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。中文例句由于大雨，我花了三天才赶到北京。句式仿写 It took me three days to arrive in Beijing because of the heavy rain.激发思维全程指导背景导学本栏目的活动主题是“写一篇关于健康饮食的文章”，通过读写活动帮助学生积累有关健康饮
6、食的知识，深化对健康饮食这一主题的理解，并反思自身饮食习惯。文本改写教材原文HEALTHY EATINGThere is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. For example, scientists have insisted for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fat
7、ty food, as it is sugar. Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans. And in America, people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association, 2
8、014). This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put more simply, while people continue to argue over whether or not fatty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer.Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3
9、 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone. The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar, which is less than what is usually contained in one can of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words, if you want to be health
10、y, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, which are full of vitamins and fibre, rather than processed foods. Processed foods often contain less nutriti
11、on, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and fat than fresh ingredients. Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. As with everything in life, moderation is key. The ide
12、al diet is a balanced one, without too much or too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. What this means is that people who chew too quic
13、kly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry. Eating slowly also allows your body to digest your food better, and will allow you to enjoy your food more. In addition, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, are be
14、tter for our health. It is also better to eat a modest amount of food each time, rather than to eat a lot in one meal, and then a little in the next.There is no one trick to healthy eating. Rather, healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. One question you can ask yourself i
15、s, “Do I eat to live, or live to eat?” If you are using food mostly for nutrition, then you are on the right track with your diet. However, if food has become the centre of your life, you might be on the road to bad health. It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisi
16、ons about your diet.教材译文健康饮食当下，何为健康饮食仍众说纷纭。例如，多年来科学家一直认为健康的大敌是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，导致不良健康的真正因素并非高脂肪食物，而是糖分。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍（美国医学会杂志，2014年）。无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。简单地说，当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。多余的糖分大多来自甜食和甜饮料。一个普通的美国人单从甜饮料中摄取的糖分就占三分之一。美国心脏协会建议我们将每日糖
17、摄入量限制在100至150卡路里以下，少于一听甜饮料或一块糖果通常所含的糖分。换言之，你要想身体健康，就必须少吃甜点，完全禁饮甜饮料。除此以外，为了保持身体健康，你还可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，尤其是富含维生素和纤维素的水果和蔬菜，而不是加工食品。相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。此外，饮食中摄取一些肉类、豆类或奶制品也十分重要，因为这些食物为强壮骨骼、肌肉生长提供必要的蛋白质。适量是关键，生活中万事均如此。理想的饮食是均衡饮食，避免过多或过少摄入任何一种成分。最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。这意
18、味着咀嚼过快的人最终会吃太多食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽还能让你的身体更好地消化食物、更充分地享受美食。此外，研究表明，有规律的饮食习惯对我们的健康更有好处，例如，每天固定时间食用三餐。而且最好每餐摄入适量的食物，而不是上一餐吃很多，下一餐吃得很少。健康饮食没有诀窍。相反，健康饮食始于健康的饮食态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了活着而吃饭，还是为了吃饭而活着？”如果你吃饭主要是为了汲取营养，那么你已经在饮食上走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的核心，那么你可能已踏上不健康之路。你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的短文。【审题谋
19、篇】【词汇储备】1. 换句话说 in other words 2. 保持健康 keep healthy 3. 减少 cut down on 4. 删除；停止 cut out 5.的基本要诀 a fundamental key to 6.的诀窍 a trick to 7. 取决于 be up to 8. 做出正确的决定 make the right decisions 【句型运用】1.越来越多的证据表明，导致健康状况不佳的真正原因不是太多的脂肪食物，而是糖。There is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is no
20、t fatty food but sugar. 2.如果你想保持健康，你必须减少甜点，并完全停止甜饮料。If you want to keep healthy, you have to cut down on desserts, and cut out sweet drinks altogether. 3.你可以保持健康。You can keep healthy. 4.你可以食用不同种类的新鲜食物，特别是水果和蔬菜。You can consume different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables. 5.健康
21、饮食的基本要诀是细嚼慢咽。A fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. 6.健康饮食没有诀窍。There is no one trick to healthy eating. 7.你想如何生活、如何做出正确的饮食抉择，这完全取决于你自己。It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet. 【句式升级】1.用not onlybut also 升级句2。If you want to keep he
22、althy, not only do you have to cut down on desserts but also cut out sweet drinks altogether. 2.将3、4句合并为一句话。You can keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables. 3.将5、6句合并为并列句。A fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly but there is no one t
23、rick to healthy eating. 【串句成文】 1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。There is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not much fatty food but sugar.In other words, if you want to be healthy, you have to not only cut down on desserts but also cut out sweet drinks altogether. Besides, you ca
24、n keep healthy by consuming different categories of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables. Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat slowly, but there is no one trick to healthy eating.It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet
25、. 实战演练1.请用英语写一篇短文，描述你自己的饮食习惯，并就“健康饮食”提出自己的看法或建议。要点如下：1. 介绍自己的饮食习惯；2. 意识到健康饮食的重要性；3. 养成健康饮食的习惯。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Like most people from the North, cooked wheaten food is always my favorite. I often have noodles for breakfast, steamed bread or pancakes for lunch and supper. I eat vegetable
26、s every day. I like seafood though its a little expensive. I often go out for good meals with my family and friends, but we often eat a lot of meat there.I think we should form healthy eating habits. Breakfast is very important to our health. Besides, wed better eat less meat and more fresh vegetabl
27、es. All in all, we should realize the importance of a healthy diet.新知清障素养构建核心词汇1. regardless of不管；不顾This is true regardless of how healthy the rest of their diet might be. 无论他们饮食的其他方面多么健康，都确实如此。（教材P32）典例翻译Drunk driving should be treated as a crime regardless of whether the driver causes a crash or n
28、ot.酒后驾驶应视为犯罪，无论司机是否造成撞车。 Regardless of what happens my claim is safe and secure.不管发生什么，我的主张都是安全的、保险的。Regardless of the fact that they speak different languages, they can communicate freely.不管他们讲不同的语言的事实，但他们可以自由地交流。归纳拓展（1）regardless adv.不管；不顾（2）regardless of the fact that不顾的事实（3）carry on regardless不管
29、怎样都要进行下去误区警示regardless of 强调“不认为重要”，从而不加以重视或考虑，其后可以接the fact that；其同义词despite/in spite of还有“尽管但是”之意，其后一般不接从句。In spite of/Despite the heavy snow, she is going out for a walk.尽管下大雪，她还要出去散步。学以致用（1）单句填空They continued to work regardless of the fact that it was raining.Despite her recent surgery she has b
30、een carrying on regardless (regard).（2）一句多译尽管遭遇暴风雨，我们依旧准时到达了车站。We arrived at the station on time regardless of the storm .We arrived at the station on time despite/in spite of the storm .2. quantity n.数量；数额Processed foods often contain less nutrition, and have higher quantities of sugar, salt, and f
31、at than fresh ingredients. 相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。（教材P32）典例翻译The policeman found that the house had been broken into and a quantity of jewelry stolen.警察发现有人闯入这所房子，盗走了大量珠宝。With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are being washed away.随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲走。Its cheaper
32、to buy goods in quantity.大宗购物比较便宜。归纳拓展（1） a large/small quantity of = large/small quantities of 大量/少量的（2） in quantity 在数量上；大量地in large quantities大量地易混辨析a quantity of和quantities of后既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词，“a quantity of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词；“quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。试比较：Quantities of nuts were on th
33、e table.桌上有很多坚果。Quantities of food were on the table.桌上有很多食物。A quantity of nuts were on the table.桌上有很多坚果。学以致用1.单句填空During the Qingdao Beer Festival, large quantities of beer are (be) sold out.Every day in hot summer, a large quantity of beer is consumed (consume).Large quantities of air-conditioner
34、s have been sold (sell) since the summer is coming.He likes reading and always buys books in quantity /in large quantities (quantity).3. trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏vt.哄骗；欺骗There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有诀窍。（教材P32）典例翻译He used the old trick of attacking in order to defend himself.他采用了以攻为守的老招数。We
35、are playing a trick on a man who keeps bothering me.我们在捉弄一个总是来烦我的男人。They tricked the old lady out of25，000.他们从老太太那里骗走25，000美元。归纳拓展（1） play tricks/a trick on sb. 搞恶作剧；开某人玩笑（2）trick sb. out of sth. 从某人处骗走某物trick sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事头脑风暴“取笑与愚弄”面面观tease取笑；戏弄laugh at嘲笑make fun of取笑make a fool/joke
36、 of愚弄play a trick/joke on捉弄学以致用1.单句填空Dont take it seriously; she just wants to play a joke on you.We were tricked into buying a poor car, which made me very upset.Her partner tried to trick her out of her share.重点句型1. while引导时间状语从句Put more simply,while people continue to argue over whether or not fa
37、tty food is dangerous, we already know that sugar is a killer. 简单地说，当人们还在为高脂肪食物是否有害而争论不休时，我们已经知晓糖分是健康杀手。（教材P32）典例翻译Theres plenty of rain in the southeast, while theres little in the northwest.东南部雨量充足，而西北部则很少下雨。 While Mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.当玛丽写信时，孩子们在外面玩耍。 While
38、 he loves his students, he is very strict with them.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。归纳拓展（1）while引导时间状语从句时，意为“当时候”。从句的谓语动词为延续性动词，从句与主句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。（2）while引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然”，多放于句首。（3）while可作并列连词，意为“而，然而”。（4）while作名词时，意为“一会儿，一段时间”。after a while过了一会儿for a while暂时，一会儿all the while一直，始终误区警示while引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词要用延续性
39、动词；when引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。while引导让步状语从句时，通常用于句首，从句不能倒装。学以致用1.完成句子那个男孩擅长数学，而他妹妹擅长语文。The boy is good at maths, while his sister is good at Chinese .尽管我明白你的话，但我还是不同意你的观点。While I understand what you say , I cant agree with you.他们聊了一会儿，然后就去上班了。They chatted for a while and then went to
40、work. 2. It takes/took(sb.) some time to do做花费（某人）多长时间It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. 开始进食大约20分钟后，你的大脑才会告知你的身体“你吃饱了”。（教材P32）典例翻译 It took me years to get back on my feet.我花了好几年才重新找到自己。 It took me a long time to push my w
41、ay through the crowd.我花了很长时间才从人群中挤过去。Its going to cost me over 100，000 to buy new trucks.买几辆新卡车将花掉我10万多美元。归纳拓展在It takes/took(sb.) some time to do句型中，It为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。表达“花费”的其他句型：（1）sb.+spendson/in doing sth. 某人花费做某事（2）sth.+costs sb某物花费某人多少钱（3）sb.+pays+钱+for sth. 某人付钱买某物（4）sb.+buysfor+钱某人花钱买某物学以致用
42、选词填空take, spend, cost, pay, buyI spent 120 on the books.It takes the boy most of his free time to learn drawing.She pays 200 a week for this apartment.Good words cost nothing, but are worth much.He bought the bag for ten dollars.素养达标迁移创新. 语境填词根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。1.Under normal conditions, only about
43、20 to 40 percent of vitamin （维生素） E is absorbed.2.Young girls must be modest （谦虚的） in speech, dress and behavior.3.A fundamental（基本的） change in the organization of health services was required.4.Be certain to eat slowly and chew （咀嚼） your food extremely well.5.The results are entirely consistent （一致
44、的） with the findings of Garnett & Tobin.6.Could you tell me the tricks （诀窍） of making such tasty cakes?7.The seaside had all sorts of pleasant associations （联想） with childhood holidays for me.8.This book clearly falls into the category （种类） of fictionalised autobiography.9.A large quantity （数量） of m
45、oney has been collected to help those suffering from the floods.10.Beijing Language and Culture University is ideal （理想的） for you to learn Chinese culture. 语境选词根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。regardless of; quantities of; make up; cut down on; in other words; in addition to; rather than; on the right track; up to
46、; end up1.Five people make up the team; in other words , the team consists of five people.2.It is up to you to decide whether to go out for dinner or eat at home.3.I prefer to get up early rather than go to school without breakfast.4.Whats your second language in addition to Chinese?5.But if hes out
47、 there every day and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.6.He cut down on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.7.In this small country, women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.8.We havent succeeded yet, but we are on the rig
48、ht track .9.They read large quantities of texts and, in general, read the texts without interruption.10.Every time they went dancing, they ended up in a bad mood. 课文语法填空Scientists 1. (insist) for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food. However, there is increasing evidence 2. the real driver
49、 of poor health is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 3. (category) of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables, 4. are full of vitamins and fibre. Besides, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet
50、, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle 5. (grow). The ideal diet is a 6. (balance) one, without too much or too little of any one thing. Finally, a fundamental key 7. healthy eating is to eat slowly. 8. (eat) slowly allows your body to digest your food better. In additio
51、n, studies show that consistent eating habits, for example, taking three meals a day at the same time each day, 9. (be) better for our health. There is no one trick to healthy eating. It is up to you 10. (decide) how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.1. have insisted 2. that 3. categories 4. which 5. growth 6. balanced 7. to 8. Eating 9. are 10. to decide 12
