1、2022年中考英语专题复习：句法 专项练习题精选汇编一选择题1The girl _ off the horse.Luckily，she didnt hurt much.（）AfallsBfellCis fallingDwill fall2Has Alice arrived yet？No，her car broke down on the way.Im afraid she the meeting.（）AmissesBmissedCwill missDis missing3You are a big beautiful bird!（）AbecameBbecomeCbecoming4Everyon
2、e in my class _ carefully when a tall boy sneezed loudly.（）Ais listeningBwas listeningCare listeningDwere listening5Look at the stamps.I_them for five years.（）AKeptBhave keptChave boughtDbought6Did you hear me call your name just now？No.I_ to my mom on the phone.（）AtalkBtalkedChave talkedDwas talkin
3、g7He said that light _much faster than sound.（）Ahas traveledBtravelCtravelsDtraveled8I_a big house for my family if I_a lot of money.（）Awould buy；hadBwould buy；haveCwill buy；hadDbought，had9 After 1000day waiting，Meng Wanzhou finally returned to our motherland . How excited!Our country is much more p
4、owerful and Chinese_in many foreign countries.（）Ais taughtBare taughtCare teaching10In the year of 2020，each of us by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan who taught us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will.（）Awere greatly encouragedBgreatly encouragesCgreatly enco
5、uragedDwas greatly encouraged11A highspeed railway in our hometown before 2020.What exciting news!Will it pass your house？（）Ais buildingBwill buildChave been builtDwill be built12More dinosaur fossils（化石），including footprints，bones or eggs，could _ in the future.（）AdiscoverBbe discoveredChave discove
6、redDbe discovering13The restaurant down the street _ since the owner of it _ to another province.（）Ahas closed；movedBhas been closed；movedChas closed；has moved14Bythetimethefiremanarrived there，thebigfire_.（）AhadbeenputupBhadbeenputoutChadputoffDhadputdown15He cant remember how many times he needs t
7、o _ of _ late for school.（）Aremind；not beingBbe reminded；not beingCremind；not to beDbe reminded；not to be16Which is the sentence pattern of It is raining heavily？_.（）AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+VDS+V+O+OC17The mother is reading a story to her young children.（）A表语B谓语C宾语D定语18My dog is really cute，and I like it
8、 very much.（）A表语B谓语C宾语D状语19I want to call you but my phone isnt working.（）A表语B状语C主语D宾语20Jenny wants to enjoy the story telling club.划线部分是做（）A宾语B定语C宾语补足语21My grandma often tells me stories at night.划线部分在句子中做（）A宾语B表语C状语22 Is there an old tree in Jinci Temple？Yes._，it has been there for more than 3000
9、years.（）AOnce upon a timeBIn the endCA s far as I know23Which of the following sentences is right？（）AShe has left Xuzhou for a week.BShe hopes me to be a doctor.CShe asked me why to choose the book.DShe moved to Xuzhou two years ago.24下列句子是主语+系动词+表语结构的是（）AHe is like a father to me.BI think its healt
10、hy.CThis kind of pens sells well.25The structure（结构）of the sentence I need your help. is_.AS+VBS+V+OCS+V+P26All the volunteers thought her a good helper.The sentence type is .（）AS+V+PBS +V+DO+OCCS+V+IO+DODS+V+DO27The sentence pattern of We make Qingyang City beautiful. is _.（）AS+V+OBS+V+PCS+V+IO+DOD
11、S+V+DO+OC28_a birthday cake on your table？Yes，_.（）AIs there，there isBIs there，it isCIs it，there isDIs it，is it29Finishing this paper needs being very careful.But dont worry. relaxed，and you will be sure to come through it with good preparations.（）ABeingBTo beCBe30 interesting the film is !（）AWhatBHo
12、wCWhat an参考答案与试题解析一选择题1The girl _ off the horse.Luckily，she didnt hurt much.（）AfallsBfellCis fallingDwill fall【分析】那个女孩从马上摔了下来。幸运的是，她伤的不严重。【解答】falls 一般现在时，第三人称单数形式；fell 一般过去时，过去式；is falling 现在进行时；will fall 一般将来时。根据语境，可知句意为那个女孩从马上摔了下来。幸运的是，她伤的不严重，后文句子的时态是一般过去时，因此应用一般过去时。故选：B。【点评】掌握时态的概念和用法，结合语境，给出答案。2
13、Has Alice arrived yet？No，her car broke down on the way.Im afraid she the meeting.（）AmissesBmissedCwill missDis missing【分析】爱丽丝到了吗？不，她的车在路上抛锚了。我担心她会错过会议。【解答】根据Im afraid she the meeting，可知是指我担心她会错过会议。时态是一般将来时will+动词原形。故选：C。【点评】熟悉一般将来时的用法，结合题意，给出答案。3You are a big beautiful bird!（）AbecameBbecomeCbecoming
14、【分析】你正在变成一只美丽的大鸟!【解答】现在进行时构成，主语+be+现在分词，根据You are，可知缺现在分词。故选：C。【点评】考查现在进行时，要牢记词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。4Everyone in my class _ carefully when a tall boy sneezed loudly.（）Ais listeningBwas listeningCare listeningDwere listening【分析】当一个高个子男孩大声打喷嚏时，我们班上的每个人都在认真听讲。【解答】结合翻译我们班上的每个人都在认真听讲，可知要用进行时，又因为后文的sneezed，
15、所以用过去进行时，其结构为was/were +doing，排除A和C；又因为主语是everyone，所以谓语动词要用单数was。故选：B。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词，根据时间标志词判断时态，没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境，再根据时态的结构进行选择。5Look at the stamps.I_them for five years.（）AKeptBhave keptChave boughtDbought【分析】看这些邮票。我已经保存了五年了。【解答】根据时间状语for five years五年，可知句子用现在完成时，排除A和D，并且谓语动词必须是延续性动词，buy
16、是非延续性动词，排除C。keep是延续性动词。故选：B。【点评】掌握现在完成时的构成，以及延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法，结合时间状语，确定答案。6Did you hear me call your name just now？No.I_ to my mom on the phone.（）AtalkBtalkedChave talkedDwas talking【分析】你刚才听到我叫你的名字了吗？没有，我在和我妈妈通电话。【解答】从Did you hear me call your name just now判断下面句子说的是刚才我正在跟妈妈通话，时态使用过去进行时，构成were/was+动词的
17、现在分词。故选：D。【点评】考查动词时态，结合时间状语以及语境准确判断所应使用的时态。7He said that light _much faster than sound.（）Ahas traveledBtravelCtravelsDtraveled【分析】他说光传播的速度比声音快。【解答】结合句意，他说光传播的速度比声音快。结合句子，that后是一个宾语从句，主句是一般过去时，但是从句中，光传播的速度比声音快，这是客观事实，所以需要用一般现在时。light是不可数名词，所以用动词的第三人称单数形式，用travels.故选：C。【点评】结合宾语从句的时态要点，要用一般现在时，即可作出正确选择
18、。8I_a big house for my family if I_a lot of money.（）Awould buy；hadBwould buy；haveCwill buy；hadDbought，had【分析】如果我有很多钱，我会为我的家人买一栋大房子。【解答】if用于虚拟语气，用于假设现在、过去或将来不太可能发生或者与事实相反的情况。根据I .a big house for my family if I .a lot of money.可知，假设与现在事实相反的情况，从句用一般过去时，动词用过去式（be动词，不论人称，一律用were），主句用过去将来时，would/should/co
19、uld/might+动词原形。故选：A。【点评】考查if用于虚拟语气。首先理解句子的意思，判断if假设的情况，与现在、过去或将来有关，然后采用固定句式答题即可。9 After 1000day waiting，Meng Wanzhou finally returned to our motherland . How excited!Our country is much more powerful and Chinese_in many foreign countries.（）Ais taughtBare taughtCare teaching【分析】经过1000天的等待，孟婉舟终于回到了祖国。
20、多兴奋啊！我们的国家强大得多，许多外国都在教授汉语。【解答】结合语境可知，本句要用一般现在时；汉语和教是被动关系，综上可知，本句用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done。因为主语是Chinese，所以be动词用is，teach的过去分词是taught。故选：A。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词，根据时间标志词判断时态，没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境，再根据时态的结构进行选择。10In the year of 2020，each of us by the people like Zhong Nanshan and Li Lanjuan who tau
21、ght us how to fight against the difficulties in life with a strong will.（）Awere greatly encouragedBgreatly encouragesCgreatly encouragedDwas greatly encouraged【分析】2020年，钟南山、李兰娟等人教会了我们如何以坚强的意志战胜生活中的困难，我们每个人都深受鼓舞。【解答】主语each of us是动词encourage的承受者，根据In the year of 2020可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是was/were +过去分词。ea
22、ch of us作主语，指单数，be动词用was。故选：D。【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。11A highspeed railway in our hometown before 2020.What exciting news!Will it pass your house？（）Ais buildingBwill buildChave been builtDwill be built【分析】2020年前我们家乡将要修建一条高铁。多么令人激动的消息啊！它会经过你家吗？【解答】根据题干中before 2020和下文中的Will it
23、 pass your house？可知高铁还未修建，则此处应用一般将来时。其次主语A highspeed railway和谓语build是被动关系，表示被修建，则此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是主语+will be done，则D选项符合题意。故选：D。【点评】本题考查一般将来时的被动语态，要求学生根据题干判断时态，主谓关系判断语态即可作出选择。12More dinosaur fossils（化石），including footprints，bones or eggs，could _ in the future.（）AdiscoverBbe discoveredChave discove
24、redDbe discovering【分析】未来可能会发现更多的恐龙化石，包括脚印、骨头或蛋。【解答】句意：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语More dinosaur fossils是动作discover的承受者，用含有情态动词could的被动语态表示。故选：B。【点评】考查被动语态，在日常学习中要掌握被动语态的构成。做题时要先了解各选项的语态，对其用法做到心里有数，再根据具体的时态来选择正确答案。13The restaurant down the street _ since the owner of it _ to another province.（）Ahas closed；movedB
25、has been closed；movedChas closed；has moved【分析】这条街上的那家餐馆自从主人搬到另一个省后就已经关门了【解答】since+过去时态的句子，主句要用现在完成时，餐馆是被关，要用被动语态，所以第一个空要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+过去分词，restaurant要用has，第二个空要用一般过去时态。故选：B。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对被动语态掌握。14Bythetimethefiremanarrived there，thebigfire_.（）AhadbeenputupBhadbeenputoutChadputoffDha
26、dputdown【分析】到消防员来到的时候，大火已经被扑灭了。【解答】put up张贴；put off推迟；put out扑灭；put down放下。根据句意可知，这里说的是大火被扑灭了，并且这里the big fire和put out之间是被动的关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选：B。【点评】考查句子时态。时态考查的题目需要先找准时间标志词，根据时间标志词判断时态，没有标志词的可以根据翻译判断语境，再根据时态的结构进行选择。15He cant remember how many times he needs to _ of _ late for school.（）Aremind；not bein
27、gBbe reminded；not beingCremind；not to beDbe reminded；not to be【分析】他不记得上学要提醒他多少次不要迟到。【解答】分析题干，我们可知主语是he，他被提醒，第一空用被动语态，排除AC；be reminded of sth/doing sth，排除D。故选：B。【点评】考查动名词，要牢记词义及用法，进行比较分析，选择正确答案。16Which is the sentence pattern of It is raining heavily？_.（）AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+VDS+V+O+OC【分析】雨下得很大的句型是什么？主
28、语+谓语【解答】It 主语，is raining heavily谓语，所以这个句型是主谓结构。故选：C。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对主语的掌握。17The mother is reading a story to her young children.（）A表语B谓语C宾语D定语【分析】这位母亲正在给她的孩子们读故事。【解答】is reading正在读，现在进行时态，作谓语。故选：B。【点评】分析句子结构，根据划线内容，选择合适答案。18My dog is really cute，and I like it very much.（）A表语B谓语C宾语D状语【分析】我的狗很可爱，我非
29、常喜欢它。【解答】be动词后加形容词作表语，really副词修饰形容词cute。故选：A。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。19I want to call you but my phone isnt working.（）A表语B状语C主语D宾语【分析】我想给你打电话，但我的电话坏了。【解答】固定短语 want to do sth想做某事，want后面的动词不定式做宾语。故选：D。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。20Jenny wants to enjoy the story telling club.划线部分是做（）A宾语B定语C宾语补足语【分析
30、】珍妮想享受讲故事俱乐部的乐趣。划线部分是做定语。【解答】story telling 讲故事，修饰后面的名词 club，作定语。故选：B。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。21My grandma often tells me stories at night.划线部分在句子中做（）A宾语B表语C状语【分析】我奶奶经常在晚上给我讲故事。划线部分在句子中做状语。【解答】My grandma 主语，often tells 谓语，me 间接宾语，stories 直接宾语，at night时间状语。故选：C。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对句子成分的掌握。22 Is th
31、ere an old tree in Jinci Temple？Yes._，it has been there for more than 3000 years.（）AOnce upon a timeBIn the endCA s far as I know【分析】晋祠里有棵古树吗？是的。据我所知，它在那里已经有3000多年了。【解答】根据Is there an old tree in Jinci Temple？Yes._，it has been there for more than 3000 years.你晋祠里有棵古树吗？是的。_，它在那里已经有3000多年了。可知对方是知道晋祠里有棵古
32、树并且它在那里已经有3000多年了。结合选项，AOnce upon a time 从前；BIn the end 最后； CAs far as I know 据我所知；C项符合题意。故选：C。【点评】解答此类试题时，务必充分理解上下文的语境，同时要正确理解所给选项的细微区别。23Which of the following sentences is right？（）AShe has left Xuzhou for a week.BShe hopes me to be a doctor.CShe asked me why to choose the book.DShe moved to Xuzho
33、u two years ago.【分析】下面哪个句子是对的？【解答】A项错误，leave是非延续性动词，根据for a week可知应用延续性动词。B项错误，hope to do是固定搭配，me应去掉。C项错误，why引导宾语从句，to choose应改为chose。D项正确。故选：D。【点评】考查句子改错，根据句子的语境结合所学时态、语法和固定搭配等知识判断句子对错。24下列句子是主语+系动词+表语结构的是（）AHe is like a father to me.BI think its healthy.CThis kind of pens sells well.【分析】下列句子是主语+系动
34、词+表语结构的是他对我就像一个父亲一样。【解答】think和sell为谓语动词，故B为主谓宾；C是主谓的句子；is是系动词，故A选项是主系表的句子。故选：A。【点评】本题考查主系表的句子，需要认真分析句子成分，选出正确答案。25The structure（结构）of the sentence I need your help. is_.AS+VBS+V+OCS+V+P【分析】我需要你的帮助这个句子的结构是主谓宾。【解答】I need your help.表示我需要你的帮助，其中主语（S）是I，谓语（V）是need，宾语（O）是your help，则该句是主谓宾结构。故选：B。【点评】本题考查句
35、子结构，要求学生掌握常见的五种句型结构，再根据题干进行选择即可。26All the volunteers thought her a good helper.The sentence type is .（）AS+V+PBS +V+DO+OCCS+V+IO+DODS+V+DO【分析】所有的志愿者都认为她是个好帮手。是S +V+DO+OC结构。【解答】All the volunteers是主语，thought是谓语动词，her是宾语，a good helper是宾语补足语；是主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补的结构。故选：B。【点评】考查简单句的基本句型，要熟练掌握各种简单句的句型。27The sente
36、nce pattern of We make Qingyang City beautiful. is _.（）AS+V+OBS+V+PCS+V+IO+DODS+V+DO+OC【分析】我们使庆阳城美丽的句型是主+谓+宾+宾补。【解答】S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据We make Qingyang City beautiful可知，we主语；make谓语；Qingyang City宾语；beautiful宾补。故选：D。【点评】注意判断主干成分，确定各个部分对应的成分。28_a birthday cake
37、on your table？Yes，_.（）AIs there，there isBIs there，it isCIs it，there isDIs it，is it【分析】你桌上有生日蛋糕吗？是的，有。【解答】there be句型的一般疑问句是直接把be动词提前，回答的时候也要用there be回答。故选：A。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的掌握和对there be句型的掌握。29Finishing this paper needs being very careful.But dont worry. relaxed，and you will be sure to come through i
38、t with good preparations.（）ABeingBTo beCBe【分析】完成这篇论文需要非常小心。但别担心。放松，你一定会做好充分的准备来度过难关。【解答】考查祈使句的用法，根据形容词relaxed放松的，用祈使句的肯定形式，在形容词前面加Be。故选：C。【点评】本题考查祈使句的用法，在平时的学习中注意积累与运用，达到熟练掌握的目的。30 interesting the film is !（）AWhatBHowCWhat an【分析】这部电影多有趣啊！【解答】在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词，根据interesting the film is !可知句型结构为：How +副词+主语+谓语动词！故选：B。【点评】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合感叹句的构成准确作答。第 17 页 共 17 页
