1、 Unit 3 Computers I 教学内容分析本单元的中心话题是“计算机”。Warming up部分用图片呈现了计算机发展的历史，让学生通过看图讨论的方式了解计算机的发展和演变过程。Reading部分编者采用了拟人化的手法向读者介绍了计算机的发展历程。Comprehending部分包括三个练习，分别从事实层面、分析层面和拓展层面考察学生对文章的理解和运用情况。Learning about language部分的活动突出了形容词和副词用法的区别，并扣本单元的语法点（现在完成时的被动语态）。Using language部分的听力材料中谈论的是信息技术的几种形态或载体（包括收音机、书籍、电视和
2、电脑；在读说活动中，通过智能机器人参加足球赛的经历向读者介绍了计算机运用的另外一个例子。Learning Tip部分鼓励学生利用图书馆，网络等课外资源学习英语，有利于学生使用资源策略。Reading for Fun 部分是一首活泼风趣的小诗，以拟人的方法让机器人自述了心声：尽管日夜忙碌，为人服务，但它相信自己和真实的人类没什么两样。II教学重点和难点1教学重点(1) 本单元的生词和短语；(2) 通过学习本单元，使学生了解计算机的发展历程，及其在当今社会的广泛运用；(3) 鼓励学生用英语表达自己的观点，进行简单的推理和做出决定。2教学难点(1) 教会学生通过时间的先后顺序来表达一件事；(2) 使
3、学生了和掌握现在完成时的被动语态的用法；(3) 指导学生按类别归纳整理词汇，让学生学会有效地记忆词汇的方法；(4) 引导学生发现本单元重点语言结构，让学生自己发现并感悟相关的语言规律，在学习过程中培养语感。III教学计划本单元分六课时：第一课时：Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading第二课时：Language points第三课时：Learning about language第四课时：Listening第五课时：Speaking, Reading, WritingIV教学步骤：Period 1 Warming Up, Pre-reading, ReadingTeac
4、hing Goals: 1. To know something about computers.2. To learn and talk about computers. Teaching Procedures:Step 1. Leading-inPurpose: To activate the Ss and arouse them to talk about the importance of computers in modern society.Ask Ss whether they have a computer or not and what they use it for. Le
5、t them talk as much as possible.Step 2. Warming Up Purpose: To get Ss to think about the different ways computers can be made.Pair workGet Ss to look at the following pictures, and then ask them to answer the questions. A huge computer A PCA notebook computer A calculator An abacus1. What are they?2
6、. What do they have in common?3. What is a computer?Suggested Answers:1. a huge computer, a personal computer, a notebook computer, a calculator, an abacus2. (1) to be used to calculate;(2) operate by human beings;(3) they are all artificial;(4) show figures in a certain way.3. A computer is a machi
7、ne which stores knowledge in its memory and does calculations on that knowledge. This knowledge is stored in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has a monitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used for voice mail.A computer is now almost always an
8、electronic device. It usually contains materials which are toxic; these materials will become toxic waste when disposed of. When a new computer is purchased in some places, laws require that the cost of its waste management must also be paid for. This is called product stewardship.Step 3. Pre-readin
9、gPurpose: To activate Ss interest about computers.Group workAsk Ss the following questions and encourage them to say more.1. How have computers changed our lives ?2. What do you know about computers ?Suggested Answers:1. Theyre a much more useful and humane tool than the phone , and with corporate A
10、merica behind them the networks will be everywhere- changing our lives more than any technology since the automobile.2. A multi-function electronic device that can execute instructions to perform a task.A device that accepts information, processes it, and supplies an output. A computer usually conta
11、ins memory, a control unit, arithmetic and logical units, and a means for input and output.A programmable hardware component that is controlled by internally stored programs and that can perform substantial computations (including arithmetic and logic operations) without human intervention. A comput
12、er typically consists of one or more processing units, memory units, and associated peripheral input and output devices.Step 4. Reading1. SkimmingPurpose: 1. To get a brief understanding of the text. 2. To train the students listening ability. First, let Ss skim the text and then listen to the recor
13、ding of the text. Pay attention to the pauses and pronunciation.2. ScanningPurpose: To get Ss to have some details in the text. Now we are to read the text again and underline all the expressions in the text. Write them down in your notebook.3. Further ReadingPurpose: To get Ss to get more details a
14、bout the text. Read the text again and find the information to complete the table, which describes the development of computer.1642: _ 1822: The Analytical Machine was made by Charles Babbage._: _1940s: _: The first family of computers was connected to each other.1970s: _Now: _Step 5. RetellPurpose:
15、 To have a deep understanding of the text.Ask Ss to use the chart above to retell the development of the computer.One possible version:I, a computer, was a calculating machine in 1642 in France. Then I was built as an Analytical Machine in 1822, which was a technological revolution. I became a “univ
16、ersal machine” in 1936 to solve any mathematical problem. I was not very big at first then I became huge, the size of a large room before I was made smaller and smaller. Getting new transistors, later very small chips I changed my shape. I was connected with other computers and turned out to part of
17、 a network in the early 1960s. In 1970s I was brought into peoples homes, and came the Internet.Step 6. Homework1. Write a short passage about the development of computers.2. Finish Ex1 (P19), Ex2 (P20).Period 2 Language points Step 1 Word studyGroup workDivide Ss into four groups and ask them to di
18、scuss the following words.1. common （1） most widely known; ordinary:Eg He is a common sailor.（2） have nothing/little/something/ a lot in commonEg At first, I think we only had one thing in common, but suddenly I felt we had a lot in common.Eg The two brothers had everything in common in their manner
19、s, but the two sisters have little in common.Eg They have nothing in common with one another.2. analytical分析的Eg The scientist analyzed the milk and found it contained too much water. 3.technology 科技；技术Eg With the development of technology, we will cure AIDS sooner or later.4.calculate(v.)1) to use n
20、umbers to find out a total amount, distance, etc. 计算； 核算We havent really calculated the cost of the vacation yet.2) to guess sth by using all the information available 推测，估计It is impossible to calculate what influence he had on her life.5.As time went by, I was made smaller.随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。go by :
21、to pass 逝去，过去Things will get easier as time goes by. 随着时间的推移，情况会有所改善。6.totally:completely 完全地； 全部地； 整个地 They come from totally different cultures.他们来自完全不同的文化。7.share with: to have or use sth at the same time as sb else 共用，合用 Mary shares a house with three other students. 玛丽和另外三个学生合住一间房子。 Share in 分享
22、，分担8.explore (v.) 1)to travel to or around an area or a country in order to learn about it 勘察； 探索； 考察 The city is best explored on foot. 最好是徒步考察这个城市。 2）examine sth completely or carefully in order to find out more about it. 探究，调查研究 These ideas will be explored in more detail in Chapter 7.这些想法将在第七章里作
23、更详细地探讨。9.in a way: to a certain extent 在某种程度上 In a way you are right, but this new textbook is too boring. 从某种程度上说你是对的，但是这本新教材是很枯躁的。 In the way 阻碍，妨碍Step 2. HomeworkUse the words above to make sentences and check them with your partner.Period 3 Learning about LanguageStep 1. Learning about Language1
24、. Fill the blanks and check the answers altogether.(1) Snow is _(常见的) in cold countries.(2). Can you _(估计)the cost of this journey? (3). The _(分析) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable cluesto the police.(4) I shall go and see him _(无论如何)(5) Hes some kind of _(数学)genius.(6). He is t
25、oo s_ to work out such a difficult problem.(7). He asked his fathers o_ about his plans.(8). How are you going to d_ with the letter?(9). I _(完全) agree to your plan.(10). This is a t_ beautiful picture.2. Change the following sentences with the meaning not changed. (1) I like a lot of what she likes
26、.We have a lot_ _.(2) Harry helped me with my English, so I learnt a lot. I made great progress in English_ Harrys _.(3) Time passed quickly. Peter grew into a tall young man. With the time _ _, Peter became a tall young man.(4) You said it was very special. I dont think so. I_ with what you said.(5
27、) In my opinion, Mickey is the kind of person we need. _, Mickey is the very man we need. 3. GrammarPurpose: To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point: present perfect passive voice.(1) Presentation Revise the grammar: the present passive voice.am / is / are + done Revise the grammar: the pr
28、esent perfect voice.Have/has + done Explain the grammar: the present perfect passive voice.Have/has been +done(2) PracticePurpose: To get Ss to have knowledge of the grammar through exercise. Fill the blanks with the correct tense.A. The window is dirty. It _ _ (not clean) for weeks.B. -George and L
29、ucy got married last week. Did they have a big wedding?-No, I _ (not invite). Did they have a big wedding?. C. -Have you moved to your new apartment? -Not yet, it _(paint) at the moment.D. too much. The students have been made _(not play) computer games E. Since then, all different kinds of informat
30、ion _(处理)by computers.F. He doesnt mind the story _(编造) in this way.G. Do you know how many websites there are _(连接)?Suggested Answers: A. hasnt been cleaned B. hadnt been invited C. is being painted D. not to play E. has been dealt with F. being made up G. to be connected Translating following sent
31、ences into Chinese and pay attention to the present passive voice. A. A new personal computer has been bought.B. Many problems ahs been found with our new computer.C. A PC has been built the way we wanted.D. Our computer has just jointed to the Internet.E. The computer ahs been used every day since
32、we bought it.F. A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past year.Step 2. Homework Finish Ex1 (P21), Ex2 (P21) and Ex3 (P21).Period 4 Listening Purpose: To train Ss listening ability. To train Ss to make a summary.Step 1. Listening (Using Language)1. Show the fours pictures to Ss a
33、nd let them talk about them. TV DVD BOOKS CD-ROM 2.Listen to the tape3. Listening task (Workbook P58)Period 5 Speaking, Reading, WritingStep 1. Speaking1. Group workGet two Ss to be a group and tell each group do as follows. Then let some of the groups present their reports.You and your partner have
34、 been asked to help choose computers for your school. You have looked at several computers. Talk about the special things each computer can do. Make a decision about which kind of computer to buy and explain why. Write a report about your choice. Then read your report to another group as if they are
35、 a teacher or the headmaster. Below is a list of things your computer could have. Try to use the present perfect passive voice in your report.A faster PC the monitor is smallerImproved disc storage used recycled materialsInternet a flat screen2. Individual workSuppose every student have a chance to
36、get a computer and they can choose any kind of computer. Let them think about the reasons they choose the computer. Then ask them to present their reasons. Step 2. Reading (Using Language)Purpose: To train Ss reading ability.1. Listen to the tape and get the main idea of the passage.2. read the pass
37、age carefully and ask Ss to answer the following questions.(1) What does he act as on the team?(2) What helped him to move and think?(3) Why does he think the team who won the first place cheated?Suggested Answers:(1) On the team, Im a striker, so I can run very fast.(2) My computer chips help me to
38、 move and think like a human.(3) Because they had a new kind of program, which had just been developed before the competition.Step 3. WritingPurpose: To develop Ss writing ability.1. Individual work You are an android. You work for a family with one child who is very spoiled. The parents want you to
39、 everything for them. The parents are nice, but they often ask you to watch over their child. How do you feel? What would you do if the child asked you to do his/her homework for him/her? Would you ever tell the child “no”? Write an article according to your answers the following questions. 1.What d
40、o you do? 2 How do you help the child?3 How do you feel?4 How do the family treat you?5.What is your decision?You may begin like this: Hello, everybody. My name is _.I am a 321 model android. I work for Li familyOne possible version:Hello everybody, my name is Liu Yan. I am a 321 model android. I wo
41、rk for the Li family and I look after their library. My job is to store all the books that they borrow from their school or friends in my brain. Of course my brain is as large as a mountain so work like that is no trouble to me. I really eat books just like people eat food. The Lis have a child who
42、needs me to remember all his school textbooks so I can do his homework for him. He just gives me the information on the subject, what has to be done and the page numbers and I get on with it while he enjoys himself with his friends. Sometimes I dont think it is right to do his homework for himits so
43、mewhat cheating. However, his parents are very concerned at the pressure of work in school these days. The child has too much homework to do. They like him to go to the key school but they also want him to be able to have hobbies, learn to swim and keep fit! Poor child!Mr and Mrs Li work very hard t
44、oo. Mr Li is an architect and designs great tall apartment blocks. Mrs Li is a doctor and has to look after many patients. I remember all the plans for Mr Lis projects and can tell Mrs Li which drugs are the best to give any particular patient. Mrs Li no longer has to read all those medical journals
45、 because I can do it for her. She and her husband have sometime together to enjoy life too. So they consider me the most important person in the family after themselves. I am always introduced to their friends and play with visiting children. I am the perfect family academic aid and, although I was
46、not cheap to buy, Mr Li says I was worth every yuan!2. HomeworkNow computer games become more and more popular among students. Write an article on this topic to show their views.One possible version: Computer GamesTheres a famous saying, Everything has two sides, the ad-vantages and disadvantages. C
47、omputer games are no exception. In its development computer games have brought both advantages and disadvantages. Now, heres an example: A racecar game Need For Speed III is absolutely a fantastic game. Imagine this: You sit in-front of the screen with wheels in your hands and eyes fixed on the scre
48、en. You can feel the powerful roaring of the 3600ml engine from Porsche 911 Turbo as you drive up to 290km/h without any real danger. You can also hear the wheels screaming as a sharp turn was being made. And if you have a 3Dfx card you can really feel what is realistic. The road, the raindrops, the
49、 snowflakes and other racecars seem as real, which give us a great pleasure and satisfaction. Apart from it, they can train us to respond to things quickly. Moreover, computer games can stimulate our imagination and interest in electronics and computer sciences. On the other hand, computer games als
50、o have its disadvantages. First, it is harmful to our eyes and health, which is one of the most serious disadvantages about computer games. And sec-only, we are still middle school students, playing games is not our destination. If we play games too much, we may forget those things that we should do
51、, because we lack the ability to control ourselves. Also, games cost a lot of money, especially for us who do not have a regular income So, what attitude shall we hold towards computer games? Of course, we can not kill games, nor could we stop them from developing, because they are required by all k
52、inds of people. After all, playing games is a primitive type of using computer, as many of my classmates do. And I think we should not stick to them, and if you dont have the ability to control yourself, youd better keep away from it before you really stick to it. Sample writing 2:With the developme
53、nt of computer-technology, computers are becoming more and more popular with people all over the world. The frequency of using computer has risen year by year. The advantages taken over by computers can be seen everywhere. Due to the comprehensive applications of the computer, it has been gradually
54、taking place of human beings in some areas. Such as people can use computers to compose,to purchase gods, and to hold meetings. Whats more, computer can greatly enhance peoples working efficiency. However, everything has its two aspects. Computer also has some disadvantages. Take some examples. Sinc
55、e computer games now have been more prevalent among students, they almost spend more than 6 hours for entertainment on computer, and not study any more. Next, many people now like to communicate with their friends on line, and they meet less frequent than ever before. As a result, the lack of the language speaking leads to their expression barriers. In short, we should make the best use of its good aspect to get more imperilments.
