1、GrammarThe Passive Voiceam,is,are+过去分词was,were+过去分词shall,will+be+过去分词am,is,are+being+过去分词was,were+being+过去分词has,have+been+过去分词had been+过去分词 Look!Theres nothing here.Everything has been taken away.I was born in 1991.She is liked by everybody.不知道动作的执行者不必提出动作的执行者强调动作的承受者 1.He made that old man work all
2、 day.That old man was made to work all day.2.We saw him leave the office.He was seen to leave the office.结论:使役动词在被动结构中其宾补结构要带to。1.I noticed him cross the street.He was noticed to cross the street.2.They often help me clean the room.I am helped to clean the room.3.We often see her read English in the
3、 morning.She is often seen to read English in the morning.将下列句子改为被动态。That old man was often laughed at.The doctor has been sent for.结论:短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组,在被动结构中也是如此,不可去掉后面的介词或副词。1.一定要充分利用时间。Time must be made good use of.2.坏习惯已经被改掉了。Bad habits have been done away with.3.那个计划就要被他们放弃了。The plan will b
4、e given up by them.4.孩子将被很好地照顾。The children will be taken good care of.汉译英。They played a trick on the boy.The boy was played a trick on(by them).A trick was played on him(by them).结论:可以把原句中的宾语或动词后的名词作为被动语态的主语。不可去掉后面的介词或副词。结论:带双宾语的动词的被动语态的形式为:由其中一个宾语作主语,若物作主语，动词后需跟上介词to/for。We gave him some books.He
5、was given some books.Some books were given to him.We elected him our monitor.He was elected our monitor by us.We saw him sitting there without doing anything.He was seen sitting there without doing anything.结论:带有宾语补足语的动词的被动语态原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。They say(that)he will go abroad.结论:1.把从句中的主语变为被动句的主语；2.把it作
6、为形式主语构成被动句。(report;believe;say;announce;think;declare等词。)He is said to go abroad.Its said(that)he will go abroad.1.need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be done2.be worth doing3.Sb/sth+be+adj.+to do 4.have sth to do/with sth to do5.be+prep+n.6.smell;feel;taste;look;sound7.start;begin;open;clo
7、se;finish;stop;end;8.read;write;sell;wash;lock;wear 9.疑问词+to do1.The door was locked by the monitor.The door was locked.2.The composition was written with great care.The composition is well written.结论:被动语态表示动作,句子主语是动作对象;而“连系动词+表语(过去分词)”表示状态,其中过去分词相当于形容词。1.He must be prevented from going.2.The plan o
8、ught to be put intopractice as soon as possible.结论:含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为:“情态动词+be+p.p”改错:1.Such things neednt talked.Such things neednt be talked about.2.The books may kept for two weeks by you.The books may be kept for two weeks by you.1.As a boy he _(educate)in many schools.2.He _(give)the nickname,“the
9、 student who asks questions”.3.The results of his experiments _(publish)in China in 1966.was educatedwas givenwere published3.Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets.P 34.4.Finally,in 1970 a naturally sterile male rice plant_(discover).5.50 thousand square kilometres of rice fields _(conv
10、ert)to growing vegetables.6.Following this,Yuan Longpings rice _(export)to other countries.was discoveredwere convertedwas exported课后小练用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.The trees _(plant)in rows in the field by our class tomorrow.2.His leg _(hurt)when he _ (fall)from the tree yesterday.3.The children must _(take)go
11、od care of while their teacher is away.will be plantedwas hurtfellbe taken4.The hospital _(build)a few years ago.It _(repair)at the moment.5.Last summer I visited the Peoples Great Hall,in which many important meetings _(hold)every year.was builtis being repairedare heldLook at the sentence and deci
12、de which question the underlined phrase answers.He thought he could produce more rice by crossing different species of plant.1.What could he produce?2.Why should he produce more rice?3.How could he produce more rice?by 与动词-ing连用，译为“通过”。表示方式。等同于状语从句的变体。e.g.By helping them we are helping to save ourse
13、lves.2.Rewrite the sentences by changing the underlined phrases with a phrase beginning with by+ing.Example:You can get a good job if you study hard.You can get a good job by studying hard.1.Yuan Longping changed agriculture in China.He discovered a new type of rice.Yuan Longping changed agriculture
14、 in China by discovering a new type of rice.Researchers learn things by carrying out experiments.2.Researchers learn things when they carry out experiments.3.They changed the design and so they built a better engine.By changing the design they built a better engine.You will become a better pianist by practising often.4.You will become a better pianist if you practise often.5.If we plan for the future we can be happy in the present.By planning for the future we can be happy in the present.Finish the exercises in the workbooks.
