1、M5 GrammarAttributive ClausesRead the sentences below and underline the relative clauses.1.Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.2.But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers.3.Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest.4.
2、Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.5.He came from a family which was very poor.More relative clauses from the passage:1.Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.2.Mozi was another teacher who was very influential.3.He spent many years trying to fin
3、d a state where people would follow his teachings.The Attributive Clause (I )1.Definition（定义）定语从句:如果修饰某个名词或代词的是句子，这个句子就叫定语从句。I like school dancing that can gives us pleasure.被修饰的词称为先行词(antecedent)连接定语从句和先行词的词称为关系词(引导词)。Grammar:主句先行词定语从句2.关系词的作用He is the scientist who won the Nobel Prize.1）引导作用2）替代作用
4、3）成分作用He is the scientist.The scientist won the Nobel Prize.who3.关系词：关系代词(relative pronoun):who,that,which,whom,whose关系副词(relative adverb):when,where,why注意：1.做宾语时，关系词可省；2.只有that可做表语；2.Who 和 that不能用于介词后面。which/that 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略;作宾语可以省略。1)His dream is to go to a university that is close to hi
5、s high school.His dream is to go to a university which is close to his high school.2)The film that we saw last night was very wonderful.The film which we saw last night was very wonderful.The film we saw last night was very wonderful.whose 是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。q I saw a woman.Her bag was stolen.I s
6、aw a woman whose bag was stolen.q Please show me the book.Its cover is red.Please show me the book whose cover is red.q Ill call a person.His father knows you.Ill call a person whose father knows you.who 指人(既它的先行词必须是人),在从句中作主语或宾语。但whom 是宾格,只能作宾语。(that有时也指人。代替who,whom，可作主语或宾语)He knew the teacher who
7、met me yesterday.He knew the teacher whom we met yesterday.He knew the teacher who we met yesterday.He knew the teacher(that)we met yesterday.1.This is the car _which I boughtlast year.2.This is the car _which I paid 100$.3.This is the car _which I spent 100$.4.This is the car _which I go to workeve
8、ry day.5.This is the car _ which I cant go to work.-foronbywithout关系代词前介词(介词which)的确定6.This is the car _which the old man was knocked down7.This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.8.This is the car _which we talked.9.This is the car _which the windowwas brokenbyataboutof关系代词前介词(介词which)的确定1.根据从句中
9、动词与先行词的逻辑关系。Is that the newspaper _which you often write articles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配。Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ which Im not sure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯。1949 was the year _which the P.R.C.was founded.关系代词前介词(介词which)的确定forabout/ofin=when 介词+关系代词的常见结构：介词+which/whom1.This is the famous s
10、inger _we have often talked.2.Fortunately we had a map,_ we would have got lost.名词+of+which/whom Please pass me the book _ is blue.请把那本蓝封面的书递给我。about whomwithout whichwhose cover/the cover of which (5)介词+which+名词1.He usually returns home at ten,_ his father locks all the doors ad windows.他通常十点钟回家，在这
11、时候他爸爸锁好所有的门窗。2.His wife got seriously ill,_ he had to give up the chance of going abroad.他的妻子病得很重，在这种情况下，他不得不放弃出国的机会。at which hourin which case1.He studied in Chengdu No.7 High School,_ he went to Peking University.A.after which B.after that C.after it D.after when2.He is a famous scientist _ the pr
12、esident gave award.A.to who B.to whom C.to that D.to whichAHe studied in Chengdu No.7 High School,after which he went to Peking University.He studied in Chengdu No.7 High School,and after that he went to Peking University.B1.He cleaned the windows of the classroom,most of which hadnt been cleaned fo
13、r long.He cleaned the windows of the classroom,and most of_ hadnt been cleaned for long.them人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节2.He has two sons,both of _ went abroad two years ago.whomHe has two sons,and both of_ went abroad two years ago.them人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节3.I bought a book yesterday,the price of which is reasonable.
14、I bought a book yesterday,and the price of _ is reasonable.it人称代词和关系代词使用注意细节1.This is the house _ he lived(vi.)2.This is the house _he visited.(vt.)where/in which which/that关系副词when,where,why的使用3.That was the day _ I first went abroad.4.2008 was the year _ I will never forget.when/on which which/tha
15、t关系副词when,where,why的使用5.The reason _ I bought the roses is that my girlfriend likes them.6.The reason _ he explained to me is simply unbelievable.why/for which(which/that)关系副词when,where,why的使用只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的6种情况：a)不定代词，如：any,nothing,something,somebody,the one,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时，只用that
16、，不用which。凡是能够做的都已经做了。All that could be done has been done.b)先行词有the only,the very，the last等修饰时，只用that。这正是我需要的书。This is the very book that I need.c)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。他是第一个被发现的人。He was the first man that was found.d)先行词既有人又有物时，用that，不用which/who。They spent the whole night talking about the thin
17、gs and people that have impressed them deeply in 2008.e)关系代词在从句中作表语时，用that。China is no longer the country that it was 30 years ago.北川不再是地震前的那个美丽的城市。_BC is no longer the beautiful town that it was before the quake.f)which/who引导的特殊疑问句中，用that。Which of the events that have happened this year has impress
18、ed you most?你在找的人是谁？Who is the person _?that you are looking forP44 Act3 Match the two parts of the sentences1.Confucius lived in a century2.Ancient China was a country3.Some rulers followed the advice4.Philosophers were people5.Mozi was a manA.Where there were a lot of new ideas.B.Which Mencius gav
19、e/C.Whose ideas were very influential.D.Who lived an unusual life.E.When there was a lot of war.Act.4:Complete each sentence with one of these words.1.Mencius wrote a book _many people have read.2.Mencius came from a part of the world _ change was happening fast.3.This was a period _ many people bec
20、ame interested in Confuciuss teachings.who which when where whosewhichwherewhenwho which when where whose4.Mozi was a man _ behaviour was often unusual.5.Mozi was a teacher _ principles were different from those of Confucius.6.It was a time _ philosophers could have positions in governments.7.He came from an area _ people were very poor.whosewhosewhenwhereAssignment1.Ex.4 on Page 44;Ex.3&4 on Page 47;2.Ex.2&3 on Page 91;3.Workbook Period 5 Module 5；
