1、阶段检测卷(四)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A2022江西省部分省级示范性重点中学高三联考Bruges, BelgiumIfyouveseenthemovieInBruges, youprobablyknowalittlebitaboutthiscity.AndeventhoughColinFarrellscharacterkeepssayingitsboring, youcantdenythebeautyofthismedievalcity.TheGothicarchi
2、tectureisjustmesmerizing, allthoseprettybuildingswrappedinvinesthatbecomeallshadesofcrimsoninthefallitsafeastforyoureyes.Andthecanals, youhavetotakeaboatridethroughthecanalswhenyourethereitsincredible.Plus, theyhavethemostcharmingopenairmarketsthatworkallthewayuntiltheendofNovember, anditsalsoagreat
3、opportunitytotastethebesthotchocolateyoulleverhaveinyourlife.Piedmont, ItalyIfyoulikewineandgoodfood, autumnisyourpeakseasonforvisitingItaly.FallisvineyardharvesttimesodefinitelygotoPiedmont.Theyalsohavelotsofdifferentfoodfestivalsintheautumnhere, soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles, chestnutsor
4、chocolate, Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall.LoireValley, FranceForthoseofyouwhowanttowitnessthecolorfuldisplaysofautumnwithaglassofwineinyourhand, LoireValleyisyourbestdestination.ThisregionofFranceisfamousforitsvineyardsandlateOctoberisthepeakseasonifyouwanttoseeallthevineyardsinablazeofred, orangeandg
5、oldenhues.Itstrulyasighttobehold.Amsterdam, theNetherlandsAmsterdamisbeautifulatanytimeoftheyear, buttheresjustsomethingincrediblyromanticandpicturesqueaboutgoingonabikerideinAmsterdamintheautumn.Allthebeautifultreescoveredinredandorangeleaves, themazeofcanalsreflectingthegoldenraysofthesun, beautif
6、ulandcharmingarchitectureofthehousesthatstandalongsidethecanalslookabitmagicalinthefall.1Inhowmanyplacescanyouenjoywineaccordingtothepassage?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.2WhatcanvisitorstasteinbothBrugesandPiedmont?ATruffles.BMushrooms.CChocolate.DChestnuts.3Whichactivitycanbeincludedtoyourautumntrip?AVis
7、itmanyhistoricsitesinPiedmont.BWatchthemovieInBrugesinBelgium.CTakeaboatridethroughthecanalsinAmsterdam.DGetthebestviewofthevineyardsinLoireValleyinlateOctober.B2022西安高三第一学期自主复习检测试题Ingeneral, therichesofthenaturalworldarentspreadevenlyacrosstheglobe.PlacesliketheTropicalAndesinSouthAmericaaresimplyp
8、ackedwithuniquespecies, manyofwhichcantbefoundinanyotherplaces.Untilrecently, themainexplanationforthebiologicalrichesconcentratedinplacesliketheAmazonBasinwasthatsuchplacesmustbeenginesofbiodiversity, withnewspeciesevolvingatafasterratethanotherpartsoftheworld.Butnow, newresearchonbirdevolutionmayt
9、urnthatassumptiononitshead, insteadsupportingtheideathatareaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster.Theresearcherssaythesebiodiversity“coldspots”aregenerallyfoundinenvironmentsfeaturingfreezing, dryandunstableconditions.Thoughtheresearchersfoundtheselocationswithfewbirdspeciestendtopr
10、oducenewonesathighrates, theyfailtoaccumulatemanyspeciesbecausetheunstableconditionsfrequentlymakethenewlifeformsdieout.Themorewellknown“hotspots”，bycontrast, haveaccumulatedtheirlargenumbersofspeciesbybeingwarm, hospitableandrelativelystable.Indeed, theresearchersfoundthatthecountlessbirdspeciestha
11、tcalltheAmazonhometendtobeolderinevolutionaryterms.“NewspeciesdoforminplacesliketheAmazon, justnotasfrequentlyasinthedrygrasslandsintheAndes，”saysElizabeth, anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofTennessee.Theresearchersmanagedtocollect1,940samplesrepresenting1,287ofthe1,306birdspeciesfromSouthAmer
12、ica.Theiranalysisshowedthatthebestpredictorofwhetheranareawouldproducenewspeciesatahighratewashowmanyspecieslivedthere, ratherthanclimateorgeographicfeatureslikemountains.Speciesrichareastendedtoproducenewspeciesmoreslowly.“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequentlybecausethereslesscompeti
13、tionandmoreavailableopportunitiesfornewspecies，”saysGustavoBravo, aleadresearcher.Thestudysfindingsaddnewurgencytoprotectecosystemsthatmaylookbarren,_butmayactuallybenatureshothousesfortheevolutionofnewspecies.4WhyisSouthAmericamentionedinthefirstparagraph?ATomakeacomparison.BTointroducethetopic.CTo
14、explainafact.DTodrawaconclusion.5Whatdeterminestherisingrateofnewspeciesinaplace?AThenumberofitsthenspecies.BTheenvironmenttheylivedin.CThesurvivalskillsofspecies.DThedifferentbiologicalfactors.6Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“barren”inthelastparagraph?ADryandbare.BLivelyandactive
15、.CNiceandgreen.DComplexandunpredictable.7Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?ATropicalareasarehometolargenumbersofspeciesBNewspeciesprefertoliveintheextremeclimateCHarshenvironmentsposeagreaterthreattospeciesDTheworseecosystemmaygivebirthtonewspeciesfasterC2022豫北名校联考高三上学期定位考试Thatyoungstersweregluedtoo
16、nlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena, aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30yearoldsocialscienceteacher, whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute, anadultliteracycentre, saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.Itbreaksmyheartwhenever
17、Iseeanswersheetsbasicgrammarskillsaremissingandtheresanabsenceofanycohesive (连贯的) expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero，”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases, sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,
18、 Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulionAugust30th, 2020, wherepassersbycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks, biographiesandnovelsaswellascomicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread, butthatisokay，”shelaug
19、hed.Meenasbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths, hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now, generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate, includingoneinthecapital, Itanagar.Sincethetinylib
20、rariesarefarfromthemaintown, shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration，”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood, wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idontwantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack，”sheadded.8Wh
21、atstheaimofMeenasreadingprogram?ATocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.BTohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.CTokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.DTohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.9WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?ASheofferedsomerewardstothem.BSheprovidedthemwithtranspor
22、tation.CShechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.DSheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.10WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeenaslibraries?ASmallanduseless.BInfluentialandmeaningful.CLargebutimpractical.DWidespreadbutunwelcome.11Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?ABooks: SourcesofKnowledgeBTheRoadsideReadingCornerCTheLi
23、brary: anIdealplacefortheYoungDNewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlanD2022沈阳市高三教学质量监测(三)Constantlyforcingknowledgeandexperiencesintoyourbrainmayseemlikethequickestpathtoselfimprovement.Butsometimesthebestthingyoucandoforyourbrainisabsolutelynothingatall.Payinglessattentiontosurroundingswhetherbyshowering,
24、 pullingweeds, orpettingadogprovidesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest.Itsatimewhenyoucanputimmediatetasksasidelikehowtomeettheworkdeadlineandinsteadfocusoncurrentfeelings, reflectonthepast, andthinkaboutthefuture.Intheblankness, MRI (核磁共振成像) brainimagingshowsaharmonyofgraymattercalled
25、thedefaultmodenetwork (默认模式网络) takescontrol.Neuroscientists (神经系统科学家) stilldontcompletelyunderstandhowthissystemworks, buttheythinkitconnectsharmoniouspartsofourbrains, whichcanhelpusfindmeaninginourmessylives.“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety, boostcreativity, andimprovememory，”saysMaryHelenImmo
26、rdinoYang, aneuroscientistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniasBrainandCreativityInstitute.Thetroubleis, thebattleoflifeleaveslittleroomtoletyourmindwander.Manyspendtheirfreetimeconsumingentertainment.Itmayfeelrelaxingbutrequiresbrainpowertoenjoy.Fortunately, therearewaystoencourageyourrestingstatene
27、tworktotakeover：FINDYOURJOYCasualhobbiesthataretotallydifferentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventoutofofficeanxiety.GETAWAYNewsurroundingsgiveyourbrainabreakfromenvironmentalcues, likethesightofyourdeskandlaptopthattellittowork.SWITCHOFFInformationcanbetooattractivetoignore.Turningoffanyandalldeviceshelps
28、maintainrelaxationmode.12Whatis“wakefulrest”accordingtothepsychologistsinthetext?AItisatimetopaylessattentiontosurroundings.BItisasystemtotakecontrol.CItisastatetoconcentrate.DItisanopportunitytowork.13Inwhataspectcanthisblanknessbenefitus?APromotingcreativity.BManagingmoods.CRemovinganxiety.DContro
29、llingbrains.14Whichactivitydoestheauthorsuggesttoastressfulsoftwareengineer?AWorkingonhisdeskinanewoffice.BPlayinghisfavoritecomputergames.CDoingsomegardeninginthebackyard.DDevelopingasoftwarewithcolleagues.15Wherecanweprobablyreadthetext?AAbookreview.BAsciencejournal.CAguidebook.DAfilmposter.第二节(共5
30、小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2022豫北名校联考高三上学期定位考试Arepeoplelessormorehappywhentheygetolder? Astudyin2018foundthatpeoplegenerallybecamehappierandexperiencedlessworryaftertheageof50.Infact, itfoundthatbytheageof85, peoplewerehappierwiththeirlifethantheywereat18.ArthurStone
31、intheDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralScienceatStonyBrookUniversityinNewYorkledthestudy.Histeamfoundthatlevelsofstresswerethehighestamongadultsbetweentheagesof22and25.16.Happinesswasthehighestamongtheyoungestadultsandthoseintheirearly70s.Butthepeopleleastlikelytoreportfeelingnegativeemotionswereth
32、oseintheir70sand80s.Thesurveyalsofoundthatmenandwomenhadsimilaremotionalpatternsastheygrewolder.17Theresearchersalsoconsideredpossibleinfluenceslikehavingyoungchildren, beingunemployedorbeingsingle.Buttheyfoundthatinfluenceslikethesedidnotaffectthelevelsofhappinessandwellbeingrelatedtoage.18Onetheor
33、yisthat, aspeoplegetolder, theybecomemorethankfulforwhattheyhaveandhavebettercontroloftheiremotions.Theyalsospendlesstimethinkingaboutbadexperiences.19Inanotherstudy, peopleintheir80sreportedthefewestproblemswiththequalityoftheirsleep.Theoriginalgoalwastoconfirmthepopularbeliefthatagingisconnectedwi
34、thincreasedsleepproblems.20Butexceptforthat, peoplereportedthattheyfelttheirsleepqualityimprovedastheygotolder.ASowhywillhappinessincreasewithage?BResearcherssurveyedmorethan150,000Americanadults.CAtthattime, thepeoplewerebetweentheageof18and25.DStresslevelsdroppedsharplyafterpeoplereachedtheir50s.E
35、Happinessisnottheonlythingthatapparentlyimproveswithage.FThesurveydidfindanincreaseduringmiddleage, especiallyinwomen.GHowever, womenatallagesreportedmoresadness, stressandworrythanmen.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。2022惠州市高三第一次调研考试Myfamilywentonholi
36、dayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping21forthenightmyyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirstfloorbedroombyherself.Aswe22，wediscussedthedeerwehad23onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis24！”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime, mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom, andmyparentsinlaw (岳父母) headedfora25onth
37、efirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha(n) 26lookonherface.Shesaida27wasscratching (刮出刺耳声) atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbethebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown, Ipassedmyfatherinlaw, asleepinfrontofthe28.IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIhearda
38、taponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.29，itwasntabearItoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater, Iwas30byastrangesound.Isawalarge31inthedoorwayandfrozeasit32closertome.Irealizedwhatitwasonlyaftermyfatherinlawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“ItsDavid.”Myfatherinlawjumpedback.Welaughed33attheawkwardmo
39、ment, andIexplainedhisgranddaughtersbedroom34.Itoldhimthattheonlything35thanabearattackwasPapaBearcomingintokissmegoodnight.21A.schedulesBarrangementsCplotsDroutines22A.settledinBbrokeinClookeddownDcalmeddown23A.shotBhuntedCtrainedDspotted24A.eveningBweekCmonthDyear25A.studyBkitchenCbedroomDbathroom
40、26A.worriedBembarrassedCdelightedDsatisfied27A.dogBdeerCcatDbear28A.houseBtelevisionCdoorDfire29A.BesidesBThereforeCOtherwiseDHowever30A.awakenedBinterruptedCimpressedDstruck31A.figureBpersonCanimalDghost32A.climbedBjumpedCinchedDrolled33A.eagerlyBsincerelyCsecretlyDnervously34A.preferenceBswitchCdi
41、fferenceDchoice35A.prettierBfunnierCscarierDstranger第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2022南昌市第三次模拟BorninChinain1911, QianXuesenmajoredinrailwayengineeringatJiaotongUniversityinShanghaibutswitchedtoaeronautics (航空学) in193536._hecametotheUnitedStatestopursuegraduatestudies.He37._
42、 (earn) amastersdegreein1936fromMITandthenaPhDin1939.Shortlythereafter, heworkedinAmericaandplayedacontributingroleintheAmericanspaceprogram.In1950, 38._ (he) requestforreturningtoChinawasdenied.Eventually, heleftwithhisfamilyforChinain1955asaresultofdiplomaticnegotiationsinGeneva.UponhisreturntoChi
43、na, Qian39._ (appoint) asdirectoroftheInstituteofMechanicsintheChineseAcademyofSciencesinBeijing.Inthelate1950sandearly1960s, hehelpedChinaconductthefirsttestofanatomic (原子的) bomb40._ (deliver) byamediumandshortrangemissilein1966.Hefurthermorecontributed41._Chinalaunchingitsfirstsatellitein1970.Inhi
44、slateryears, QianwasalsocreditedinChinafor42._ (provide) criticalsupportforthehumanspaceflightprogramwhenitfacedcutbacks.Hewas43._ (especial) influentialinhispromotionofsystemsengineeringinaerospace (航空航天) projectsandother44._ (area) untilhisdeathin2009.Qianisregardedas45._pioneeringandfoundationalf
45、igureinthehistoryofChinasspaceprogram.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)2022广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)为迎接国外姐妹学校来访师生，学校准备选拔“文化交流小使者”(YoungAmbassadorforCulturalExchange)，你打算参加。请写一篇英语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：1自我介绍；2竞选理由。注意：1.词数应为80左右；2请按如下格式作答。Goodmorning, dearjudges.ImCandidateNo.1._ _第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
46、。2022南京市、盐城市高三二模HenrygotonhisbikeandbegantodelivercopiesoftheMarch8,1970issueofTheGazette.Halfanhourlater, hethrewthelastnewspaperontotheporch (门廊) at35OakStreetandcycledtoTheGazetteoffices.Theremustbesomethingimportantfortheeditorinchieftomeetwithan11yearoldpaperboy.“Nogoodwaytodeliverbadnews，”Mr.T
47、rottagreetedhimwhenHenrysteppedin.Henryssmilefaded.“Wereclosingshop, Henry.Advertisingisdown.Televisionishowpeoplegettheirnewstoday.Localpapersarethefirsttoclose，”Mr.Trottashrugged.Henrycouldntbelievehisears, frozentothespot.Hethoughtofallthosepeoplehehadmetonhisroute.Theywouldntgettheirneighborhood
48、newsanymore!“Youweregreat, Henryalwaysdependable，”Mr.Trottasaid.Henryforcedhisheaduptosaygoodbye.AsherodepastthehousesheknewsowellhesawMr.Gradyonhisporch, holdingabroom (扫帚).Henryledhimtoachairandcleanedtheporch.TheysatforawhileasMr.Gradyrecalledhowhappyhedbeenmovinghisfamilyto10Oak.Hesoundedlonely.
49、Aweekafterhislastdeliveries, HenrywonderedifhiscustomersmissedTheGazetteasmuchashedid.Hethoughtofawaytofindout.Hestartedoutonhisoldroutewithanotebook.HenrystoppedatMrs.Burkes.Sheopenedthedoor, holdingthetwobabies.Sheaskedhimifheknewanyneighborswiththeexperienceoflookingafterchildren.Mr.Simonwasnextd
50、oor, carryinghisviolinout.“Hey, Henry.MybandwillbehavingaconcertintheparkthisFriday.Tellyourfriends.”AsHenrymademorenotes, anideastartedforminginhishead.Maybehecouldcreateanewsypage (小报) fortheneighbors.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。NeighborscheeredHenrysidea, readytoofferinformation._HenrysfirstOakStr
51、eetNewsthenproduceddesiredeffects._阶段检测卷(四)第一部分阅读第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会旅游值得一游的四个地方【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了值得一游的四个地方比利时的布鲁日、意大利的皮德蒙特、法国的卢瓦尔河谷、荷兰的阿姆斯特丹，重点介绍了这四个地区的景色特点。1答案与解析：B考查理解具体信息的能力。由题干关键词wine定位至第二段第一句“Ifyoulikewine.forvisitingItaly”和第三段第一句“Forthoseofyou.withaglassofwineinyourhand，LoireValleyisyourbestdesti
52、nation”，据此可知，在这四个地方中人们可以在意大利皮德蒙特和法国卢瓦尔河谷品尝葡萄酒，故B项正确。2答案与解析：C考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段尾句中的“anditsalsoagreatopportunitytotastethebesthotchocolate”可知，在比利时的布鲁日可以品尝到热巧克力；根据第二段尾句中的“soifyouwanttotrysomemushroomsortruffles, chestnutsorchocolate，Italyiswaitingforyouthisfall”可知，人们可以在意大利皮德蒙特品尝到蘑菇或松露，栗子或巧克力。据此可知，在这两个地方
53、人们都能品尝到巧克力。故C项正确。3答案与解析：D考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段第二句可知，十月下旬是观赏卢瓦尔河谷葡萄园的最佳季节，故D项正确。其他三项文中未提及。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然研究发现生态环境恶劣的地方产生新物种的速度更快【语篇解读】本文主要讲述南美亚马孙盆地的环境有利于新物种的生存，但产生新物种的速度较慢。然而，一项研究发现，恶劣的环境更易产生新物种，但因环境不稳定，无法维持物种的发展。这项研究发现呼吁人们保护那些看起来贫瘠，但实际上可能是新物种进化的自然温室的生态系统。4答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。第一段讲到南美洲物种丰富，人们认为是物种进化快的结果。但是新
54、研究却认为物种少的地方产生新物种的速度更快。由此可知，提到南美洲是为了引出话题，提出新研究的观点。故B项正确。5答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“areaswithfewerspeciesactuallytendtoproducenewspeciesfaster”并结合第四段中的“thebestpredictor.slowly”可知，新物种出现的速度是由该地当时物种的多少决定的。故A项正确。6答案与解析：A考查理解词汇的能力。根据画线词后的“但实际上可能是新物种进化的自然温室”可知，画线词在逻辑上应与此相反。故A项正确。barren“贫瘠的；不毛的”。7答案与解析：D考查理
55、解文章主旨要义的能力。文章第一段尾句提出了新研究的观点：物种较少的地区实际上往往会更快地产生新物种。结合第五段中的“Maybebadenvironmentsgeneratenewspeciesmorefrequently”可知，本文主要讲述物种稀少、环境恶劣的地区产生新物种的速度往往更快。故D项正确。C语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会社会服务开设读书角【语篇解读】一位名叫Meena的女教师发现孩子们缺乏阅读后，决定开设一个路边的读书角，以激励他们多读书。8答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Theylackguidance.addresstheproblem”可知，Meen
56、a要解决孩子们缺乏指导和阅读文化的问题，因此她的读书计划就是为了关爱那些缺乏阅读的孩子们。故选A。9答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread，butthatisokay，shelaughed”可知，为了让孩子们坐下来阅读，Meena得奖励他们一些糖果。故选A。10答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据第四段“Now, generouscontributions.wanttoreadathome”可推断出，她的图书馆很有影响力而且意义重大。故选B。11答案与解析：B考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。根据第
57、二段中的“Inspiredbyasimilarproposal.spendtimereading”并结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲了一位女教师开设路边读书角的故事。所以文章的最佳标题为“路边阅读角”。故选B。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学研究“清醒的休息”【语篇解读】人们一般认为不停地往大脑里输入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是研究发现可能什么也不往大脑里放才是最好的方式。12答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Payinglessattentiontosurroundingswhetherbyshowering, pullingweeds, orpettingadog
58、providesanopportunityforwhatpsychologistscallwakefulrest”可知，wakefulrest就意味着你可以通过淋浴、除草、抚摸狗等方式让大脑放空一下，不过多关注周围环境，故A项正确。13答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段中的“Thisblanknessmightalsoreduceanxiety, boostcreativity, andimprovememory”可知，大脑放空可以减少焦虑、激发创造力、提高记忆力，故A项正确。14答案与解析：C考查推断的能力。根据第五段中的“Casualhobbiesthataretotally
59、differentfromyourdayjobcanhelppreventoutofofficeanxiety”可知，与你日常工作完全不同的爱好可以让你远离焦虑，所以一个软件工程师压力过大的话，可以尝试做做园艺，这可以让他/她不再感到那么有压力，故C项正确。15答案与解析：B考查理解文章类型的能力。本文主要讲述了人们一般认为不停地往大脑里输入信息是自我提升的最好方式，但是研究发现可能什么也不往大脑里放才是最好的方式。作者还通过脑核磁提供了科学支撑，并给出了一些建议，因此该文章应该源自一篇科学报道，故B项正确。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会研究发现幸福感会随年龄增长而增加【语篇解读】本
60、文主要讨论人们在年老之后更加快乐、更少担心。16答案与解析：D考查上下文衔接。设空处位于第二段最后一句，设空前一句说了研究团队关于压力水平的发现，即最高的压力水平出现在哪些年龄段，所以该空可能与压力水平的下降有关。故选D。17答案与解析：G考查上下文衔接。该空前一句说的是随着年龄变大，男人和女人有相似的情绪模式，所以此处应接着说基于男女对比的研究发现。故选G。18答案与解析：A考查段落主旨句。空处位于句首。根据后面的解释(一个理论认为，人变老时会变得对他们所拥有的事情更加感激，而且能更好地控制情绪)可知，A项“那么为什么幸福感会随着年龄增加？”符合语境。故选A。19答案与解析：E考查段落主旨句
61、。空处位于句首，根据后面的内容可知，人们到了80多岁的时候，睡眠质量问题最少，这是随着变老出现的又一个好处。故选E。20答案与解析：F考查上下文衔接。前一句说，有个流行的观点认为，随着年龄的增长，睡眠问题应该增加。而空后“But”表转折，故可推知此空和前一句为顺承关系，应与睡眠问题的增加有关，故选F。第二部分语言运用第一节语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我旅途趣事家庭旅途中的经历【语篇解读】“我”和家人在今年夏天一同度假，由于小女儿害怕窗户外面的“熊”，所以我们的住宿安排进行了些调整。岳父不知道进行了调整，一心想要和心爱的外孙女亲吻道晚安，却使得小女儿以为熊到访而感觉害怕，由此引发了一场小误会
62、。21答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据下文提示“myyoungdaughter.byherself”可知，此处表示关于房间的相关安排，因此选B。22答案与解析：A考查逻辑推断。根据上文可知，此处表示我们到达地点后安顿下来之意。A项为“安顿下来”；B项为“破门而入”；C项为“向下看”；D项为“镇静，安静”。因此选A。23答案与解析：D考查语境推断和词汇复现。根据下文中的提示see及语境推断，此处应该选D。24答案与解析：B考查语境推断和词汇复现。根据第一段第一句中的“foraweek”可知，此处应该选B。25答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据上文叙述中的“Atbedtime”可知，此处应该是前往卧
63、室(bedroom)，因此选C。26答案与解析：A考查语境推断和逻辑推断。根据语境可知，女儿说她听到了有熊在刮窗户，发出刺耳的声音，所以她应该是担心的，因此选A。27答案与解析：D考查词汇复现。根据下文中第29空后的叙述“itwasntabear”可知应选D。28答案与解析：B考查常识推断和语境推断。根据文中叙述和所给的选项可推断，岳父可能是在一楼看电视时睡着了，因此选B。29答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。根据上下文叙述可知，“我”确实发现了窗外有东西，但“我”推断不是女儿所说的熊，因此从逻辑上推断选D。30答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据空后的“byastrangesound”可知，“我”被奇
64、怪的声音吵醒了，因此选A。31答案与解析：A考查语境推断。根据上文叙述可知，“我”确实认定窗外有东西。A项为“影子，轮廓”；B项为“人”；C项为“动物”；D项为“鬼”。事情发生在晚上，“我”看到的应该是影子，因此应该选A。32答案与解析：C考查逻辑推断。根据上文叙述可推知那个影子在向“我”缓慢移动，inch在此表示“缓慢地移动”。33答案与解析：D考查逻辑推断。根据上文叙述可知，这是一场误会，空后的awkward也提示“我们”的笑应该是略显尴尬和紧张。A项为“渴望地”；B项为“真诚地”；C项为“秘密地”；D项为“神经紧张地”。因此选D。34答案与解析：B考查语境推断。根据语境可知，是因为“我”
65、和女儿调换了房间，才引起了误会。B项在此处表示改变、转变之意。35答案与解析：C考查语境推断。根据上文叙述可知，对于“我”而言，比真正的熊到来更为可怕的是“熊爸爸”来和“我”亲吻道晚安。A项为“更漂亮的”，B项为“更有趣的”，C项为“更恐怖的”，D项为“更奇怪的”，因此选C。第二节语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会伟大人物钱学森【语篇解读】本文介绍了中国航天发展史上的先驱和奠基人钱学森的情况，重点介绍了他从美国返回中国为国效力的事情。36答案与解析：when考查定语从句。分析该句结构并根据空前的in1935可知，空处引导定语从句，故填when。该句意为：钱学森1911年出生于中国，在上海交通大
66、学主修铁道工程，但当他在1935年来到美国攻读硕士学位时，转向了航空专业。37答案与解析：earned考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“in1936”可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。38答案与解析：his考查代词。空处和后面的名词request为所有关系，故用形容词性物主代词his。该句意为：1950年，他返回中国的请求被拒绝。39答案与解析：wasappointed考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。该句主语为Qian，是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数形式；根据语境可知，该句陈述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；主语Qian和动词appoint之间为被动关系，故用被动语态
67、。该句意为：钱学森一回到中国，就被任命为位于北京的中国科学院力学研究所所长。40答案与解析：delivered考查过去分词。分析该句结构可知，空处作前面的名词短语“anatomic (原子的) bomb”的后置定语，由句中的“byamediumandshortrangemissile”可知，该名词短语和动词“deliver”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。41答案与解析：to考查固定搭配。contributeto为固定搭配，意为“对做出贡献”。该句意为：他还为中国在1970年发射第一颗卫星做出了贡献。42答案与解析：providing考查动名词。介词后通常接名词、代词、动名词作
68、宾语，根据介词for可知，空处用动名词形式。43答案与解析：especially考查副词。副词修饰形容词。空处修饰形容词“influential”，故用副词形式。该句意为：直到2009年去世，他在推动航空航天项目和其他领域的系统工程方面十分有影响力。44答案与解析：areas考查名词的单复数。area为可数名词，根据other和常识可知，除航空航天外的其他领域有许多，故用复数形式。45答案与解析：a考查不定冠词。此处泛指“一位先驱和奠基人”，故用不定冠词；pioneering的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。第三部分写作第一节参考范文：Goodmorning, dearjudges.ImCandi
69、dateNo.1.IamheretocompetefortheYoungAmbassadorforCulturalExchange.MyconfidencecomesfrommyfluentEnglish, myrichexperienceandmygreatenthusiasm.Ihavebeeninseveralinternationalcamps, fromwhichIhaveacquirednotonlyknowledgeandskillsbutalsoakeenawarenessoftheimportanceofculturalexchange (非限制性定语从句；notonly.b
70、utalso.结构)Ifaccepted, Iwillbeofferedaperfectchancetobroadenmyhorizonsandtospreadoursplendidtraditionalculture.IsincerelyhopeIcanhavetheprivilege.Thankyou!一句多译MyfluentEnglish, richexperienceandgreatenthusiasmgivemegreatconfidence.Beingadmittedcanoffermeaperfectchancetobroadenmyhorizonsandtospreadours
71、plendidtraditionalculture.第二节参考范文：NeighborscheeredHenrysidea, readytoofferinformation.Somesharedtheirinterestingfamilystorieswhileothersadvertisedgiveaways.Mrs.BurkeandMr.SimonrequestedHenrytoreleasetheirinformation (发布信息) inthefirstissue.Henryalsoadded: “Storiestoldbyfriendlygentlemanat10Oak.Stopby
72、tochat.”HetypedallthenewsandnamedthepaperOakStreetNews.AfterhearingaboutHenrysstory, Mr.Trottawassomovedbyhiscommitment(奉献，投入)thatheofferedtophotocopy(复印，复制，影印)thepaperfreeofcharge (so.that.引导结果状语从句)HenrysfirstOakStreetNewsthenproduceddesiredeffects.Theneighborswerethrilledtoreadtheirownnewsintheirc
73、ommunity.Furthermore (此外，而且), theyrespondedactivelyto (积极回应) theupdates.ToMrs.Burkesdelight, severalpeopleappliedtobabysithertwokids.Mr.Simonsconcertalsoattractedalargeraudience.Henryspapergraduallybecamethecentralizedchaintospreadaboutwhatwashappeningallaroundandhelpedthecommunityrunmoresmoothly.AlthoughHenryhadlosthisoldGazettejob, helaunchedsomething, too, makingnewsandconnectingneighbors.17
