1、专题八非谓语动词高考试题考点一 非谓语动词作定语1.They might just have a place on the writing coursewhy dont you give it a try?(2013新课标全国,22)A.leftB.leaveC.leavingD.to leave剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的写作课或许恰好有个空位。你为什么不试试呢?leave与a place之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词形式,在句中作后置定语。【技巧点拨】 考查非谓语动词时,关键是要分析该动词与所修饰词之间的关系,如果是主谓关系,则通常用动词-ing形式,如果是动宾关系,则通常
2、用动词-ed形式,如表示将来则用动词不定式。2. The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.(2013四川,10)A.being completedB.to be completedC.completedD.having been completed剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:将于明年竣工的机场将有助于推动该地区旅游业的发展。complete表示将要发生的动作且与所修饰词The airport之间为动宾关系,因此用动词不定式的被动式作定语。故选B项。3.The room is empty except for a
3、 bookshelf in one corner.(2013山东,25)A.standingB.to standC.stands D.stood剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:除了一个立在墙角的书柜以外,房间里一无所有。except for是介词短语,其后不能接句子,所以排除C、D两项;a bookshelf与动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且动作正在进行,故用动词-ing形式作定语,故选A。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词作定语时,不定式作定语通常指将来的动作;现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作而过去分词作定语则表示已经完成的动作。4.The witnesses by the police jus
4、t now gave very different descriptions of the fight.(2013陕西,14)A.questionedB.being questionedC.to be questionedD.having questioned剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:刚才警察询问的目击者对这次打架给出了完全不同的描述。由于the witnesses和question是逻辑上的动宾关系,同时在句中有表示过去的时间状语just now,故要用动词的-ed形式作后置定语表示被动和完成。故答案选A。B项表示“正在被询问”;C项表示“将要被询问”,均不符合题意。5.In some
5、languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.(2013天津,10)A.using B.to useC.having usedD.used剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:在一些语言中,100个词构成了日常对话使用的所有词汇的一半。分析句子成分可知,use和words之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词used,选D项。6.Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail for her.(2
6、013辽宁,28)A.waitedB.to waitC.waitingD.was waiting剖析:C本题考查非谓语动词。句意:当她到家时,有一大堆的邮件等她处理。there was已经是谓语,wait只能是非谓语,排除D。mail与wait是主动关系,A不合适。如果用B其逻辑主谓不合适,故选C。7.After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope .(2012山东,35) A.providing B.providedC.having providedD.provide剖析:B句意:填完表
7、格,签上名字后,请用所提供的信封把表格寄回给我们。provide提供,与所修饰的词envelope之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。8.John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.(2012江西,35)A.offered B.offeringC.to offerD.to be offered剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:约翰真的得到了那份工作,因为他给我看了提供他工作的官方信件。offer后不缺宾语且letter与offer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除A、D两项;不定式表未发生的动作
8、。故B项正确。【技巧点拨】 选择非谓语动词作后置定语时,要先判断被修饰词与动词之间的关系;如果是逻辑上的主谓关系,则用现在分词作定语;如果是逻辑上的动宾关系,则用过去分词作定语。9.Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision at the meeting will influence the future of our company.(2012重庆,28)A.to be madeB.being madeC.made D.having been made剖析:A句意:半小时后我们要召开会议。会上作出的决定将会影响公司的未来。此处是非谓语
9、动词作定语。不定式作定语表将来,现在分词作定语表正在进行,过去分词作定语表被动和完成。由句意可知A项正确。10.“Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table for customers.(2012浙江,11) A.to be reservedB.having reservedC.reservingD.reserved剖析:D考查非谓语动词。“真是个好地方”,母亲边说边坐在为客人预留的桌旁。reserve for“为预留”,table与reserve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用过去分词作后置定语。所以选D。11.T
10、he next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.(2011新课标全国,27)A.roseB.risingC.to riseD.risen剖析:B考查分词短语作定语的用法。句意:他看到的下一件事就是从房后正在升起的烟。rise和被修饰的词smoke之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以选择表示“主动,进行”的现在分词rising。rose是谓语动词的过去式,不符合句子结构;to rise,不定式表示将要发生;risen,过去分词表示完成,均不符合句意。12.Recently a survey prices of the same goods in
11、two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏,31)A.comparedB.comparingC.comparesD.being compared剖析:Bsurvey与compare之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式,在名词后作后置定语。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词的选择关键注意以下几点:(一)主谓、动宾关系;(二)时间先后;(三)句子成分。如:本句的主干为a survey has caused debate,选项在句中作定语且后带宾语,因此用动词-ing形式。13.I have a
12、 lot of readings before the end of this term.(2010山东,23)A.completingB.to completeC.completedD.being completed剖析:B动词不定式作定语时,如果不定式所在的句子中出现了其逻辑主语,用动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。该句中to complete的逻辑主语为句子的主语I,因此用主动式表被动含义,修饰readings。【技巧点拨】 have的用法主要有两种:一是表示“有”,这时后面要用不定式作定语,但要注意根据句意来确定不定式用主动形式还是被动形式。如:I have a lot of thing
13、s to do.我有很多事要做。(I为do的逻辑主语)Manager,do you have any letters to be typed?经理,你有信件需要打出来吗?(type的逻辑主语不是句子的主语you,而是问话人,因此不能用不定式的主动式)二是“使役”用法,意为“让,叫,使”,可用非谓语动词的三种形式作宾补,具体用法有:have sb. do让某人做,have sb./sth. doing让某人/某物一直做,have sth. done让某事被做。如:I have had Tom operate the machine.我已让汤姆操作机器了。They had the fire bur
14、ning all night to keep warm.他们让火燃烧了一夜来取暖。I will have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要去理发。14.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.(2010浙江,20) A.being weighedB.to weighC.weighedD.weighing剖析:D句意:交通法则规定:四岁以下并且体重不足40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安
15、全座上。此处weigh为不及物动词,意思是:重。young children和weigh之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词weighing作定语,相当于定语从句who weigh。考点二 非谓语动词作状语1.The sunlight is white and blinding, hard-edged shadows on the ground.(2013新课标全国,35)A.being thrownB.throwingC.to throw D.to be thrown剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:阳光明亮耀眼,在地上投下轮廓鲜明的影子。throw与其逻辑主语The sunlight之间为主谓关系,故
16、应用throwing,表示伴随状况。2.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington.(2013新课标全国,5)A.caught B.to have caughtC.to catchD.having caught剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:赶上了从Paddington的7:30火车,我那天很早就到了办公室。catch这一动作发生在got to the office之前且与主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式的完成时。3. which university to attend,the g
17、irl asked her teacher for advice.(2013四川,8)A.Not knowing B.Knowing notC.Not known D.Known not剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:不知道上哪所大学,那个女孩向老师征求意见。动词know与其逻辑主语the girl为主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式作状语,表示原因,其否定式是not knowing,故选A项。4.I stopped the car a short break as I was feeling tired.(2013山东,29)A.takeB.takingC.to takeD.taken剖析:C考
18、查非谓语动词。句意:我停下车稍微休息一会儿,因为我感觉有点累。分析句子结构可知,停下车是为了休息,所以应用不定式作目的状语。5. at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.(2013山东,33)A.Having eatenB.To eatC.Eat D.Eating剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:之前在那个餐厅吃过饭,Tina不想再在那里吃了。分析句子结构和句意可知,Tina与eat之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,并且eat这一动作发生在谓语“didnt want to eat”所表示的动作之前,所以用动词-ing形式的完成式。
19、6. in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.(2013安徽,32)A.To foundB.FoundingC.FoundedD.Having founded剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:这所学校创建于20世纪早期,它不断激励着孩子们对于艺术的热爱。found与the school之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式表被动。故选C。7.When I was little,my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fe
20、ll asleep.(2013重庆,30)A.having toldB.tellingC.told D.to tell剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:我小时候,妈妈经常坐在我的床边,给我讲故事,直到我睡着。分析句子结构可知,my mother与tell之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词的-ing形式作伴随状语,表示动作正在进行。A项表示动作已经发生;C项表示过去的动作;D项表示动作尚未发生,均不符合句意。8. the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.(2013北京,24)A.FindB.FindingC.To f
21、indD.Found剖析:B句意:发现这门课程很难,她决定转向一门难度低一些的课程。本句的主语为she,与find之间为主谓关系,要用现在分词短语作状语,故正确答案为B项。9.If to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once.(2013江西,34)A.askedB.to askC.askingD.having asked剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:如果有人要求为他照看行李,请马上报警。根据语境可知,ask和逻辑主语之间是动宾关系,所以用ask的过去分词形式。该句是“If you are asked to l
22、ook after luggage for someone else”的省略。故选A项。10.There are some health problems that,when in time,can become bigger ones later on.(2013浙江,19)A.not treated B.not being treatedC.not to be treatedD.not having been treated剖析:A本题考查非谓语动词。题干的意思是:“有一些健康问题,如果没得到及时的治疗,在以后会变成更为严重的问题。”观察4个选项可知此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,其逻辑
23、主语应该是problems。从时间来说既不强调进行,又不强调将来,也不强调过去,故应选A。【技巧点拨】 做非谓语动词类试题的方法:首先确定其逻辑主语,再确定与逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动,再确定与主要动词的时间关系。最后确定具体的形式。一般来说:to do表主动表将来;doing表主动表同时;done表被动表完成。11.Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year,is considered the most talented football player in Europe.(2013江苏,24)A.setB.
24、settingC.to setD.having set剖析:D本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语,逻辑主语Lionel Messi与set构成主动关系,故先排除A;再分析其发生的时间可知,“创纪录”在先,“被认为是最有才华的球员”在后,故应用动词现在分词的完成式having set。12.Film has a much shorter history,especially when such art forms as music and painting.(2012新课标全国,32
25、)A.having compared toB.comparing toC.compare to D.compared to剖析:D考查非谓语动词作状语。compare的逻辑主语是film,film与compare之间是被动关系,故选D。when后面省略了it is。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词作状语主要看主语和动词之间的关系,若是主动关系就用doing(表主动、正在进行),to do(作目的状语、结果状语等),having done(表该动词发生在谓语动词之前);若是被动关系就用being done(表正在进行的被动动作),done(表被动,完成)。13.George returned after
26、 the war,only that his wife had left him.(2012山东,26)A.to be toldB.tellingC.being toldD.told剖析:A句意:乔治战后归来,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。to be told在句中作状语,表示一种意料之外的结果,且tell与句子主语之间为动宾关系。故选A项。【技巧点拨】 现在分词和to do不定式都可以作结果状语,但现在分词作结果状语时,表示一种必然的、意料之中的结果,而to do不定式作结果状语时,表示一种意料之外的结果。考生在做题时,应认真审题以作出正确的判断。14.Pressed from his p
27、arents,and that he has wasted too much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012福建,34)A.realizingB.realizedC.to realizeD.being realized剖析:A考查非谓语动词作状语。非谓语动词作状语时,首先应判断与句子主语(the boy)的主被动关系,realize是the boy发出的,故应为主动,排除B、D;“realize”在句中和谓语动词“is determined to.”应该是同时发生,故应选A。15.with care,on
28、e tin will last for six weeks.(2012北京,27)A.UseB.UsingC.UsedD.To use剖析:C考查非谓语动词。因主语one tin与动词use是动宾关系,此时用过去分词作状语。句意:一个罐子如果仔细使用的话,可以用6周。16.in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.(2012陕西,15)A.StandingB.To standC.Stood D.Stand剖析:A考查非谓语动词作状语。we和stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。17.To
29、m took a taxi to the airport,only his plane high up in the sky.(2012四川,6)A.findingB.to findC.being foundD.to have found剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆乘坐出租车到了机场,结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已在高高的天上。only + to do.强调意料之外的结果。18.to work overtime that evening,I missed a wonderful film.(2012重庆,23)A.Having been askedB.To askC.Having asked
30、 D.To be asked剖析:A考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影。I与ask是逻辑上的动宾关系,故排除B、C两项;由句意可知,“被要求加班”发生在“错过”之前,故A项正确。【技巧点拨】 当非谓语动词作状语时,首先要判断非谓语动词表示的动作与主语的关系,即是主谓关系还是动宾关系,然后再判断非谓语动词表示的动作与句子谓语表示的动作的先后关系,从而确定正确答案。19. into English,the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.(2011天津,12) A.Trans
31、lating B.TranslatedC.To translateD.Having translated剖析:B动词translate和其逻辑主语the sentence是动宾关系,故应用过去分词;而translating表示和主语的关系是逻辑上的主谓关系,to translate表示将来的主动关系;having translated表示主动并先于谓语动词完成的关系。20.If they win the final tonight,the team are going to tour around the city by their enthusiastic supporters.(2011浙
32、江,19)A.being cheeredB.be cheeredC.to be cheeredD.were cheered剖析:C句意:如果他们今晚赢了决赛,全体队员将绕城接受热情支持者的欢呼。to be cheered是不定式作目的状语,且表被动。21.It rained heavily in the south,serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津,12)A.causedB.having causedC.causingD.to cause剖析:C句意:南方雨下得很大,导致几个省发生了严重的洪灾。句子的主语与cause存在逻辑上的主谓关系
33、,故用现在分词作状语,表结果。22.We were astonished the temple still in its original condition.(2010辽宁,25)A.findingB.to findC.findD.to be found剖析:B句意:发现这座寺庙仍然保持原来的样子,我们感到很吃惊。在一些形容词后面,如happy,kind,surprised,frightened,astonished,shocked,delighted,disappointed,常用动词不定式表示原因,作原因状语,而且常用主动形式。23.Dina,for months to find a j
34、ob as a waitress,finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(2010湖南,26)A.strugglingB.struggledC.having struggledD.to struggle剖析:C句意:Dina努力了好几个月想找一份侍者的工作,终于在当地的一家广告社找到了一个职位。Dina和struggle之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且struggle先于谓语动词动作发生,故用动词-ing形式的完成式作状语。考点三 非谓语动词作补语1.Let those in need that we will go all ou
35、t to help them.(2013陕西,13)A.to understandB.understandC.understandingD.understood剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:让那些需要帮助的人们明白我们会全力以赴帮助他们。let为使役动词,其后作宾补的不定式要省略to,构成let sb.do sth.结构,意思是“让某人做某事”。故答案为B。【技巧点拨】 除了let之外,其他使役动词(如have,make,get)及感官动词(如see,notice,watch,hear)都可以加省略to的不定式作宾补,如:My parents always make me do my home
36、work before I go out./I usually see him play basketball on the playgrond.2.When we saw the road with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.(2013北京,29)A.blockB.to blockC.blockingD.blocked剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们看到道路被雪封住后,我们决定在家过假期。road与block之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词。blocked with snow在句中作宾语补足语。故选D项。3.This mac
37、hine is very easy .Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.(2012辽宁,29)A.operatingB.to be operatingC.operatedD.to operate剖析:D句意:这台机器很容易操作。任何一个人都能在几分钟之内学会使用它。“be+adj.(+for sb.)+to do”是一个常用结构,其中的to do不定式用主动表示被动。4.Having finished her project,she was invited by the school to the new students.(2012江西
38、,33)A.speakingB.having spokenC.to speakD.to have spoken剖析:C考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:完成这项工程之后,她被这个学校邀请给新生们作演讲。invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事,排除A、B项;而to have spoken表示动作发生在句子谓语was invited之前,不合题意。5.I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.(2012四川,8)A.to wind B.windC.windingD.wound剖析:
39、C考查非谓语动词。句意:我抬起头注意到一条蛇蜿蜒曲折地爬上树去捕捉它的早餐。notice为感官动词,“注意到做”表达形式为notice.do/doing,用do表示动作发生了,用doing表示动作正在发生。根据句意,选择C项。6.Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car .(2012四川,12)A.washedB.washC.washingD.to wash剖析:A考查非谓语动词。get sth.done让某事被做。因为car与wash之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用wash的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。7.Pass
40、engers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.(2011天津,7)A.to carry B.carryingC.to be carriedD.being carried剖析:Apermit的用法之一是permit sb. to do sth.。该题采用了被动语态。句子的主干句型是sb. be permitted to do sth.允许某人去做某事。8.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.(2011浙江,14)A.loseB.l
41、ostC.to loseD.having lost剖析:B句意:即使是最好的作家有时也会发现自己找不到合适的词语。lost表示“茫然无措的,不知所措的”作宾补,说明themselves的状态,构成find sb. done的形式。【技巧点拨】 除了find之外,许多感官动词(如see,notice,watch,hear)和使役动词(如keep,let,make,get)都可以加宾语再加宾补;只不过是有的过去分词侧重动作结果,有的侧重状态。如:Speak louder to make yourself heard.I read newspapers every day to make mysel
42、f informed of the latest news.9.Listen!Do you hear someone for help?(2010湖南,21)A.callingB.callC.to callD.called剖析:A句意:听!你听到有人在求救吗?hear sb.doing sth.表示听到某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。hear sb.do强调听到事情发生的整个过程。类似的词还有see/watch等感官动词。由句首的Listen!可知选A。10.They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.(2009全国,16)A.being
43、runB.runC.to run D.running剖析:D这儿构成keep sth. doing。traffic与run之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用running。考点四 非谓语动词作宾语、主语和表语1.The engine just wont start.Something seems wrong with it.(2013重庆,34)A.to goB.to have goneC.goingD.having gone剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:发动机启动不了了,它好像出问题了。动词seem后常接动词不定式,因此排除C、D两项。由句意可知,go wrong这一动作在start之前发生,所
44、以用动词不定式的完成式表示动作已经发生。故选B。2. basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.(2013福建,22)A.KnownB.Having knownC.KnowingD.Being known剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:了解基本的急救技巧能够帮助你快速应对紧急情况。由句中谓语可知,前面的部分应为主语,指一件事情,应用v.-ing形式,having known强调“完成”,不符合句意,可排除。故选C项。3. how others react to the book you have
45、 just read creates an added pleasure.(2013浙江,7)A.HearingB.HearC.Having heardD.To be hearing 剖析:A本题考查非谓语动词。题干的意思是:“听到别人对你刚刚读过的那本书作出的反应能增添愉快的感觉。”分析句子结构可知,.read为句子主语,并且指的是某一事实情况,要用动名词作主语,所以正确选项应该是A项。having done形式强调非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前,多作状语。4.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to
46、ruins,the city took on a new look.(2013江苏,31)A.reducing B.reducedC.being reducedD.having reduced剖析:C本题考查非谓语动词。句意:因遭受强烈地震而沦为废墟之后不久,这座城市就呈现出了新的面貌。after在此为介词,后接动名词作其宾语。分析句子结构可知,逻辑主语the city与reduce构成被动关系,排除A、D两项;而and连接两个并列成分,根据suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins中suffering 的形式,可确定答案为being re
47、duced。【技巧点拨】 本题也可以看作是状语从句的省略形式:Shortly after suffering from.and being reduced可以改为Shortly after the city suffered from.and was reduced.当从句的主语与主句的主语相同时可以把从句的谓语形式改为非谓语形式。再如:When he was asked why he was late,he made no answer.可以改为When asked why he was late,he made no answer.当被问到为什么迟到时他没有回答。5.I remembere
48、d the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.(2012安徽,24)A.locking B.to lockC.having lockedD.to have locked 剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:我记得离开办公室前把门锁了,但却忘记关灯了。remember后跟不定式表示“记得去做某事”。remember还可跟v.-ing作宾语表示“记得做过”,此题中如果选择A或C则表示“还没离开办公室就锁了门”,不合逻辑。所以选B。6.No matter how bright a talker you are,t
49、here are times when its better silent.(2012浙江,3)A.remain B.be remainingC.having remainedD.to remain剖析:D考查非谓语动词。本题考查“It be+adj.+to do sth.”的固定搭配。it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。Its better to remain silent“最好保持沉默”。7.China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boa
50、ts from in the South China Sea.(2012福建,28)A.attackingB.having attackedC.being attackedD.having been attacked剖析:C由句意可推知中国加强水域监管的目的应该是阻止中国渔船被攻击,应该选being attacked。D项为完成被动式,既表被动又表完成,预防之事不应该已经完成了,所以不符合句意。8.If he takes on this work,he will have no choice but an even greater challenge.(2012陕西,22) A.meetsB.
51、meetingC.meetD.to meet剖析:D考查动词不定式作宾语。句意:如果他接受这工作,除了面临更大挑战外他将别无选择。have no choice but to do sth.“除了做别无选择”为固定句式。9.Its important for the figures regularly.(2011北京,25)A.to be updatedB.to have been updatedC.to update D.to have updated剖析:A句意:将这些数字定时更新很重要。it为形式主语,不定式作真正主语。update与figures之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用不定式的被动
52、式。当不定式动作与句子动词表示的动作同时发生或仅是说明某种情况时,用不定式的一般式,不定式动作发生在句子动词表示的动作之前时用不定式的完成式。10.Ladies and gentlemen, please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop.(2009四川,4)A.seatedB.seatingC.to seatD.seat剖析:Aremain后可接adj, v-ing,v-ed和to be done 等多种形式作表语, 在该题中可以把seated视为一个形容词, 所以正确答案为A。【技巧点拨】 有些过去分词实际上已转化为形容词
53、,用来表示状态。如:stuck adj.卡住的,动不了的,困住的;determined adj.有决心的,坚决的;worried adj.担心的,忧虑的。还有devoted,accustomed,occupied等。所以看到v.-ed形式的词要产生两种想法:过去分词表示被动;形容词化过去分词表示状态。模拟试题考点一 非谓语动词作定语1.The traffic administration indicates that airline passengers are only allowed to carry their luggage less than 5 kilograms with the
54、m.(2013浙江六校联考)A.being weighedB.weighingC.weighed D.to weigh剖析:B句意:交通管理部门指出乘坐飞机的乘客只允许随身携带低于5千克的行李。此处weigh为不及物动词,意思是“重量为”。本题中luggage与weigh之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词weighing作定语,相当于定语从句which weighs。2.When a person is absent-minded, he is likely to miss key information on to him.(2013浙江海宁高三2月期初测试)A.passing B.passedC
55、.having passedD.been passed 剖析:B句意:当一个人心不在焉时,他很可能会错过传递给他的关键信息。pass与所修饰的词key information之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。3.A special dance Gangnam Style has raised a worldwide storm nowadays.(2013山东潍坊诸城高三1月调研)A.callingB.being calledC.calledD.to be called剖析:C句意:一种叫江南style的特别舞蹈如今风靡了全世界。call与所修饰的词dance之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定
56、语。4.Giving red envelopes, money,is a Chinese tradition on important occasions,such as weddings and the Spring Festival.(2013北京东城高三联考)A.containedB.to containC.containingD.contains剖析:C句意:在一些重要场合,比如婚礼和春节,送装着钱的红包是中国的一个传统。red envelopes与contain为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用动词的-ing形式作定语,故选C。5.In spite of the financial prob
57、lems them,they still go ahead with the experiment.(2012河北石家庄高三教学质检二)A.surroundedB.surroundingC.to surroundD.surround剖析:B句意:尽管有财政问题缠身,他们仍然继续那项实验。本题属于“介词(短语)+介宾+非谓语动词”结构,因为financial problems与surround为逻辑上的主谓关系,故需用v.-ing形式。故选B。6.This restaurant, by an old couple,has an inviting,homelike atmosphere that
58、many restaurants lack.(2012山东潍坊高三第一次模拟)A.owningB.to ownC.having ownedD.owned剖析:D句意:这家餐馆由一对老夫妇经营,具有迷人、居家般的气氛,这是别的好多餐馆缺乏的。本句中own与句子主语this restaurant存在逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词。7.According to the traffic rules from the state traffic management,all drunken drivers shall be punished if they drive.(2011江西抚州二模)A.cl
59、aimingB.claimedC.to claimD.to be claimed剖析:B句意:根据政府交管部门声明的交通规则,所有的醉酒司机如果开车的话都要受到惩罚。从句意可以看出,claim与traffic rules之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以选B项。考点二 非谓语动词作状语1. for a whole night, we still couldnt agree on when to start and where to go for the holiday.(2013青岛高三统一质量检测)A.DiscussedB.Having discussedC.DiscussingD.Being d
60、iscussed剖析:B句意:讨论了一整个晚上,我们仍然不能就何时去何地度假达成一致。主语we和discuss之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且discuss这一动作发生在agree on之前,因此用现在分词的完成式作状语。2. with the theft,he was forced to leave the company.(2013福建龙岩高三1月教学质量检查)A.ConcernedB.Being concernedC.Having concernedD.Concerning剖析:A句意:因为涉及到偷窃,他被迫离开公司。be concerned with涉及到(与有关,参与)为固定短语。因此用c
61、oncerned作状语,表原因。3.Leaning against the sofa in the living room, up at me, is a little brown girl, pretty in pink.(2013浙江海宁高三2月期初测试)A.looksB.lookingC.to lookD.looked剖析:B句意:在客厅里倚在沙发上抬头看着我的是一个美丽的穿粉色衣服的棕色小女孩,a little brown girl与look up at之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词作伴随状语。本句为倒装句,正常句序为:A little brown girl,pretty in
62、 pink is leaning against the sofa in the living room,looking up at me.4. that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis,people are optimistic about the future of the country.(2013枣庄八中模拟试题)A.ConvincedB.ConvincingC.Having convincedD.To convince剖析:A句意:确信政府能够带领他们走出经济危机,民众对国家的未来很乐观。convinc
63、e,使确信,使信服,与主语people为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用其过去分词形式作状语。5.He must have been very unlucky .(2012安徽蚌埠高三第一次教学质量检查)A.to be rejectedB.to have been rejectedC.being rejectedD.having been rejected剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:他一定很不幸,被拒绝了。本题考查“sb.+be+adj.+to do sth.”句型。不定式的动作reject发生在be unlucky之前,且表示“被拒绝”,因此用不定式的完成式的被动形式作原因状语。故选B。6.Last
64、 summer holiday,I went back to my hometown, the neighbours and the houses I used to be familiar with were gone.(2012海南琼海模拟一)A.only finding;whichB.only to find;thatC.to find;whomD.found;that剖析:B考查非谓语动词和定语从句。句意:去年暑假,我回到家乡,结果发现曾经熟悉的邻居和房屋都已不复存在。本题第一空是考查不定式作结果状语,表示“一种出乎意料的结果”,不定式前通常有only,just这样的副词修饰语。第二空
65、考查的是限制性定语从句,因为先行词是the neighbours and the houses,既指人又指物,故需选择关系代词that。故本题选B。【技巧点拨】 -ing/to do作结果状语的区别可以这样记忆:意料之外不定式,意料之中-ing。如:He rushed to the station only to find the bus had gone.他急匆匆赶往车站,结果发现那班公共汽车早走了。(意料之外)He made a terrible mistake in the experiment,causing a failure.他在实验中犯了个大错,结果导致失败。(意料之中)7.Jr
66、.Parkinson stood up and left the room, the door behind him.(2011北京东城区模拟)A.closingB.closedC.closeD.to close剖析:A本句中的并列谓语是stood up与left,而close这一动作是表伴随的,而且这一动作是主语Jr.Parkinson发出的,所以是主动关系,故选A项。【技巧点拨】 在英语中,如果要表示并列的成分,一个非常重要的标志是and的位置,并列的部分要到and处,如本题,很多学生会误认为close与前面两个动作并列,而误选B项。8.Nowadays many people keep
67、on the move, there to be better-paid jobs.(2011安徽“江南十校”联考)A.to hopeB.hopingC.expectingD.to expect剖析:C根据句子结构可知,hope后不能接不定式作宾语补足语,而expect可以。many people与expect之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词短语作状语,表示伴随的动作。考点三 非谓语动词作补语1.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.(2013树德中学3月阶段性考试)A.car
68、ry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out剖析:C句意:经理们讨论了这个计划,他们希望看到这个计划在明年实施。that作引导词指代了先行词plan,在定语从句中作了see的宾语,补充完整为:they would like to see the plan the next year.carry out与plan之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用carried out,作宾语补足语。2.In the reading room, we found him at a desk, with his attention on a book.(2013浙江宁波
69、高三第一学期期末考试)A.sitting;fixingB.to sit;fixed C.seating;fixingD.seated;fixed剖析:D句意:在阅览室里我们发现他坐在桌边,注意力集中在一本书上。seat为及物动词后面无宾语,因此应用seated作宾补,第一空也可用sitting作宾补,而attention与fix之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此应用fixed作宾补,故选D项。3. of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend her.(2013安徽泗县二中高三第一次模拟考试)A.Warned;
70、 accompaniedB.Warning; accompanying C.Having warned; accompanied D.Having been warned; accompanying 剖析:D句意:因为被警告在晚上街上会有危险,她不得不在一个朋友的陪同下回家。warn与she之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,且“警告”这一动作发生在回家之前,因此第一空最好用现在分词完成式的被动形式;第二空accompany为及物动词,后已有宾语且与a friend之间为主谓关系,因此要用现在分词作宾补,构成with的复合结构。4.Seeing students grow, a part of somet
71、hing bigger than themselves,and succeed fires me up.(2012山东威海高三第一次模拟)A.become B.becameC.becomingD.to become剖析:A考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知“谓语+宾语”是“fires me up”,其前由开头Seeing至succeed是主语部分;seeing属于感官动词,其后的grow、空格处以及succeed是并列的宾补成分。故选A。特别提示 考点常见,但题干复杂化是近些年高考的题型特征之一,需在备考过程中多加注意,增强基本功训练。5.When the customer caught the
72、 shop owner her, she stopped things there and started dealing with another shop.(2012贵州师大附中高三检测)A.cheating;to buyB.to cheat; buyingC.cheating; buyingD.to cheat; to buy剖析:C第一空catch sb. doing sth.“发现某人干某事”为固定短语,因此用v.-ing形式作宾语补足语;第二空表示“停止从那里买东西”,即停止一直做的事情。6.Whom did you the wall?Jack. There masses of t
73、hings for him to do, but he managed to finish the work as required.(2012山西太原五中4月月考)A.have painted; wasB.have paint; wereC.have to paint; wereD.have paint; was剖析:B考查have的用法及主谓一致。第一空改成陈述句为:you had whom paint the wall。可见是考查 have sb. do sth.“让某人干某事”这一结构。改为问句即为:Whom did you have paint the wall?第二空主语为mass
74、es of things是复数,故用were。7.The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself by a young man in black.(2011陕西西安高三质量检测)A.was followedB.followed C.following D.had been followed剖析:B根据语意可知,follow和herself之间是动宾关系,因此用动词的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。考点四 非谓语动词作主语、宾语和表语1. in a top-level university abroad is what many student
75、s wish for.(2013河南商丘高三二模)A.EducatedB.Being educatedC.To educateD.Educating剖析:B句意:在国外一所高水平大学接受教育是许多学生渴望的事情。本题主语不完整,educate与students为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用动名词的被动式作主语。2.Rather than in the traffic jam, I always prefer a bicycle.(2013陕西宝鸡高三3月份第二次模拟考试)A.ride;to rideB.riding; ride C.to ride; to rideD.to ride; riding剖
76、析:A句意:我宁愿骑自行车也不愿开车塞车。本题考查了prefer to do rather than do这一结构的变式,意为“宁愿做某事而不做某事”。3. on account of drunk driving, obviously, is now in public concern.(2013莆田高中毕业班教学质量检查)A.Punished B.PunishingC.Being punishedD.To punish剖析:C句意:很明显,由于酒驾而受惩罚现在已受到公众的广泛关注。此处句子中缺少主语,且酒驾后应是被惩罚,因此用动名词的被动形式作主语。4.When he came back t
77、hree hours later, they were still on the sofa, in conversation.(2013山东乐陵一中高三质检)A.sitting ; absorbingB.sitting ; to absorbC.seated ; absorbedD.seated ; to be absorbed剖析:C句意:当他三个小时后回来时,他们还坐在沙发上,尽情聊天。考查了两个知识点,一个是他们正坐在沙发上,可以用sitting ,也可以用seated作表语。沉迷在,全神贯注于应用 absorbed 这个形容词作伴随状语。5.All of us are satisfie
78、d with the present situation,since everything seems on smoothly.(2012浙江嘉兴高三教学测试一)A.to be goingB.to goC.is goingD.having gone剖析:A考查非谓语动词作表语。句意:我们对当前的形势都很满意,因为一切看起来进展顺利。seem作系动词时,其后常跟不定式作表语而不跟v.-ing形式,故排除D;C项需在句中作谓语,不符合句子结构;根据句意知是“一切正进展顺利”,故用不定式的进行式。所以选A。6.I think it a great honor to visit your countr
79、y.(2012吉林省吉林市高三第二次模拟)A.to invite B.invitingC.having invitedD.to be invited剖析:D考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:我认为被邀请拜访你们国家是一件荣幸的事。本题中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语为动词不定式,由句意可知是被邀请,因此应为不定式的被动形式。7.I appreciated the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(2012河北邯郸高三第一次模拟考试)A.to have givenB.to have been givenC.having givenD.having bee
80、n given 剖析:D考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意:我很珍惜两年前给我出国留学的机会。解题关键:appreciate后必须加动名词作宾语,根据句意应是被给,故用动名词完成式的被动式。8.Something as simple as vegetables in childhood may help to protect you against serious illness in later life.(2011皖南八校高三年级第二次联考)A.to eat B.eatingC.to be eatingD.eaten剖析:B考查非谓语动词作宾语。空格前的as为介词,其后的动词应用其动名词形式。句意
81、:童年时像吃蔬菜这样简单的事也许后来会帮助你预防严重的疾病。实战模拟A组(限时10分钟)1.Red Sorghum was adapted from Mo Yans 1986 novel of the same name, to life a visual landscape of red sorghum and a fiery sun.(2013江苏扬州中学高三3月月考)A.brought; settingB.bringing; settingC.having brought; setD.bringing; set剖析:B句意:根据莫言1986年同名小说改编的电影红高粱再现了火红夕阳下一片红
82、高粱地的景象。电影与bring之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词作状语,第二空为固定搭配是“落日,夕阳”的意思,强调“缓缓下落”的太阳。2.The new traffic rules have come into effect since the 2013 New Year, a heated discussion among drivers as well as other residents.(2013陕西西安高新一中等五校高三第一次联考)A.to bring aboutB.bringing aboutC.having brought aboutD.brought about剖析:B句
83、意:新的交通法规从2013年1月1日起生效;在司机和其他居民中引起了热烈讨论。The new traffic rules与bring about之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词作定语。3. another two days, they would have done a better job.(2013安徽联盟高三第一次联考)A.IncludedB.ThinkingC.TakingD.Given剖析:D句意:如果再给两天的时间,他们会做得更好。given此处为过去分词作状语。4.His essay, many times, was brief and to the point and t
84、herefore won the first prize in the writing competition.(2013安徽合肥八中高三“一模”适应性考试)A.polishing up B.having polished upC.to be polished upD.having been polished up剖析:D句意:他的论文被润色了许多次后,简洁切题因此获得了写作比赛的一等奖。polish up与essay为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此需要用被动形式,且polish up这一动作发生在获奖之前,因此要用现在分词完成式的被动形式作状语,故答案为D。5.Liu Xiang earned th
85、e respect from the whole world as he hopped down the track to the finishing line, the last hurdle.(2013江苏泗阳中学高三第一次市统测模拟)A.kissedB.to kissC.kissingD.having kissed剖析:C句意:刘翔单脚跳完了全程,并俯身亲吻了最后一个栏架时,他获得了全世界的尊重。Liu Xiang与kiss之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此要用v-ing作状语。6.The movie originally for children under 12 is now being
86、used to educate adults.(2013山东实验中学高三第一次诊断性测试)A.intendedB.being intendedC.to be intendedD.having been intended剖析:A句子主干是:The movie is now being used to educate adults。过去分词短语 originally intended for children under 12 作后置定语修饰the movie。be intended for.“为打算(或设计)的”为固定短语。7.The young man ended in a messy sit
87、uation, to drugs and alcohol.(2013湖南师大附中高三英语月考)A.addictingB.having addicted C.addictedD.being addicted剖析:C考查非谓语动词的用法。be addicted to sth. 意为“对上瘾”,表状态。句意:这个年轻人最后吸毒酗酒生活一片混乱。8.As we all know, Americans seldom sit down to a regular meal as they like things immediately.(2013安徽高三高考模拟(六)A.be doneB.being don
88、eC.doneD.having been done剖析:C句意:众所周知,美国人很少坐下来吃一顿常规的饭,因为他们喜欢事情速战速决。things与do之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。like sth.done意为:喜欢某事被做。故选C。9. copies of Mo Yans works will be on sale after his talk at the press conference.(2013东北三省三校第二次联合模拟)A.SigningB.SignC.SignedD.To sign剖析:C考查非谓语动词作定语。句意:在记者招待会上发言过后,莫言著作的签名版即将销售。本题主语为copie
89、s of Mo Yans works,sign与其为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。10. customers,some shop-owners often play music very loudly,which often annoys the residents (居民) around.(2012湖南衡阳高三第一次联考)A.AttractingB.AttractedC.To attractD.To be attracting剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:为了吸引顾客,一些商家通常播放很大音量的音乐,这通常让附近的居民厌烦不已。本题是考查非谓语动词作目的状语,因此用动词不定式,故排除
90、A、B;由句中often可知此不定式是一般行为,而非特定的现在正在做,故排除D。11. up early in the morning to have a walk,I am sure,you are likely to feel active all day.(2012江西六校高三联考)A.GetB.Having gotC.GettingD.To get剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你早上起得早去散散步的话,我确信,你一天都会感到精神。get(up)与主语you为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用v.-ing形式作状语。I am sure在句中作插入语。这里的Getting up early in
91、 the morning to have a walk相当于条件状语从句If you get up early in the morning to have a walk。所以选C。12.If I have any further news,you will be the first person .(2011山东临沂一模)A.to knowB.knownC.knowingD.knew剖析:A当中心词由序数词修饰时,用不定式作定语,所以选A项。B组(限时10分钟)1.Though money, the parents of the twins managed to send them to u
92、niversity.(2013甘肃河西五市部分普通高中高三第一次联考)A.lackedB.lackingC.lacking ofD.lacked in剖析:B句意:虽然缺钱,双胞胎的父母还是设法把他们送到了大学。parents与lack之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词作状语。lack money中lack为及物动词,后不用加in。2.The news caused heated discussion online, with people the government using the expensive project to build up its political image.
93、(2013浙江宁波高三第一学期期末)A.accuse;ofB.accuse;byC.accusing;byD.accusing;of剖析:D句意:这则新闻在网上引起了热烈的讨论,人们谴责政府使用昂贵的项目,建立自己的政治形象。accuse sb.of sth.因某事谴责某人,为固定搭配,考查with复合结构。people与accuse之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用现在分词作补足语。3.This is the first time that Apple has changed the size of the iPhones display, 3.5 inches since the origin
94、al one was released in 2007.(2013浙江宁波高三第一学期期末)A.measuredB.measuresC.measureD.measuring剖析:D句意:自2007年苹果发布首款iPhone以来其显示屏尺寸一直都是3.5英寸。这是第一次苹果公司改变它的手机显示屏尺寸。此处measure为及物动词“测量为”,且display与measure之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用measuring作定语。4.Walking out of it with a smile on his face, he turned goodbye to his classmates in t
95、he classroom.(2013甘肃武陵三中高三模拟)A.forcing; to say B.forced; to sayingC.forcing; to sayingD.forced; to say剖析:Da forced smile强作笑颜,为固定搭配;turn to 表示“向某人求助”“改变” 含义时,to 是介词,其后跟名词、代词或动名词。但当turn 表示“回头做某事”时,其后跟动词不定式,故选D。5.He was puzzled by this phenomenon.He began to try every approach the way of working it out
96、.(2013江苏地区高考模拟)A.known findingB.knowing to findC.known to findD.knowing finding剖析:Cknown作后置定语,修饰every approach。to find为不定式表目的。句意:他对这现象很困惑,他开始尝试每一种已知的方法去找到解释这种现象的方法。6.The students started their exciting journey in balloons by jets of hot gas.(2013山东济南高三上学期期末)A.droveB.to driveC.drivenD.driving剖析:Cdriv
97、e 与balloons是动宾关系,所以选择过去分词driven,构成过去分词短语作后置定语。7.As we all know,every minute full use of our lessons will do good to our students.(2012陕西西安五校联考高三第一次模拟)A.which makes;studyingB.that is made;to studyC.when is made;to studyD.that is made;studying剖析:B考查非谓语动词和定语从句。第一空是make full use of every minute的被动变形,eve
98、ry minute提到了先行词的位置,因为minute有every修饰,故需选择关系代词that连接定语从句;第二空是承接上文的“充分利用每一分钟”来学习,表示目的,因此用动词不定式作目的状语。故本题选B。8.If I criticize someone,I will do it with great patience as if I were the one .(2012湖南长、望、浏、宁高三3月一模联考)A.to criticizeB.criticizingC.having criticizingD.being criticized剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:如果我批评别人,我会非常耐心
99、细致,仿佛受批评的人是我。根据句意可知,此处所需非谓语动词作定语修饰the one;criticize与the one为逻辑上的动宾关系,故需用v.-ing被动形式。选D。9. to the second hand smoke for long,I think,will damage your body.(2012安徽高三高考信息交流一)A.ExposedB.ExposingC.Being exposedD.After being exposed剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:我认为,长期置身于“二手烟”环境中将损伤你的身体。本题中I think是插入语,句中谓语动词和宾语部分是will dam
100、age your body,故其前的成分是主语。本题是v.-ing短语作主语,故排除A、D;be exposed to强调“处于可能受伤害的境遇”,所以选C。10.Its reported that 289 more trains were added passengers on Sunday to meet the needs of those home for the Spring Festival.(2012四川成都石室中学高三二诊模拟)A.to take; returningB.taking; returningC.taken; to returnD.take;returned剖析:A
101、考查非谓语动词的用法。第一空289个车次的列车被加开用来运输旅客,to take表目的;第二空return为不及物动词用现在分词短语作定语。11.Shanghai Disneyland Park, in 2015 , will attract tourists from all over China then.(2012河南郑州高三第二次质量预测)A.to have been completedB.being completedC.completedD.to be completed剖析:D考查非谓语动词的用法。此处不定式的被动式表示将来的动作且是被动,作定语修饰Shanghai Disneyland Park,相当于非限制性定语从句。
