1、吉林市2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练精品题（24）及答案【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（8）】DFear is a natural part of life but success is determined by whether I stand up or give in to that fear. I have the courage to move forward in spite of my fears. Within me is the strength to stand up to the fear. I have the courage to speak for mys
2、elf and allow my voice to be heard. While fear tries to paralyze me, the courage in my soul sets me free. The fear of rejection is unable to stop me from trying. I conquer my fears with determination, instead of being defeated by them. The voice of insecurity tries to barricade me from the world wit
3、h feelings of inadequacy. I ignore those feelings and allow self-confidence to accompany me wherever I go. I have been created with love for a specific purpose. My future is mine and is worth fighting for. I conquer fear, doubt, and disbelief to have a clear understanding of who I am and my destiny.
4、 Critical words said to me fall on deaf ears. Only encouragement and positive messages are allowed to reach my ears. I strengthen myself by being selective about what I allow my mind to meditate (深思) on. Self-confidence gives me courage against the fear of inferiority（劣势）. I am worthy to be where I
5、am and I can do my job well. Today, I become more confident and choose to believe my best day is ahead of me. My passion for success is stronger than my fear of failure. So I will try my best to defeat fear and become a successful person. I believe I can do so.41. What can we learn from the text? A.
6、 The fear of rejection stops the author fro trying. B. Success is determined by your attitude towards fear. C. The author doesnt have a clear understanding of his destiny. D. The authors fear of failure is stronger than his passion for success.42. What does the underlined word “barricade” in Paragra
7、ph 3 probably mean? A. Prevent. B. Change. C. Help. D. Increase.43. What does the author do with the criticism from others? A. He feels sorry for it. B. He is angry about it. C. He pays attention to it. D. He learns to overlook it.44. Which word can best describe the authors attitude towards life? A
8、. Disappointment. B. Optimism. C. Sadness. D. Fear. 45. Which part of a website is the text probably taken from? A. Culture. B. Science. C. Inspiring stories. D. Fairy tales.【参考答案】41-45 BADBC本文是一篇励志短文。它讲述了恐惧是与生俱来的。但成功取决于你是否屈服于恐惧。41. B。细节理解题。根据文章第一句Fear is a natural part of life but success is determ
9、ined by whether I stand up or give in to that fear.可知答案。42. A。词义猜测题。根据语境可知，该句与上文中The fear of rejection is unable to stop me from trying.是并列关系，所以可以推测划线词与stop意思相近，故可知答案。43. D。细节理解题。从倒数第二段第一句Critical words said to me fall on deaf ears可知答案。44. B。推理判断题。通读全文特别是最后一段Today, I become more confident and choose
10、.My passion for success is stronger than my fear of failure可推理出。45. C。推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇励志短文。社会生活类-201*全国卷 ACold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter(住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their
11、 animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take
12、 them out, stay outside with them. When youre cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of nonfrozen water.If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very sma
13、rt in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pets water. Sometimes owners dont realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet cant get anythi
14、ng to drink. Animals that dont have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.41What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1?AThey are often forgotten by their owners.BThey are used to living outdoors.CThey build their own shelters.DThey l
15、ike to stay in warm places.42Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather?ATo know when to bring them inside.BTo keep them from eating bad food.CTo help them find shelters.DTo keep them company.43If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may _
16、.Arun short of clean waterBdig deep holes for funCdirty the snow nearbyDget lost in the wild44What is the purpose of this text?ATo solve a problem.BTo give practical advice.CTo tell an interesting story.DTo present a research result.【要点综述】本文主要介绍在天气寒冷的时候，怎样使你的宠物又暖和又安全。宠物也喜欢待在温暖的室内。如果需要让它们待在户外的时候，一定要多
17、留心，给它们提供良好的住所、饮用水等。41. D细节理解题。结合第一段的“Sometimes owners forget that their pets are just as used to the warm shelter(住所)as they are.”可知宠物也像人们一样，喜欢待在温暖的环境中，因此选D。A项中的“被主人忘记”，与原文的“忘记它们喜欢温暖的地方”不一致；B项是人们的错误的认识；没有提到C项。 42. A细节理解题。结合第二段的“When youre cold enough to go inside, they probably are too.” 可知是如果你感到冷了，
18、这个时候你的宠物们也需要进入室内了，所以选A。B项“阻止它们吃坏的食物”；C项“帮助它们找到庇护所”；D项“同它们作伴”，均与原文的意思不符。43. A细节理解题。从最后一段的“Sometimes owners dont realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet cant get anything to drink.”可知在寒冷的天气里，水会被冻住，因此宠物们可能会缺水喝。B项中“for fun”错误；C项“把附近的雪弄脏”；D项“在野外迷路”，与原文信息不符。44. B作者意图题。作者主要是对那些养宠物的人们提出了一个具体的建议：在
19、寒冷的天气里，怎样照顾好他们的宠物。因此选B。A项“解决问题”；C项“讲述一个有趣的故事”；D项“呈现一个研究结果”，与作者的意图不符。(二)Why laughter mattersAlthough most people believe that laughter is one of the natures great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figu
20、re out.“Laughter above all else is a social thing，” says Baltimore neuroscientist, Robert Provine, who has studied laughter for decades. “All laughter groups laugh hahaha basically the same way. Whether you speak Mandarin, French or English, everyone will understand laughter. There is a pattern gene
21、rator(发生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”Laughing is our first way of communicating. Babies laugh long before they speak. No one teaches them how to laugh. They just do. People may laugh at a prank(恶作剧) on April Fools Day. But surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of
22、 someone making a joke. Laughter is mostly about social responses rather than to a joke. Deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isnt dependent on single sense but on social interactions.And laughter is not just a thing of people. Chimp
23、s tickle(挠痒) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.Jaak Panksepp, a Bowling Green University Psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. It turns out rats love to be tickledthey return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.By
24、 studying rats, scientists can figure out whats going on in the brain during laughter. Northwestern University biomedical engineering professor, Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药). He thinks the same thing probably happens in hum
25、ans, too. This would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.Even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts say. Margaret Stuber, a professor at University of California, studied whether laugher helped patients. She found that dist
26、raction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.“No study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit，” Provine said, largely because its hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. But he thinks it doesnt really matter, “Isnt the fact t
27、hat laughter feels good when you do it enough？”1The most important finding of Robert Provines research is that _Alaughter makes a person feel goodBlaughter depends on different sensesClaughter is a quality people are born withDlaughter is a social response shared by all creatures2According to the pa
28、ssage, scientists studied rats in order to find _Aif they can laughBif they like laughingCwhat laughter in rats producesDhow rats react while being tickled3What can we learn from the passage?APatients will recover if they laugh enough.BLaughter is a means of communication as well as a language.CA ne
29、w medicine has been developed based on the laughter research.DScientists can know what is happening in a human brain when he laughs.4Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A. B.C. D.CP: Central pointP: PointSp: Subpoint(次要点) C: Conclusion(二)【要点综述】“笑”既是人类也是动物的一种交际行为，多数人认为“笑”是治疗身体疾病
30、和心理疾病的有效方式之一。“笑”是否与健康有直接的联系，尚无科学定论，但是，“笑”能使你身心愉悦，这毕竟是一件好事。1A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”可知A项正确。2C事实细节题。根据第六段“laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药)”可知。故C项正确。3B事实细节题。根据第二段“All laughter groups laughhahaha basically the s
31、ame way.”以及第三段“Laughing is our first way of communicating.”可知，“笑”既是一种交际方式也是一种所有物种都能理解的语言。故B项正确。4D篇章结构题。文章第一节首先提出话题：尽管“笑”被认为是治疗身体疾病和心理疾病的方式之一，但是它仍旧是研究者们试图想弄明白的一个严肃的科研项目；接着文章从两个方面来论述主观点：(1)“笑”是人类的行为：Laughter above all else is a social thingLaughing is our first way of communicating；(2)“笑”也是动物的行为：And l
32、aughter is not just a thing of people；最后得出结论：“笑”是否与健康有直接的联系尚无科学定论，但是，“笑”能使人身心愉悦，这毕竟是一件好事。综上可知D项正确。维B1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：Katharine Mehtas mother likes to joke that the first sentence her daughter said was “I love dogs.” Its not the fact，but its certainly true in spirit. “When I was youn
33、g，my grandmother told me about how she sometimes found stray dogs and cats，and kept them on her farm as pets，” says Katharine.“That made me wonder what would happen when animals didnt have a home.I felt horrible thinking that they might be hungry or could get hit by a car.”But what could a little gi
34、rl do? The answer came during a trip to a park in her New York City neighborhood two years ago，where she met volunteers from Mighty Mutts，a local nokill animal rescue organization.“I thought maybe I could earn some money and give it to them，” she says.Since Katharine had plenty of practice taking ca
35、re of her own dog，she decided to start a summer dogwalking service. She chose two friends and，with their parents permission，the group put up homemade posters with their phone numbers and a bargain price50 cents an hour.Before long they had 15 dogs in their care.“We walked two or three at a time with
36、 one mother helping out，” she says.“By the end of that summer，wed collected $45.” That fall Katharine and her mother，Loma，came up with another mini enterprise to raise money for Mighty Muttsselling freshbaked shortbread to their neighbors.The 11yearold，who starts sixth grade this fall，has become a n
37、onstop campaigner.Her mother says，“When she sees somebody with a dog，she starts a conversation and tells them to donate to Mighty Mutts.”Katharines passion comes from the heart.“It makes me cry to think that strays might be_put_to_sleep when theres a group that can find new homes for them，” Katharin
38、e says.“But it makes me smile to know I can help.”Notes：stray adj.流浪的shortbread n黄油甜酥饼【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了11岁女孩Katharine是如何关爱和帮助流浪狗等小动物的。1Katharines love of dogs comes from _.Aher grandmothers influenceBher mothers influenceCthe influence of an organizationDseeing a dog killed by a car答案A细节理解题。由第二段可知，Katha
39、rine关心流浪狗是受奶奶的影响。2How did Katharine help the organizationMighty Mutts?ABy walking stray dogs.BBy giving shortbread to stray dogs.CBy collecting money.DBy making speeches everywhere.答案C推理判断题。由第三、四段可知，Katharine为别人遛狗挣钱，然后捐给Mighty Mutts，并且经常劝说养狗的人为Mighty Mutts捐款，故选C。3The underlined part “be put to sleep
40、” in the last paragraph means “_”Ato be supplied with a comfortable place for sleepingBto be given drugs so that they can die without painCto be made unconscious before a medical operationDto be made to sleep答案B词义猜测题。Katharine很有爱心，非常关心无家可归的小动物，所以她一想到流浪的小动物被人们用药物所谓“仁道地”杀死，她就会心痛地流泪。put to sleep意为“用药物使(长眠)，无痛苦地杀死”。4What would be the best title for the passage?AKatharine and her petsBAn organization for rescuing stray dogsCPet dogs are popular with childrenDA little girl helps strays答案D主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了小女孩Katharine帮助、关爱流浪狗，故正确答案为D。
