1、 Module 3 The Violence of NatureGrammar过去完成时的被动语态【语法精点】过去完成时的被动语态一、基础点拨1.构成：hadbeen过去分词(done)。2.概念：过去的过去3.注意：要与过去时相对照；先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时4.用法：1）常与by，before，when等引导的时间状语连用。By the time he got to the school，the first period had been finished.当他赶到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。The classroom had been cleaned before t
2、he teacher came.在老师到来之前，教室已经被打扫了。How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?飓风结束的时候，有多少座大楼被毁了？2）在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。He heard that the tickets had already been sold out.他听说票已售完。.选词填空：(1)The toys were so lovely that they(had been sold/were s
3、old)in no time.(2)How long(had they known/have they known)each other before they got married?(3)At the end of the meeting，it was announced that an agreement(had reached/had been reached)(4)We(have not seen/had not seen)each other up to now since I(had left/left)my hometown.(5)When I got up this morn
4、ing，I found that the rain (had stopped/stopped)and the sun was shinning.高考链接：1.(2013北京高考)Shakespeares play Hamlet _ into at least ten different films over the past years.A.had been made B.was madeC.has been made D.would be made思路分析：选C。考查时态和语态。句意：莎士比亚的哈姆雷特在过去几年里被制作成了至少十部不同的电影。时间状语over the past years与
5、现在完成时连用，且主语与make之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动形式。2.(2011北京高考)Experiments of this kind _ in both the U.S.and Europe well before the Second World War.A.have conducted B.have been conductedC.had conducted D.had been conducted思路分析：选D。句意：二战前在美国和欧洲都进行过该类实验。conduct发生在the Second World War之前，故是“过去的过去”,用过去完成时；又因experimen
6、ts 与conduct之间为动宾关系，用被动结构，故句子谓语动词用过去完成时的被动语态，D项为正确选项。3.(2011上海高考)After getting lost in a storm,a member of the navy team _ four days later.A.rescued B.was rescued C.has rescued D.had been rescued思路分析：选B。句意：迷失在暴风雨里四天后，一名海军成员被救起。由句中的时间状语four days later可知句子要用一般过去时，又因为a member of the navy team与rescue之间是被
7、动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态形式，故选B。4.(2011四川高考)All visitors to this village _ with kindness.A.treat B.are treated C.are treating D.had been treated思路分析：选B。句意：所有到这个村庄的游客都受到了善意的款待。visitors与treat之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，故选B。.单项填空1.It was the third time that Tom _ cheating in the math exams.A.have been caught B.had caught C.
8、was caught D.had been caught【解析】选D。句意：这是汤姆第三次在数学考试中被发现作弊。在“it was the third time+that从句”中，从句的谓语要用过去完成时。另外，根据句意可知此处主语与catch之间是被动关系，所以用过去完成时的被动语态。2.On hearing the news that her lost daughter _ the excited mother burst into tears.A.were found B.has been foundC.would be found D.had been found【解析】选D。考查时态
9、和语态。句意：一听到丢失的女儿被找到了这个消息，这位兴奋的妈妈大哭起来。过去完成时表示到过去某个时间为止已经发生或完成的动作或行为。3.George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to the wedding?No,I _.Did they have a big wedding?A.was not invited B.have not been invitedC.hadnt been invitedD.didnt invite【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。句意：乔治和露西上周结婚了。你去参加婚礼了吗？没有，他们没有邀请我。他们的婚礼隆重吗？
10、I是invite的承受者，即invite与I之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态；又因为“邀请”发生在“结婚”之前，got married是过去，invite就该是过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时的被动语态。4.The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designedC.was designed D.would be designed【解析】选B。考查时态和语态。句意：这座新吊桥上个月底设计完了。四个选项都是不同时态的被动语态，关键是判断用哪种时态；由“by the end o
11、f+过去时间”，可知要用过去完成时的被动语态。5.The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.A.has broken into;has been stolenB.had broken into;had been stolenC.has been broken into;stolenD.had been broken into;stolen【解析】选D。考查时态和语态。句意：警察发现有人闯入了这栋房子，许多东西被偷了。因为break into与the house之间是动宾关系，要用被动语态，排除A和B两项；又因为break i
12、nto和steal应发生在found之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时的被动语态；a lot of things与steal之间是被动关系，故用stolen作宾语补足语，为find sth.done结构。6.The policemans attention was suddenly caught by a small box which _ placed under the Ministers car.A.has been B.was being C.had been D.would be【解析】选C。考查时态和语态。句意：警察的注意力突然被一个安装到部长汽车下面的小盒子吸引住了。分析语境
13、可知，小盒子被放在部长车子下面的动作是在主句动作之前发生的，是过去的过去，故应用过去完成时的被动语态，故选C项。7.The town government had to find a new place to rebuild it,for it _ by a strong earthquake.A.was ruined B.had ruinedC.had been ruined D.has been ruined【解析】选C。考查时态。句意：镇政府不得不找一个新地方重建它，因为它被一场强烈的地震毁了。首先要看出ruin与主语it之间是被动关系，要用被动语态；另外，ruin发生在had to find a new place之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态。
