1、Section_Grammar 动词ing形式作主语和宾语语法图解探究发现Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.However, he doesnt care abou
2、t being famous.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mahjong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that coul
3、d feed more people.Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.我的发现(1)以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是；作动词宾语的是；作介词(短语)宾语的是。(2)句中为动名词的复合结构作主语。(3)句中it作形式主语。概念：动词ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。动词ing形式的时态和语态：语态时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving b
4、een done动词ing形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。一、动词ing形式作主语1动词ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his property.浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。名师点津(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。To lie to her is w
5、rong.对她撒谎不对。(2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。即时演练1补全句子Playing_with_fire is dangerous.玩火危险。Be careful！To_play_with_fire will be dangerous.小心点！玩火会带来危险。Swimming_is_a_good_sport in summer.夏天游泳是一项好的体育活动。2形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。此类句式常见的有：Its a waste of time doi
6、ng sth.做某事是浪费时间Its useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没用/是值得的Its no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.等别人替你做决定是没有用的。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空It is a waste of time trying (
7、try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games.It is worthwhile reading (read) such a wonderful novel.(上海高考改编)Its no use complaining (complain) without taking action.3当句型“There is no .”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词ing形式作主语。There is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse.不能否认环境状况正在
8、逐步恶化。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。即时演练3翻译句子不能说出他要做什么。There_is_no_telling_what_he_is_going_to_do.和他不能开玩笑。There_is_no_joking_with_him.二、动词ing形式作宾语1作动词的宾语常接动词ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest, finish, practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, cant help
9、)承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy)逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind)Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2作动词短语的宾语常见的跟动词ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：insist
10、on, object to, be good at, be fond of, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get/be used to, pay attention to, be worth等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。即时演练4(1)用所给词的适当形式填空(2016浙江高考改编)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do working (work) with s
11、tudents.I often practise listening (listen) and speaking (speak)The boy was lucky to escape being_punished (punish)We dont allow diving (dive) in the pool.(2)补全句子It is useful for someone who is trying to give_up_smoking.这对于正在试图戒烟的人来说很有用。I have never dreamed_of_visiting_that_place.我从未梦想过要参观那个地方。(陕西高考
12、改编)Its quite hot today. Do you feel like going_for_a_swim?今天很热。你愿意去游泳吗？3在有些动词的后面，如：start, begin, continue等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。4在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后接动词ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。He preferred staying in the hou
13、se when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词ing形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。)I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。)即时演练5对比填空He likes swimming but he doesnt like to_swim this afternoon. (swim)5有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：动词宾语的形式意义forgetto do忘记做doing忘记做过rememberto do记着要
14、去做doing记得做过regretto do遗憾/抱歉要做doing后悔做了tryto do尽力做doing尝试做meanto do打算做doing意味着go onto do接着做(另外一件事)doing接着做(同一件事)stopto do停下来去做某事doing停止做某事Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。即时演练6(1)单句语法填空I mean to
15、_change (change) it for another one.(安徽高考改编)I remembered to_lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to_turn (turn) off the lights.(2)补全句子I remember_to_mail the letter but forget_to_buy the stamp.我记得要去寄信可忘了买邮票了。Missing the train means waiting_for_another_hour.误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。6下列动词可
16、接动词ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve doing need/want/require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修一下。即时演练7(1)一句多译这个问题值得讨论。The_question_deserved_discussing.The_question_deserved_to_be_discussed.这个窗户需要清扫了。The_window_needs/requires/wants_cleaning.The_wi
17、ndow_needs/requires/wants_to_be_cleaned.(2)补全句子(湖南高考改编)Weve had a good start, but next, more_work_needs_doing/to_be_done (有很多工作要做) to achieve the final success.三、动词ing形式的否定形式动词ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时 not应放在逻辑主语和动词ing形式之间。You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having do
18、ne his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。即时演练8补全句子Excuse me for my_not_coming_on_time (我没能按时来)Im sorry for not_having_kept_my_promise (没有遵守我的承诺)四、动词ing形式的复合结构动词ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词ing，即“sb./sb.sdoing”构成。动词ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：形容词性物主代词动词ing名词s动词ing代词宾格动词ing名词动词ingHer co
19、ming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？名师点津(1)动词ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用两种形式。(2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第种形式。Toms winning the first prize last year impressed me a l
20、ot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？即时演练9用动词ing形式的复合结构补全句子His_fathers_being_ill made him worried.他父亲病了，使他很担心。Your_being_right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong.你正确未必就意味着我错了。We are looking forward to Jay_Chous/Jay_Chou_coming to give us a concert.我们盼望着周杰伦来给我们
21、举办一场演唱会。.单句语法填空1Would you mind turning (turn) down your radio?2There is no use keeping (keep) silent about such a matter.3His not_getting (not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week.4The teacher told the students to stop writing (write) and to_listen (listen) to him.5He succeede
22、d in persuading (persuade) her to do the job.6Seeing the funny scene, I cant help laughing (laugh)7I regret to_tell (tell) you that my sister regrets making (make) you her date. You are not the kind of person she wants.8The book is worth reading (read) a second time.9We are looking forward to hearin
23、g (hear) from Mr Li.10The windows havent been cleaned for a long time. They need cleaning/to_be_cleaned (clean).单句写作1I regret_to_tell you that your mother is badly ill, but you neednt regret_leaving her alone.很遗憾你母亲病得很重，但你不需要为留下她独自一人而后悔。2Many people have suggested setting_up_more_rules to protect an
24、imal rights.很多人都建议制定规则以保护动物权益。3If the TV should need_repairing/to_be_repaired,_please let me know as soon as possible.如果这台电视需要修理的话，请尽快通知我。4It is difficult to imagine his_accepting_the_decision without any consideration.很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。5His_getting_up_late_in_the_morning made him late for the clas
25、s.他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。6Its_fun_spending_the_holiday at the beach.在海边度假很有趣。7We are busy (in)_preparing_for_the_coming_exam.我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。8Toms_being_so_careless caused so much trouble.汤姆这么粗心，惹来了不少麻烦。.语法填空I crossed the street to avoid _1_ (meet) him, but he saw me and came _2_ (run) towards me. _3_ was
26、 no use pretending that I had not seen him, so I waved to him. I never enjoy _4_ (meet) Nigel Dykes. He never has anything to do. No matter how busy you are, he always insists on _5_ (come) with you. I had to think of a way of _6_ (prevent) him from _7_ (follow) me around all morning.“Hello, Nigel，”
27、 I said. “Fancy _8_ (meet) you here！”“Hi, Elizabeth，” Nigel answered. “I was just wondering how to spend the morning until I saw you. Youre not busy _9_ (do) anything, are you？”“No, not at all，” I answered. “Im going to .”“Would you mind my _10_ (come) with you？” he asked, before I finished speaking.“Not at all，” I lied, “but Im going to the dentist.”“Then Ill come with you，” he answered. “Theres always plenty to read in the waiting room！”答案：1.meeting2.running3.It4.meetinging6preventing7.following8.meeting9.doinging
