1、三十九 选择性必修 第四册 Unit 3The world meets China(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021安徽师大附中模拟)The Visitor Oyster cardA Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journey in London.Its a plastic smartcard.You can use it on the bus,tube,tram,DLR,London Overground and most National Rail services.Its much
2、 cheaper than buying individual tickets,in some cases costing 50%less than the price of a regular paper ticket.How to get a Visitor Oyster card?You can buy a Visitor Oyster card online.Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs 5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card.This
3、 means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.How does the Visitor Oyster card work?The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system.You start by adding money to the card.Then you travel,the cost of the fare will automatically be deducted from your Visitor Oyster card.Fo
4、r example,if you add 20 to the card and make a tube journey of 2.30,you will have 17.70 left on the card.A few more points:A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is“capped(给定上限)”at6.80 per
5、day.Youll pay more during peak times.Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday(6:30 am9:30 am;4:00 pm7:00 pm),except for public holidays.Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station,Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.【文章大意】这是一篇说
6、明文。文章介绍了游览伦敦使用Visitor Oyster卡的好处,以及如何购买和如何充值。1.What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?A.You cant use it during public holidays.B.You can have it mailed directly to your home.C.You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.D.You can receive a 50%discount at any shop in London.【解析】选B。细节理
7、解题。根据第二段第二句Your card will be delivered by post.可知Visitor Oyster card可以直接寄到你家。2.How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day with a Visitor Oyster card?A.2.30.B.3.40.C.6.80.D.9.20.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据A few more points部分Youll save more money if you use the tube several times.The
8、 Visitor Oyster card is“capped”at6.80 per day.可知如果你乘几次地铁,你会节省更多的钱。Visitor Oyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。3.Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?A.On the Internet.B.At a bus station.C.At a tube station.D.In convenience stores.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据A few more points部分倒数第二段Reuse the Oyster card by addin
9、g credit at a tube station,Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.可知可以在地铁站添加。B(2021桂林模拟)A new wave of psychological research is pioneering Virtual Reality(VR)to treat medical conditions from social anxiety to Alzheimers disease.Riding a wave of interest in mental health tech,companies creating VR cont
10、ent for treatment are receiving a flood of attention and funding.And,while VR has been used successfully to treat post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)since the 1990s,these new programs address a much broader range of conditions.The library of Palo Alto based Limbix,for instance,includes VR content d
11、esigned to treat issues including alcohol addiction and teenage depression.Barcelona-based Psious offers treatments for eating disorders.Todays VR content is primarily designed to aid exposure treatment,a treatment for anxiety disorders in which patients are exposed to the“threats”theyre worried abo
12、ut in a safe,controlled environment,eventually learning that the“threats”are not actually very dangerous.For example,someone who fears heights might visit taller and taller buildings under the guidance of their doctors,while someone with PTSD might revisit painful memories.VR allows doctors to creat
13、e a safe and controlled environment inside a VR headset.Its a far safer,quicker and less expensive option.Using VR also gives doctors much more control over the intensity(强度)of their patients experiences,which can lead to better treatment outcomes,said Stephane Bouchard,a professor at the University
14、 of Quebec.VR treatment patients can also do things they couldnt do in the real world.“In one of our studies,we asked patients who are afraid of heights to actually jump from a cliff,”Bouchard said.However,not all VR treatment content is created equal.“Some companies show videos of VR environments t
15、hat are incomplete,untested and definitely havent been tried out by psychologists,”Bouchard said.Clearer rules and standards will make it easier for patients and doctors to identify products that work.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。作者主要向读者介绍了新一轮的心理学研究正在开创虚拟现实的先河,这些研究试着用虚拟现实来治疗从社交焦虑到老年痴呆症的各种疾病。还介绍了虚拟现实的治疗法以及虚拟现实治疗法也
16、存在一定的弊端。4.What problems can VR be used to treat according to the passage?A.The fear of heights,blood pressure and eating disorders.B.Social anxiety,PTSD and alcohol addiction.C.Alzheimers disease,heart attack and teenage depression.D.Sleeping disorders,deafness and computer addiction.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据
17、第一段的“pioneering Virtual Reality(VR)totreat medical conditions from social anxiety to Alzheimers disease.”和第二段的“VR content designed to treat issues including alcohol addiction and teenage depression.Barcelona-based Psious offers treatments for eating disorders.”和第三段 的“For example,someone who fears he
18、ights might visit taller and taller buildings under the guidance of their doctors,while someone with PTSD might revisit painful memories.”可知,VR可用来治疗社交焦虑、老年痴呆、酒精上瘾、青少年抑郁、饮食紊乱、恐高和PTSD(创伤后应激障碍)。5.What is the main idea of Para.4?A.The benefits of using VR treatment.B.The principles of using VR treatment
19、.C.The side effects of using VR treatment.D.The causes of using VR treatment.【解析】选A。段落大意题。根据第四段的VR allows doctors to create a safe and controlled environment inside a VR headset.Its a far safer,quicker and less expensive option.(虚拟现实允许医生在虚拟现实耳机中创建一个安全和可控的环境。这是一个更安全、更快捷、更便宜的选择。)可知,文章第四段主要讲使用VR治疗法所带来的
20、好处。6.Which word can be used to describe the future of VR treatment?A.Passive.B.Uncertain.C.Promising.D.Worrying.【解析】选C。推理判断题。文中除去最后一段都在讲述使用VR治疗法的优势,最后一段虽然讲述了VR治疗法也存在一些弊端,但经过改正,这是可以杜绝的,且文章最后一句Clearer rules and standards will make it easier for patients and doctors to identify products that work.说明更加清
21、晰的规则和标准将使得医生和病人鉴别起效的产品更加便捷。综上可推断VR治疗法的前景一片光明。7.What will be most probably discussed in the paragraph following the passage?A.Wide use of VR treatment.B.Criteria of VR treatment.C.Problems VR treatment are facing.D.Reasons why VR treatment standards are needed.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Clearer rules and s
22、tandards will make it easier for patients and doctors to identify products that work.可推断,接下来的文段应该要讲述VR治疗法的标准。.完形填空(2021日照模拟)Rabbit Island is a tiny and remote island off northern Michigans Keweenaw Peninsula.Its 1nature is the perfect destination for artists to come and 2their creativity.New Yorker
23、Rob Gorski3the island in 2010,who wanted to protect its natural state.He also saw a(n)4to create a setting where artists could get close to 5and create their great works.Gorski set up the Rabbit Island Foundation,whose main goal is to host artistic 6during the summer while also teaching and 7conserv
24、ation.Artists,with the 8that the island should largely remain untouched,are 9to a two-week period of reflective engagement in a wilderness unlike anywhere else in the world.They 10a“leave no trace”policy.Small solar panels are used to generate electricity and buildings are simple with nothing 11left
25、 in place.“Rabbit Island exists to encourage the community to 12the most fundamental part of our agethe environment and the human relationship to it.We challenge artists to take 13and create bold works challenging the assumptions of the landscape created by previous 14,said Gorski.Most artists say t
26、hey have a better understanding and 15of nature after the experience,which,in turn,gives them many creative inspirations.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述Gorski将Rabbit Island打造成环保和艺术创作的基地,向读者传递了保护自然,与大自然和谐相处的理念。1.A.undesiredB.undevelopedC.unnamedD.unknown【解析】选B。这里与下文中remain untouched呼应,应该指兔子岛未经开发(undeveloped),还保
27、留着原始的自然风貌。2.A.displayB.assessC.sharpenD.inspire【解析】选D。此处搭配creativity,指艺术家们来岛屿上寻找、激发(inspire)灵感。3.A.purchasedB.developedC.ignoredD.occupied【解析】选A。从下文中Gorski对岛屿进行的建设改造来看,他对岛屿是有使用权的,所以应该是他买下(purchased)了这座岛屿。4.A.signB.possibilityC.opportunityD.invitation【解析】选C。结合本段内容可知,兔子岛的原始环境适于艺术创造,所以对于岛屿主人Gorski来说这是一
28、个机会(opportunity),下文中他也确实把握住了这个机会。5.A.heavenB.peopleC.lifeD.nature【解析】选D。原始、自然(nature)就是兔子岛最吸引艺术家们的地方,在前文中已经点出。6.A.partiesB.programsC.gamesD.shows【解析】选B。从后句解释的具体内容来看,这里指建立的兔子岛基地可以进行兼具艺术性和自然保护意义的项目(programs)。7.A.opposingB.raisingC.recordingD.advocating【解析】选D。空白处与teaching并列,结合宾语conservation来看,要表达对于自然保护
29、的支持,用“提倡、拥护(advocating)”是最符合文意的。8.A.hobbyB.topicC.beliefD.plan【解析】选C。从下文的“leave no trace”政策来看,这些得到邀请的艺术家们都是有着一个共识(belief)的。9.A.invitedB.exposedC.addictedD.related【解析】选A。这样的一个活动,艺术家们应当是被岛屿主人邀请(invited)过来的。10.A.organizeB.drawC.followD.imagine【解析】选C。空白后给出的宾语是一个政策、规则,因此需要艺术家们来遵守(follow)。11.A.permanentB.
30、popularC.availableD.portable【解析】选A。这里要符合前文“leave no trace”的要求,即不能留下任何难以降解、长久留存的(permanent)东西。12.A.put onB.focus onC.turn onD.agree on【解析】选B。既然是最根本、最重大的部分,那就是希望人们关注(focus on)和重视它。13.A.risksB.turnsC.dutiesD.notes【解析】选A。既然是进行挑战,且作品的风格比较激进大胆,那就要相应地承担风险(risks)。14.A.groupsB.racesC.fansD.generations【解析】选D。
31、空格处由previous修饰,与前文的our age呼应,应该指前辈、先代(generations)。15.A.descriptionB.communicationC.appreciationD.recreation【解 析】选 C。结 合 语 境 可 知,这 里 应 该 指 艺 术 家 能 更 好 地 欣 赏(appreciation)、理解大自然,相应地也能进行有创造力的创作。.语法填空(2021淮北模拟)The WeChat official account CNTOLONDON(中国旅游局伦敦公众号)1._(play)an active role in Britain,providin
32、g abundant cultural resources to Chinese people in the country.The WeChat account,2._(run)by the China National Tourist Office(CNTO)in London,has in the past month posted information about Chinese culture,online cultural 3._(activity),Sino-UK cultural exchange programs and cultural resources about 4
33、._countries.Huang Ping,general secretary of the London Chinatown Chinese Association,said the 5._(time)information from CNTOLONDON has been very helpful.“At present Chinese people in Britain are thinking about how 6._(sustain)their normal lives,as they have stopped boring and stressful daily living
34、supplies.CNTOLONDON has provided us 7._pretty useful cultural resources,”Huang said.Lady Xuelin Bates also 8._(high)praised the resources on the CNTOLONDON as“terrific”and“very attentive”.And the WeChat account 9._(welcome)domestically,as Chinese blogger Feifeima FM said readers were fond of the onl
35、ine cultural services from CNTOLONDON,many of 10._had no idea that the Ministry of Culture and Tourism of China had been providing such resources as early as February.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了微信官方账号CNTOLONDON(中国旅游局伦敦公众号)为中英两国提供了丰富的文化资源,并起到了积极的作用。1.【解析】has been playing。考查时态。分析句子可知,空格处的词为谓语,根据语境应该是微信官方账号一直
36、发挥着作用,应用现在完成进行时。2.【解析】run。考查过去分词。非谓语动词作状语,和句子的主语之间为被动关系,应用过去分词。3.【解析】activities。考查名词。网上文化活动应该是指各种活动,这里应用名词activity的复数形式。4.【解析】the/both。考查冠词/代词。分析句意和语境可知,句中特指两国文化资源,可以用the表特指,也可以用both表示这两个国家。5.【解析】timely。考查形容词。用形容词作定语来修饰名词information。6.【解析】to sustain。考查不定式。“疑问词+不定式”在本句中作about的宾语,意为“如何维持”。7.【解析】with。考
37、查固定短语。短语provide.with.意为“提供,供应”。8.【解析】highly。考查副词。作状语修饰动词praised,应用high的副词形式。9.【解析】was welcomed。考查动词的时态和语态。根据下文可知整段用的一般过去时,本句也应为一般过去时,并且主语和谓语之间为被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。10.【解析】whom。考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。many of whom引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词readers,whom在从句中作of的宾语。【知识拓展】非限制性定语从句分成不同的种类,在不同情况下,该从句的使用方法也是不一样的,下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍:
38、(1)who引导的非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语;(2)whom引导的非限制性定语从句:关系代词whom用于指人,在句中作动词宾语或介词宾语,作介词宾语时,介词可位于句末;(3)whose引导的非限制性定语从句:whose是关系代词who的所有格形式,在从句中作定语。whose通常指人,也可指动物或无生命的事物;(4)which引导的非限制性定语从句:关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句,在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语;(5)when引导的非限制性定语从句:关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语,指代主句中
39、表示时间的词语;(6)where引导的非限制性定语从句:关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语,指代主句中表示地点的词语;(7)as引导的非限制性定语从句:as引导非限制性定语从句时,代替整个主句,对其进行说明,但通常用于像as we all know,as it is known,as is known to all,as it is,as is said above,as always mentioned above,as is usual,as is often the case,as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限制性定语从句中可
40、以作主语、表语或宾语,且引导的从句位置比较灵活,可位于句首或句末,也可置于主句中间,通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如,就像”之意;(8)“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句是指在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词which有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词,而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配;(9)“名词/代词+of+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句。【加固训练】阅读填句(2021哈尔滨模拟)Urban WildlifeCities are diverse ecosystems.In addition to visitors
41、from the wild,a large number of species share our urban areas.As our cities spread,we need to think about what it is like for other species to have human neighbors.Cities are built for humans.1For example,most city parks are kept neat and tidy so that humans will find them beautiful.But when we cut
42、grass or flowers,we destroy natural habitats.2When a bridge in Austin,Texas was repaired,engineers added small gaps running along the length of its bottom.This made a good home for bats,and soon the bridge was the home of thousands of bats.3Now,they have come to value their winged neighbors.The bats
43、 are a tourist attraction,and they eat lots of bugs every night.There are also structures built with the aim of bringing wildlife into the city.The Beijing Olympic Forest Park is a good example.The park used native plants and created open,natural spaces for wildlife.The result is a zone in Beijing w
44、ith over 160 species of birds.In many ways,the park is the opposite of a zoo.4If we learn to share our space,we can become better neighbors to the wildlife around us.5Our own future will be endangered too.A.They are built to protect birds.B.Our actions sometimes help other species.C.If we do not,mor
45、e species will become extinct.D.They do not always provide suitable habitats for wildlife.E.Instead of being kept in cages,wildlife can move about freely.F.At first,people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.【文章大意】
46、这是一篇说明文,主题语境是人与环境,文章介绍了作者关于人类城市与野生动物关系的思考。1.【解析】选D。由空格前说Cities are built for humans,空格后说For example举例可知,城市并不总是为野生动物提供合适的栖息地。2.【解析】选B。此处设空在段首,考虑到段首句的作用,往往为主题句;根据后面提供的内容可知,我们人类的行为有时是可以帮助到野生动物的。3.【解析】选F。根据空后句的时间标志词可以判断设空处句子与后文内容存在叙述和时间节点的对照关系,故选F。4.【解析】选E。根据空格位置关系可知,其填写内容一定与空前句存在话题一致、内容上的承接关系,故选E。5.【解析】选C。根据上文谈及人类如果能够与野生动物共享城市空间的好处,且空格后句子所涉及内容与空前句形成比照关系,以及空后句的标志词too,可确定答案。
