1、三十八 选择性必修 第四册 Unit 2Lessons in life(限时35分钟).阅读理解A(2021武汉模拟)Choosing where to lay your head in London can be a tricky affair.But with a lot of fashionable design hotels to choose from,you can surely book into a satisfying one.Trust us.The Ham Yard HotelIf you need to be in Mayfair or Soho,Ham Yard is
2、 perfectly located as its housed in an“urban village”setting at the bottom of Regent Street.The light-filled modern building is decorated with signature Kit Kemp inside.Doubles from 662 per nightThe Hoxton HotelEast Londons first“destination”hotel opened in 2006 and its since won fans for its afford
3、able rooms in a great location.Sure,its“shoebox”rooms are on the small side,but theyre smartly designed and youll get a fridge filled with snacks,a cool phone to use and fast WiFi.Doubles from 138 per nightThe Artist Residence HotelOccupying a handsome five-storey terrace in Pimlico,this hotels gran
4、d surroundings cover up its cool inside.Youll find other artist living houses in Brighton,Penzance and Oxfordshire,but the touches to this London branch make it a must-visit.Doubles from 225 per nightThe Great Northern HotelLondons first railway hotel has just got a multi-million-pound redecoration.
5、Dating back to 1854,the Great Northern Hotel now stands proud between the Eurostars St.Pancras terminal and Kings Cross.Mini rooms modelled on sleeper carriages sit beside store rooms filled with tea,coffee and cakes,but the main attractive thing is the extra hours sleep youll get being so close to
6、the train platformwe calculate it as a three-minute dash.Doubles from 188 per night【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在伦敦的几个设计时尚的酒店。1.How much should a couple spend in the Ham Yard Hotel for two nights?A.225.B.276.C.662.D.1,324.【解析】选D。数字计算题。根据The Ham Yard Hotel部分中的Doubles from 662 per night双人间每晚662英镑,题目是一对夫妇住2晚,故6
7、62乘以2等于1324(英镑)。2.Which hotel will you choose if you want to get online quickly?A.The Ham Yard Hotel.B.The Artist Residence Hotel.C.The Hoxton Hotel.D.The Great Northern Hotel.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段提到的fast WiFi快速的无线网,所以是在The Hoxton Hotel能够迅速上网。3.What is special about the Great Northern Hotel?A.It is qui
8、te near to the railway station.B.It has some artist living houses around.C.It is a railway hotel with a short history.D.It is the first railway hotel in the world.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据The Great Northern Hotel中的“but the main attractive thing is the extra hours sleep youll get being so close to the train pl
9、atformwe calculate it as a three-minute dash.”可知The Great Northern Hotel离火车站非常近。B(2021云南模拟)Many people avoid apologizing because admitting to wrongdoing makes them uncomfortable.“We like to view ourselves as good people as kind and considerate,”says Ryan Fehr,a professor at the University of Washing
10、ton.“Apologies force us to admit to ourselves that we dont always live up to our own standards.We might also fear that the victim wont accept our apology,further damaging our positive sense of self.For these reasons,an apology can be very difficult to give.”For many,apologizing is stressful,awkward
11、and uncomfortable.But a heartfelt apology has positive effects.It can improve your mental health,repair damaged relationships and promote self-esteem.“Apologies act as a signal of ones moral character,”Fehr says.Researchers at Ohio State University have determined that effective apologies have five
12、elements:expressing regret,explaining what went wrong,acknowledging responsibility,offering to repair the situation and requesting forgiveness.All five arent necessary every time.“The more of those elements were included,the more likely the apology was seen as convincing,”says Roy Lewicki,the lead s
13、tudy author.“Acknowledgement of responsibility turned out to be the most important piece,followed by an explanation of why it happened and declaration of regret.”“Sometimes,an immediate apology is called for,”says Antony Manstead,a psychology professor at Cardiff University.“But if the other party i
14、s angry at your wrongdoing,it may be more effective to wait,because their anger may stop them accepting an apology.Some research suggests that a delay increases an apologys effectiveness because it conveys that the wrongdoer has had time to reflect on his/her misdeeds,”says Mara Olekalns,a professor
15、 of management at Melbourne Business School.“The best time to apologize is when one feels ready to sincerely apologize,”says Etienne Mullet,research director of the Ethics and Work Laboratory at the Institute of Advanced Studies.“There is nothing worse in these situations than insincere apologies.”【
16、文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了许多人拒绝道歉,因为道歉使他们很丢面子。但是,道歉是一个人道德品质的标志,本文就给出有效的道歉进行了说明要承担责任、越真诚越好。4.Why do many people feel uncomfortable to apologize?A.They are kind and considerate people.B.They are afraid of losing face.C.They believe themselves right.D.They have high moral standards.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句For
17、many,apologizing is stressful,awkward and uncomfortable.可知,对许多人来说,道歉是一种有压力的、尴尬的和不舒服的行为。根据stressful,awkward and uncomfortable可知,许多人认为道歉是很丢面子的事情。5.What is the most important when it comes to making an effective apology?A.To express regret.B.To express what went wrong.C.To accept responsibility.D.To re
18、quest forgiveness.【解 析】选 C。细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 三 段 最 后 一 句 Acknowledgement of responsibility turned out to be the most important piece,followed by an explanation of why it happened and declaration of regret.可知,对责任的承认是最重要的一件事,接着是对其发生原因的解释和对其表示遗憾。所以,说到有效的道歉,最重要的是承担责任。6.What can be inferred about an apolog
19、y from the last paragraph?A.The sooner,the better.B.The later,the better.C.The more often,the better.D.The more genuine,the better.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句There is nothing worse in these situations than insincere apologies.可知,在这些情况下,没有什么比不真诚的道歉更糟糕的了。据此判断出道歉时,越诚恳越好。7.What is the passage mainly about?A
20、.How you can make an effective apology.B.Why people avoid apologizing.C.What benefits you can get from an apology.D.When you can make a heartfelt apology.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了许多人拒绝道歉。第二段讲述了真诚的道歉有积极的影响。三、四两段就做出有效的道歉进行了说明要承担责任、越真诚越好。可知本文大意是怎样才能有效地道歉。【误区警示】7题容易误选B。因为文章开头第一段就提到人们为什么不愿意道歉,读者容易把这一段落大意当成文章
21、主旨大意。这属于以偏概全的错误。.完形填空(2021长沙模拟)My mother would send presents to others.The occasion never 1Christmas,birthdays,anniversaries or no occasion at all.She was always thinking about who might enjoy what.Creativity and 2went into the presents she gave,and she 3a thank-you note.Once she sent out a note to
22、her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged presents,4that they were now on her“Fecal Roster(黑名单)”and would not be removed until she had received a proper thank-you note.Even if you didnt 5a thank-you note,shed give you another present the next 6she had.She thought bad manners were y
23、our problem,not hers.Every time Mom and Dad 7to visit,all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage.There was always something for the kids,often a couple of little toys or a big 8of homemade cookies.They werent presents for particular occasions.They were 9“Isnt life great?”present
24、s.One spring when they came to visit,she handed me a 10bag.Inside was a painting that 11.“A Special Daughter.Youve brought laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.The most precious things we can 12for you are the things you have given us,13and Love.”Mom was a 14present giver,but
25、 the best presents we will always remember were her love for 15and her love for us.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述了作者的母亲喜欢给别人赠送礼物来表达自己的爱意。她用自己的行动表达了爱,传播了生活的美好。1.A.arose B.varied C.matteredD.occurred【解析】选C。根据空后的“Christmas,birthdays,anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知,母亲的给予是不分场合的,即给予的场合不重要(mattered)。2.A.sympat
26、hyB.justiceC.authorityD.thoughtfulness【解析】选D。根据“She was always thinking about who might enjoy what”和空前的“Creativity”可知,作者的母亲经常思考,所送的礼物既要有新意又要很体贴(thoughtfulness)。3.A.appreciatedB.resistedC.promisedD.ignored【解析】选A。根据第一段的第一句可知,作者的母亲是一个给予者;结合该句中的“Creativity and _went into the presents she gave,and she _a
27、 thank-you note.”可知,她很欣赏(appreciated)感谢信。4.A.assumingB.abusingC.correctingD.stating【解 析】选 D。根 据“Once she sent out a note to her own children and grandchildren who had not acknowledged presents,_that they were now on herFecal Roster”可知,有一次她给收到礼物却没有表达感谢的孩子和孙子(女)发了通牒,通牒上说(stating)他们现在在她的“黑名单”上。5.A.obta
28、inB.sendC.conductD.purchase【解析】选B。根据上文可知,作者的母亲送礼物的时候,希望收到礼物的人能够寄送(send)一张感谢信。6.A.chanceB.timeC.holidayD.festival【解析】选A。根据第一段中的“Christmas,birthdays,anniversaries or no occasion at all”可知,不只是在节假日,母亲在很多情况下都会准备礼物;结合“shed give you another present the next _she had”可知,她会在下一次有机会(chance)时赠给你另一件礼物。7.A.rode a
29、wayB.drove overC.walked byD.wandered around【解析】选B。根据空后的“all of us would gather in the driveway as they unloaded luggage”可知,作者的父母是开车过去(drove over)的。8.A.cageB.holderC.containerD.tank【解析】选C。句意:孩子们总能得到一些东西,通常是几件小玩具或一大盒自制饼干。cage笼子;holder持有者;container容器;tank(贮放液体或气体的)箱子。根据该句中的“a couple of little toys or a
30、 big _of homemade cookies”及常识可知,饼干是放在盒子之类的容器(container)里的。9.A.especiallyB.fairlyC.simplyD.apparently【解析】选C。根据该句和上文“They werent presents for particular occasions.”可知,它们不是为特殊场合而准备的礼物,只是(simply)关于“难道生活不美好吗?”的礼物。“Isnt life great?”presents可以理解为“彰显生活美好的礼物”。10.A.toyB.cookieC.handD.present【解析】选D。结合第一段中的“My
31、mother would send presents to others.”可知,这里指“礼物(present)包”。11.A.toldB.readC.appearedD.showed【解析】选B。根据空后的“A Special Daughter.Youve.and Love.”并结合该句可知,礼物包里面是一幅画,画上写着(read)下文中的几句话。12.A.recommendB.applyC.wishD.ask【解析】选C。根据“The most precious things we can _for you are the things you have given us”可知,父母希望(
32、wish)子女得到的是子女给予他们的,即幸福和爱。13.A.SatisfactionB.PrivilegeC.AssistanceD.Happiness【解析】选D。根据上文中的“Youve brought laughter and joy to our lives and so much love to our hearts.”及空后的“Love”并结合选项可知,孩子可以为父母带来幸福(Happiness)和爱。14.A.grandB.greatC.seriousD.extreme【解析】选B。根据本文第一句“My mother would send presents to others.”
33、并结合上下文可知,母亲是一个极好的(great)礼物赠送者。15.A.lifeB.kidsC.familiesD.gifts【解析】选A。根据“but the best presents we will always remember were her love for _and her love for us”可知,此处表示我们永远记得她给的最好的礼物是她对生活的热爱和她对我们的爱。从文中作者母亲的行为可以看出作者的母亲对生活(life)的热爱。.语法填空1._(adapt)from the novel of the same name,the film Forrest Gump won 6
34、 awards.The main character Forrest was a simple man with a low IQ.Whats more,what made him different from normal children was that he could not walk like common people.This made him 2._(discrimination)against by his peers.The heroine Jenny encouraged Forrest to have 3._go at running.Then she discove
35、red that he was capable of running faster than other people,which was 4._(believable).He was even chosen as a 5._(represent)to take partin the rugby match,He joined the army,bought boats,and 6._(eventual)became a billionaire.He even gave part of his 7._(possess)to his friends mum.As a matter of fact
36、,it was his mother who 8._(influence)him deeply.His giant heart and never-fading love for his lifelong friends took him on a journey 9._he learnt what his destiny was.The film aroused people to give thought 10._the true meaning of life.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电影阿甘正传的故事内容,该影片获得了6项大奖,电影唤起了人们对生活的真正意义的思考。1.
37、【解析】Adapted。考查非谓语动词。谓语动词是won,故adapt用非谓语动词形式作状语,adapt与逻辑主语the film是被动关系,用过去分词作状语,句首单词首字母大写。2.【解析】discriminated。考查非谓语动词。make+sb./sth.+宾语补足语,由下文的against by his peers可知,与him是被动关系,用动词的过去分词表示被动。3.【解析】a。考查冠词。have a go尝试,是固定短语。4.【解析】unbelievable。考查形容词。was后接形容词作表语。句意“然后她发现他能比其他人跑得更快,这是令人难以相信的。”5.【解析】represen
38、tative。考查名词。介词as后,用名词作宾语,不定冠词修饰名词,表示“作为代表”。6.【解析】eventually。考查副词。修饰动词became,用副词作状语。7.【解析】possessions。考查名词。his是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,该空作介词of的宾语,possession“个人财产”是可数名词,常用复数。8.【解析】influenced。考查动词时态。在强调句中前面用was,结合上下文时态可知,influence用一般过去时。9.【解析】where。考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是a journey,引导词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。10
39、.【解析】to。考查固定短语。give thought to考虑;想一想,是固定用法。【加固训练】阅读填句(2021大庆模拟)COVID-19 is still affecting a great many people all over the world.Most people who become infected experience mild illness and recover,but it can be more severe for others.Take care of your health and protect others by doing the follows:
40、1Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.Washing your hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rub kills viruses that may be on your hands.Maintain social distancing.2When someone coughs or sneezes,they spray small liquid
41、 droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain viruses.If you are too close,you can breathe in the droplets,including the COVID-19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.Avoid touching eyes,nose and mouth.3Once contaminated(弄脏),hands can transfer the virus to your eyes,nose or mouth.From
42、 there,the virus can enter your body and can make you sick.Maintain respiratory hygiene(呼吸道卫生).Make sure you and the people around you,follow good respiratory hygiene.This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue when you cough or sneeze.4Droplets spread viruses.By following
43、 good respiratory hygiene you protect the people around you from viruses.If you have a fever,cough and difficulty breathing,seek medical attention and call in advance.Your national and local authorities will have the most up-to-date information on the situation in your area.Calling in advance will a
44、llow your health-care provider to quickly direct you to the right health facility.5A.Wash your hands frequently.B.Stay at home if you begin to feel unwell.C.Then dispose of the used tissue immediately.D.Wear a mask if you are coughing or sneezing.E.Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses.F
45、.Maintain at least 1-metre distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing.G.This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and other infections.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了新冠肺炎病毒的个人防护措施。1.【解析】选A。根据本段内容,特别是根据“clean your hands”及“Washing your hands”等关键词可知,本段主要讲的是要勤洗手,故A项(勤洗手)符合语境。2.【解析】选F。根据本段主题
46、句“Maintain social distancing”及空后的“When someone coughs or sneezes,they spray small liquid droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain viruses.”可知,此处是说要与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一定的距离,故F项(与咳嗽或打喷嚏的人保持一米及以上的距离)符合语境。3.【解析】选E。空后说一旦弄脏了,手可以把病毒转移到你的眼睛,鼻子或嘴巴,因此此处是说手很容易携带病毒,故E项(手接触很多表面,可能会携带病毒)符合语境。4.【解析】选C。空前说咳嗽或打喷嚏时,用弯曲的手肘或纸巾捂住口鼻,此处承接上文,讲的是下一步该怎么做,故C项(然后立即处理用过的纸巾)符合语境。5.【解析】选G。空前说提前打电话会让给你提供医疗服务的人迅速指引你到正确的医疗机构,此处接着讲这样做的其他好处,故G项(这也将保护你,并有助于防止病毒和其他感染的传播)符合语境。
