1、Unit 4 Stage and screenPeriod 2 Using languageTo master the grammar:-ing as adverbial and use it correctly.Learning aimsLook at the sentences and answer Q 1 and Q 2.a.Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence until the Peking Opera came to to
2、wn.b.seeing the main characters come on stage,I was surprised!Leading in1.In sentence(a),who had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times?In sentence(b),who saw the main characters come on stage?2.Is this structure used more often in spoken or written English?“I”.“I”.It is
3、 used more often in written English.Compare the following sentences and answer Q 3 and Q 4.c.Since I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,I was full of confidence until the Peking Opera came to town!d.when I saw the main characters come on stage,I was surprised!3.W
4、hat is the difference between the two groups of sentences?The first group uses present participles as adverbial while the second group uses adverbial clauses.4.Why does the author choose to use sentences(a)and(b)in the reading passage?The sentences from the reading passage are more concise(简洁)and fo
5、rmal.现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，兼有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可作表语，定语，宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。现在分词用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。现在分词在句中可以作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随、程度和结果状语。现在分词短语作状语【知识拓展】1.作时间状语Seeing the police,he made a run for the exit.一看到警察，他就朝出口奔去。Having sent her child to bed,she began to do housework.打发孩子上床睡觉以后，她开始做家务。分析：
6、两个分词的动作是由其逻辑主语“he和she”发出，与句子的主语构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。2.作原因状语Being ill,he didnt go to school yesterday.因为生病了，他昨天没有上学。3.作条件状语Turning to the left,you will see a school.若是你左转，你就会看到一所学校。4.作让步状语 Granting this to be true,we cannot explain it.虽然我们承认这是事实，却无法予以说明。5.作方式状语You gave me such a fright creeping up on me li
7、ke that!你那样不声不响地从后面过来，吓我一跳！6.作结果状语 The child fell,striking his head against the door and cutting it.那孩子跌倒了，头碰在门上磕破了。7.作伴随状语 The little boy went upstairs,trailing his teddy bear behind him.那个小男孩走上楼去，身后拖着他的玩具熊。现在分词作状语的学习中我们还应注意以下两点：1.为了使分词作状语表达的意思更明确，可在其前面加上适当的连词：when,while,once,if,though,unless,even
8、等。When waiting for the bus,he saw an old friend.Once losing the chance,you cant easily find it.Dont talk while having dinner.2.分词所表示的动作和谓语动词同时发生时，用现在分词的一般时，即 doing；若在谓语动词之前发生，有明显的先后顺序时，用现在分词的完成时，即 having done。Walking in the park，I met an old friend of mine.Having been to the Great Wall many times,he
9、 didnt go last week.补充：独立成分（做状语或插入语）有些分词短语可作独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不表示主语的动作，只表示说话人的态度。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly)speaking,talking of（谈到),seeing that(考虑到),judging from(从判断)等。Generally speaking,girls are more careful than boys.Judging from his accent,he must be from the north.Talking of cleaning,its a
10、bout time you cleaned the house.1.(seat)himself by a table,the gentleman asked the waiter for a cup of coffee politely.2.(live)with the girl for five years,I know her very well.3.It took only three years to complete and was built(use)a new method.4.(look)out through the window,we saw a beautiful gar
11、den.5.(get)a permit to hunt,I began to ask for his permission to hunt wild animals in his forest.6.(show)around the lab,we were taken to see the library.7.The mother hurried to work,(leave)her son alone at home.8.The student stood in front of the door,(not know)what to do.Having been shownnot knowin
12、gSeating【即学即练】用所给动词的适当形式填空Having livedleavingusingLookingHaving gotSummary特殊用法1.为了使分词作状语表达的意思更明确，可在其前面加上适当的连词：when,while,once,if,though,unless,even 等。2.分词所表示的动作和谓语动词同时发生时，用现在分词的一般时，即 doing；若在谓语动词之前发生，有明显的先后顺序时，用现在分词的完成时，即having done。独立成分（做状语或插入语）有些分词短语可作独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(fra
13、nkly,honestly)speaking,talking of（谈到),seeing that(考虑到),judging from(从判断)等。现在分词短语作状语的基本用法现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，有动词和形容词的特征，在句中可表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，一般表示进行或主动的意思。现在分词用作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致，表示的动作和句子的主语是主动关系。现在分词在句中可作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式伴随、程度和结果状语。(1)He lay on the grass and stared at the sky.He lay on the grass,.(2)If we stu
14、dy hard,we will succeed.,we will succeed.(3)As he didnt know the way,he got lost.,he got lost.(4)Although he had been told many times,he still couldnt understand it.,he still couldnt understand it.(5)Bcause he was ill,he couldnt book the flight.,he couldnt book the flight.(6)My car was caught in a t
15、raffic jam,which caused the the delay.My car was caught in a traffic jam,.【即学即练】.用分词短语改写句子Having been told many timesNot knowing the wayStudying hardstaring at the skyBeing illcausing the delay(1)(虽然知道它很难)，I dont give up.(2)He went abroad，(留给他叔叔一间大房子).(3)(正在大街上走着),I met an old friend of mine.(4)(打扫完
16、教室),the students went to watch the football match.(5)(因为没有收到回复),he decided to write again.(6)(坦率地说)，the resources in the world are very limited.用分词短语完成句子Not having received the reply While walking/Walking in the streetleaving his uncle a big houseKnowing it is difficultHaving cleaned the classroomFr
17、ankly speaking.用动词的正确形式填空 Today I performed in the school play.I did a good job!_(see)all my family and friends in the audience applaud me,I _(feel)so confident and grateful.At first,I hadnt realised how much work it would be.The teacher was very strict,_(make)me so nervous that I would forget my li
18、nes.I often stayed up late at night _(practise)my part.(feel)extremely discouraged,I almost gave up.But thanks to the support of my teacher,parents and friends,I overcame my fears,_(know)that I did the best I could.Its an unforgettable experience.No pain,no gain,as the saying goes.SeeingfeltmakingFeelingknowingpractising
