1、第四节形容词和副词1Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are (high) they actually are.(2019全国)答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。根据其后的“than they actually are”可知，此处用形容词的比较级，故填higher。2According to a review of evidenc
2、e in a medical journal，runners live three years (long) nonrunners.(2018全国)答案longer解析考查副词的比较等级。句中的than是比较级的标志，故填long的比较级longer。3That makes her baby scream，and then a 400pound male appears.He screams (loud) .(2018全国)答案loudest解析考查副词的比较等级。由空前的the以及空后的of all可知要用最高级。4There could be an even (high) cost on
3、your health.(20186月浙江)答案higher解析考查形容词的比较级。“副词even比较级”表示“更”，强调程度。5. (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.(2017全国)答案worse解析考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。6Sixteen years (early)，Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.(20176月浙江)答案earlier解析考查副词的比
4、较级。sixteen years earlier意为“早在16年前”。提示词为形容词或副词，根据语境和句意，如果不需要改变词性和含义的话，则需要填该词的比较级或者最高级。 1比较级的标志词填空处后有than，用比较级。如果有as，则用原级。填空处前有even，much，far，rather，a little，bit及倍数 (twice，three times)等，用比较级。2最高级的标志词填空处后有of all/among等表范围，用最高级。填空处前有one of the，the序数词，定冠词the，则用最高级。3固定句型the比较级.，the比较级.越越比较级and比较级 越来越否定词比较级
5、最高级“(倍数)as原级as”结构more thanadj.表示“非常”4比较级最高级的不规则变化good/wellbetterbestbadworseworstbadlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfarthest (指距离)/farfurtherfurthest (指距离和抽象概念)1It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied.(2019全国
6、)答案poorly解析考查副词用法。根据句意和句子结构分析可知，此处副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied。故填poorly。2Her years of hard work have (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.(2019全国)答案finally解析考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。3Th
7、ey also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists.(2019全国)答案hugely解析考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词形式为hugely，故填hugely。4 (recent)，caffeine has found its way into orange，apple，and other flavored drinks.(201811月浙江)答案Recently解析考查副词。句意为：最近，咖啡因已经进入了橙
8、汁、苹果汁和其他风味饮料。此处单独作状语用副词。故填Recently。5When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings，car drivers can (easy) see them.(20196月浙江)答案easily解析考查副词。分析句子结构可知，设空处所给词修饰动词see，修饰动词要用副词，因此，用easy的副词形式，故填easily。6A taste for meat is (actual) behind the change.(2018全国)答案actually解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。修饰
9、动词用形容词actual的副词形式actually。7Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.(2017全国)答案fairly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。所填词修饰形容词unpleasant，故用fair的副词形式fairly。8It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. (2017全国)答案c
10、ertainly解析考查词性转换之形容词变副词。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词fun，故填形容词certain的副词形式certainly。1根据句意和句子结构，判断是填形容词还是副词。原则唯一：形容词修饰名词或者代词副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词2如果确定需要填副词，要注意形容词变副词的规律。一般情况：直接加lyquickquicklybravebravelyimmediateimmediately大多数“辅音字母e”结尾的形容词直接加ly unfortunateunfortunatelyabsoluteabsolutelyattractiveattractively“辅音字母y”结尾的形容词要变
11、y为i再加lyhappyhappilyheavyheavilysteadysteadily以al结尾的形容词，变副词直接加ly typicaltypicallyeventualeventuallyoccasionaloccasionallynormalnormallygradualgradually“辅音字母le”结尾的形容词，去e加ysimplesimplygentlegentlycomfortablecomfortablypossiblepossiblyreasonablereasonablyprobableprobably特殊 truetruly以ll结尾只加yfullfullydull
12、dully以ic结尾加allybasicbasicallyscientificscientificallyautomaticautomatically特别注意wholewhollyshyshylydrydrylygoodwellhard既是形容词又是副词 hardly是副词意为“几乎不”fair adj.公平的，头发浅色的，皮肤白的，美丽的，相当的n.集市fairly adv.相当地，公平地，竟然以ly结尾的形容词：friendly，lovely，lively，lonely，deadly，likely，monthly，yearly，daily，weekly，neighbourlyOn our
13、way to the house，it was raining hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.(2019全国)答案so解析考查副词。句意为：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们禁不住想还要多久才能到达那里。so.that.意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。1.形容词修饰名词或者代词。2.副词修饰动词、形容词或者副词本身。3.尤其关注“soadj./adv.that”句型。增分训练增分单句训练.单句语法填空1Internet users have (broad
14、) welcomed the move，saying this is a blessing for Chinese students who want to enter Cambridge.答案broadly解析此处应该用副词修饰动词welcome，所以用broadly。2They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude toward failure (simple) because theyre incapable of succeeding. 答案simply解析此处需要副词修饰整个原因状语从句。simple变成副词需要去e加y
15、，故填simply。3“I think AI is going to be (great) important for what we do，” said Jon Snoddy，an official of the entertainment company.答案greatly 解析此处需要修饰形容词important，所以需要用副词形式，即greatly。4Just take a look at a recent study where researchers found that the front pockets on womens jeans are 40 percent (short
16、) and 6.5 percent narrower than those on mens.答案shorter 解析根据后面的than及and 后面的平行结构narrower可知，此处应该用比较级，故填shorter。5China has splendid culture with a long history.Chinese opera is one of the (old) dramatic art forms in the world.答案oldest解析第二句句意为：中国戏曲是世界上最古老的戏剧艺术形式之一。此处是“one of the最高级名词复数”结构。所以此处用最高级oldest
17、。6However，it could lead to a much (deep) understanding of how we all remember the world around us.答案deeper解析a much deeper understanding一个更深入的了解，much用来修饰deep的比较级。故填deeper。7Scullin found students who slept more performed (well) in two different classes，and he published his findings in two academic pub
18、lications last November.答案better解析句意为：斯卡利林发现，睡眠较为充足的学生在两个不同的课程中表现得更好，并且在去年11月，他在两份学术刊物上发表了自己的研究结果。由“more”可知，这实际上是睡眠较为充足的学生与睡眠不足的学生在课程表现中的对比，所以用well的比较级better。8I made lifelong friends and had many (last) memories.答案lasting解析此处需要用形容词修饰名词memories。last可以由动词变为形容词lasting，表示“持久的”。.易错练习1. Honolulu has (many
19、) pedestrians hit in crosswalks than almost any other city in America.答案more 解析由than可知，用many的比较级more。2 (sure) red will always be a beloved color for designers，and red shoes have also become a choice for many supermodels.答案Surely解析 副词修饰整个句子，故填Surely。3The (easy) way to get involved in Red Nose Day is
20、to wear a red nose!答案easiest 解析句意为：参加红鼻子日最简单的方法就是戴上红鼻子。根据the以及句意可知应填形容词最高级easiest。4Cornwall has its own treasures toopretty villages and towns such as St Ives and Mousehole line the coastline，and make for the perfect locations to spend those (relax) summer afternoons!答案relaxing解析修饰summer afternoons用
21、ing形容词，故填relaxing。增分写作训练形容词、副词在写作中的应用1To be honest，I have once won first prize in the Oral English Competition，which，as a consequence，proves my ability.(2019全国)Honestly speaking，I have once won first prize in the Oral English Competition，which consequently proves my ability.2As far as I am concerned
22、，you are more competitive than anyone else，which will be of benefit to us.(2019全国)As far as I am concerned，no one can be more competitive than you，which will be beneficial to us.3There will be all kinds of performances，including Chinese music and pop music made by the teenagers，which will leave a de
23、ep impression on the audience.(2019全国)There will be various performances，including traditional Chinese music and original pop music made by the teenagers，which will definitely be impressive.强化练(五).语法填空A(2019湖南高三六校联考)Twentyfive years ago，most young British people wanted a career in law，to be a doctor
24、，or to take up singing.But today，things stand 1. (different)According to a recent survey，the “dream job” of young people 2. (age) between 16 and 25 in the UK is a video blogger，or “vlogger(视频博主)”The survey，carried out among 1,002 people，found that over 40% of them put vlogger as their number one cho
25、ice on a list of dream 3. (career)The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT)The Internet and social media have made it 4. (easy) and more convenient to reach a global audience，without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.“In the past
26、，the biggest stars 5. (make) by the Hollywood studios；now，anyone with a computer camera may become a star，” said Phil Samuels,6. expert from the UK.“From fashion to comedy，these selfmade stars interact online with their fans about everyday life.”However，what people see 7. (be) only the bright side o
27、f being a vlogger and they ignore the fact 8. only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually,9. every success there are a hundred others who never get off the starting block.This is why some young people still show 10. (prefer) for traditional jobs.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。如今，随着信息技术的发展，年轻人最理想
28、的职业是“网红”。其实，他们忽视了这样一个事实：在“网红”成功的背后，更多的是没有成功的人。1答案differently解析考查副词。空处修饰动词stand，故用副词形式。2答案aged解析 考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，动词age和其逻辑主语young people之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。3答案careers解析考查名词的单复数。career为可数名词，且结合该句中的“a list of”可知，此处表示多种职业，故用career的复数形式careers。4答案easier解析 考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“and more convenient”可知，空处与之并
29、列，也用比较级。5答案were made解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“In the past”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事，故用一般过去时；根据该句中的“by the Hollywood studios”可知，该句主语the biggest stars和动词make之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语为复数形式，故用were made。6答案an解析 考查冠词。根据语境可知，该处泛指“一位来自英国的专家”，故用不定冠词；expert的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。7答案is解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为“what people see”，是
30、what引导的主语从句，故谓语动词用单数；该句句意为：然而，人们所看到的仅是视频博主光鲜的一面，忽视了只有成功者才能得到名气和财富这一事实。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时，故填is。8答案that解析考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导同位语从句，说明抽象名词“fact”的具体内容，故用that引导该同位语从句。9答案for解析考查介词。“实际上，对于每个成功者而言，有上百名其他人还没有起步”。根据语境可知，此处应用介词for“对来说”。10答案preference解析考查词形转换。分析该句结构可知，空处作及物动词show的宾语，故用名词形式。该句句意为：这就是一些年
31、轻人仍然喜欢传统工作的原因。BIn the past few years，more than half of bookstores in China have closed down,11. is the result of the 12. (compete) with online bookstores.But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore，one of the 13. (big) privatelyowned bookstore chains in China，may serve 14. a great example.15 (found) in 199
32、3，Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability.Now，it not only devotes itself to 16. (sell) books，but combines the functions of the bookstore，cafe and the sale of 17. (create) cultural products.Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take
33、 advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books，and it also 18. (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee.In return，bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls，so 19. is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.So far，
34、the government 20. (offer) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores.Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come，but definitely，we see the turning point to them.11答案which解析考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导该从句
35、。12答案competition解析考查词形转换。根据语境以及空前的定冠词“the”可推知，此处应用compete的名词形式competition，表示“竞争”。13答案biggest解析考查形容词的最高级。根据空前的“one of the”和空后的“bookstore chains in China”及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形式。14答案as解析考查固定用法。serve as用作，充当，为固定搭配，此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。15答案Founded解析考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，found与其逻辑主语Sisyphe之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。
36、16答案selling解析考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to sth.“致力于某事”中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填selling。17答案creative解析考查词形转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative修饰其后的“cultural products”，表示“创造性的文化产品”。18答案enables解析考查动词的时态、主谓一致及词形转换。句意为：它也使人们能够享受阅读和饮用咖啡的时光。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。19答案it解析
37、考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。20答案has offered解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。so far为现在完成时的标志，且根据语境可知，offer与其主语the government为主动关系，所以此处应填has offered。.阅读理解(2019天津十二所重点中学联考二)Tiny microbes(微生物) are at the heart of a new agricultural technique to manage harmful greenhouse gas emissions.Scientists have discov
38、ered how microbes can be used to turn carbon dioxide emissions into soilenriching limestone(石灰石)，with the help of a type of tree that grows in tropical areas，such as West Africa.Researchers have found that when the Iroko tree is grown in dry，acidic soil and treated with a combination of natural fung
39、i(霉菌) and other bacteria，not only does the tree grow well，it also produces the mineral limestone in the soil around its roots.The Iroko tree makes a mineral by combining Ca from the earth with CO2 from the atmosphere.The bacteria then create the conditions under which this mineral turns into limesto
40、ne.The discovery offers a new way to lock carbon into the soil，keeping it out of the atmosphere.In addition to storing carbon in the trees leaves and in the form of limestone，the mineral in the soil makes it more suitable for agriculture.The discovery could lead to reforestation(重新造林) projects in tr
41、opical countries，and help reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere in the developing world.It has already been used in West Africa and is being tested in Bolivia，Haiti and India.The findings were made in a threeyear project involving researchers from the Universities of Edinburgh，Granada，La
42、usanne and Delft University of Technology.The project examined several microbiological methods for locking CO2 as limestone，and the Irokobacteria way showed the best results.Work was funded by the European Commission under the Future&Emerging Technologies(FET) scheme.Dr Bryne Ngwenya of the Universi
43、ty of Edinburghs School of GeoSciences，who led the research，said，“By taking advantage of this natural limestoneproducing process，we have a lowtech，safe，readily employed and easily operating way to lock carbon out of the atmosphere，while improving farming conditions in tropical countries.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明
44、文，介绍了科学家发现在艾罗科树的帮助下，微生物可以用来将二氧化碳转化为石灰石，这种方法可以用来处理温室气体。21The passage is mainly introducing .Asome useful natural fungi and bacteriaBa new way to deal with greenhouse gas emissionsCa newlyfound tree in West AfricaDthe soilenriching limestone created by scientists答案B解析主旨大意题。根据第一段首句可知，微生物是管理有害温室气体的农业新技术
45、的核心，本文介绍的就是利用这种新技术处理温室气体的方法，故B项正确。22Which of the following is TRUE about tiny microbes?AMost tiny microbes like living in dry，acidic soil.BCO2 can be broken down by natural fungi and bacteria.CThe more greenhouse gas is，the more active tiny microbes become.DTiny microbes get along well with the Irok
46、o tree in special soil.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，当艾罗科树生长在干燥、酸性的土壤中并经过天然真菌和其他细菌的组合处理后，它不仅生长良好，还会在根部周围的土壤中产生矿物质石灰石，由此可知，在某种特殊的土壤中，艾罗科树能够和微生物相处得很好，故D项正确。23What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?ACarbon dioxide. BCarbon. CSoil. DLimestone.答案C解析代词指代题。根据画线词前的“In addition to storing
47、 carbon in the trees leaves and in the form of limestone，the mineral in the soil makes”可知，除了在树叶和石灰石中储存碳外，土壤中的矿物质使土壤更适合农业生产，由此可知，it指代的就是前面提到的“土壤”，故C项正确。24According to the passage，what can we infer?AThe action of the tiny microbes can increase the oxygen in the earth.BResearchers have done the experim
48、ent on trees in Africa for three years.CResearchers tend to use natural power to solve their problem.DWest Africa is one of the most polluted areas all over the world.答案C解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The project examined several microbiological methods for locking CO2 as limestone，and the Irokobacteria way show
49、ed the best results.”可知，该项目研究了多种将二氧化碳锁定为石灰石的微生物方法，其中艾罗科树和微生物的方法效果最好，再结合最后一段内容可知，研究人员倾向于使用自然力量来解决温室气体的问题，故C项正确。25According to the passage，the Irokobacteria method .Acan be used to improve the farming landBcan save a lot of seriously destroyed woodsChas been popularized in Bolivia，Haiti and IndiaDshou
50、ld be spread all around the world in the future答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中Dr Bryne Ngwenya的话可知，通过利用这种天然的石灰石生产过程，我们有了一种低技术、安全、易于操作的方法锁定大气中的碳，同时改善热带国家的农业条件，由此可知，这种方法能够用于改善耕地，故A项正确。.七选五Behind every great product is a great team.Teamwork in the workplace offers the staff the opportunity to become more familiar w
51、ith each other and learn how to work together. 26 .There are several ways in which teamwork is important to the success of the company and to the development of each employee.Efficiency(效率)Work teams develop systems that allow them to complete tasks efficiently. 27 ，the teams work pace makes sure th
52、at the task is completed quickly and accurately.This allows the company to take on more work and also lets the company increase more income without having to add more staff.This becomes helpful when efficient teams from different departments work together.Support 28 .And a strong team environment ca
53、n act as a support system for staff members.Work group members can help each other improve performance and work together toward improving professional development.Team members come to rely on each other and trust each other. 29 ，these bonds can be important.IdeasTeams in the workplace often meet to
54、discuss how to deal with company problems.When a team works well together，it allows staff members to feel more comfortable in offering suggestions.Team members become accustomed to processing brainstorming information. 30 .AThere are challenges each day in any workplaceBWhen the team faces a particu
55、larly hard challengeCWe all know teamwork helps companies earn more moneyDWhen a task is handed to a welltrained and efficient teamEIt is also the fuel that allows employees and companies to have successFThe company surely benefits from various suggestions given by efficient teamsGOne of the main be
56、nefits of a strong team environment is to share ideas with each other语篇解读本文属于说明文，主要从三个方面介绍了团队合作的好处：提高效率、相互支持、提出建议。26答案E解析前面提到团队合作对员工的作用，后面提到团队合作在哪些方面对公司和员工起作用，故本空应该跟团队合作对公司和员工的作用有关，E项“它也有助于让员工和公司获得成功”符合语境。27答案D解析本空后面半句说到了“这个团队的工作节奏能够确保迅速无误地完成该工作”，再结合本段小标题Efficiency(效率)可知，本空应与高效率有关，故D项“当把一份工作交给一个训练有素
57、且有效率的团队时”符合语境。28答案A解析本段小标题是Support，空后一句说到一个强大的团队环境可以为员工提供支持，因此A项“在任何一个工作场所，每天都会有挑战”能很好地与下文衔接。29答案B解析本段的小标题是Support，谈的是团队成员的相互支持。空前说到了团队成员相互帮助提高在公司的表现、共同努力促进专业发展，同时，团队成员也会逐渐相互依靠和信任。所以B项“当这个团队遇到很困难的挑战时”与后半句“这种相互关系(支持与信任)就会尤其重要”衔接。30答案F解析空前说到团队成员能更自如地提出建议，以及变得习惯于加工头脑风暴信息，为公司出谋划策，故F项“公司一定能够从高效的团队提供的建议中受
58、益”符合上下文逻辑。同时，F项中的suggestions与小标题Ideas和最后一段中的suggestions也给出了提示。.完形填空(2019绍兴模拟)In April 1952，I was 11 years old and in the sixth grade at an elementary school.My teacher was Miss Pemberton.It was spelling bee time in our citystudents were issued with brochures of words to study in 31 for the class spe
59、lldowns(比赛)They would lead to a schoolwide contest and 32 qualification for the citywide spelling bee，where school 33 competed for the 34 of being the spelling champion of Houston.The day 35 the class spelling bee，my youngest brother was playing with matches and 36 set a fire in our apartment.My mot
60、her made sleeping arrangements for all of us and 37 the school in the morning to inform Miss Pemberton of the accident， 38 that the class spelling bee was that day.When I arrived at school，Miss Pemberton 39 me aside.She asked if I wanted her to 40 the spelling bee to another day because of my 41 abo
61、ut the fire.I told her no.That day，I won the spelling bee for my class.The next week was the school spelling bee，with class champions 42 .I won again! The 43 spelling bee was one month away. Every Sunday afternoon，Miss Pemberton would pick me up，and we would go to her house，where she would help me 4
62、4 by calling out spelling words.After a couple of 45 ，Miss Pemberton would 46 me to Rettigs icecream parlor，where I could 47 a hot chocolate sundae(圣代冰激凌) which Id never had.We practiced every 48 until the citywide spelling bee.I did not win the citywide spelling bee，but I still felt 49 to have part
63、icipated.I also felt grateful that I had such a 50 teacher in elementary school.31A.need BexchangeCpreparation Dreturn答案C解析根据该句中的“students were issued with brochures of words to study in for the class spelldowns(比赛)”可知，老师给学生们分发了单词手册，以便他们为班级拼字比赛做准备。in preparation for为固定搭配，意为“为做准备”，故C项正确。32A.actual Bf
64、inalChopeful Dlucky答案B解析根据该句中的“They would lead to a schoolwide contest and qualification for the citywide spelling bee”可知，班级比赛后便是校级比赛，最后选出参加市级比赛的合格人选。B项意为“最后的”，符合语境。33A.students BparticipantsCwinners Dteams答案C解析结合该句中的“where school competed for the of being the spelling champion of Houston”可以判断，学校的获胜
65、者们将为休斯敦市拼字比赛的冠军荣誉而竞争。C项意为“获胜者”，符合语境。34A.prize BbenefitCfame Dhonor答案D解析参见上题解析。honor荣誉，符合语境，故D项正确。prize奖励；benefit好处；fame名声。35A.before BafterCduring Dfor答案A解析根据语境可知，在参加班级拼字比赛的前一天，“我”最小的弟弟在家里玩火柴意外地引发了一场火灾。A项意为“在以前”，符合语境。36A.stupidly BsuccessfullyCshortly Daccidentally答案D解析参见上题解析。accidentally意外地，偶然地，符合语
66、境，故D项正确。stupidly愚蠢地；successfully成功地；shortly不久，很快。37A.visited BcalledCemailed Dwrote答案B解析 “我”妈妈安排好我们睡觉的地方，第二天早上就打电话将这次事故告诉了Pemberton老师。B项意为“打电话”，符合语境。38A.believing BhopingCknowing Dtelling答案C解析“我”妈妈在告诉老师这次事故时知道了班级的拼字比赛就在那天。know知道，了解，符合语境，故C项正确。39A.pulled BdroveCleft Dhelped答案A解析根据该句“When I arrived at
67、 school，Miss Pemberton me aside.”并结合下文内容可知，Pemberton老师在“我”到学校时将“我”拉到一边，询问“我”的情况。pull拉，符合语境。40A.call off Btake offCput off Dsend off答案C解析根据上下文可知，此处指老师问“我”是否想让她把拼字比赛推迟到另一天，因为我对那场火灾的烦恼。put off推迟，符合语境。41A.upset BcuriosityCdoubt Danger答案A解析参见上题解析。upset意为“不痛快，烦闷”，符合语境，故A项正确。42A.waiting BcompetingCwinning
68、Dapplying答案B解析根据语境可知，下一周校级拼字比赛上，所有班级的获胜者参与竞争(compete)，故B项正确。第一段最后一句中的“competed”亦是提示。43A.schoolwide BcitywideCnationwide Dworldwide答案B解析根据上文的“the citywide spelling bee”和下文的“until the citywide spelling bee”可知，此处表示市级拼字比赛一个月后进行。citywide全市范围的，故B项正确。44A.review BrememberClearn Dpractice答案D解析根据该句中的“by calli
69、ng out spelling words”和下文中的“We practiced”可知，Pemberton老师帮助“我”练习(practice)，故D项正确。45A.minutes BhoursCdays Dweeks答案B解析根据语境可知，此处指在练习几个小时后，Pemberton老师会将“我”带到Rettig冰激凌店。hour小时，故B项正确。46A.rush BdragCtake Dsend答案C解析参见上题解析。take sb.to some place为固定搭配，意为“将某人带到某地”，故C项正确。47A.order BuseCmake Denjoy答案D解析在Rettig冰激凌店“
70、我”可以享用(enjoy)从来没有品尝过的一种热巧克力圣代冰激凌。故D项正确。48A.weekend BafternoonCmoment Dnight答案A解析根据该段第一句中的“Every Sunday afternoon”，再结合该句“We practiced every until the citywide spelling bee.”可知，我们每个周末(weekend)都练习，直到市级拼字比赛。故A项正确。49A.proud BwelcomeCdisappointed Dsurprised答案A解析根据后文的“I also felt grateful.”可推知，尽管“我”没有在市级拼字比赛中获胜，但是“我”仍然为参加了这次比赛而感到骄傲。proud自豪的，骄傲的，故A项正确。50A.successful BpatientCprofessional Dcaring答案D解析由全文内容可知，此处指“我”对有这样一位关心他人的(caring)小学老师充满感激，故D项正确。
