1、Unit 1Nature in the balance Grammar and usage&Integrated skills要点精研探究学习e up with想出,想到*All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve these problems.他们都对如何解决这些问题提出了创造性的想法。*(2019全国卷)Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem:a
2、 smart keyboard.乔治亚理工大学的研究人员说,他们已经想出了一种解决这个问题的低成本设备:智能键盘。*Some new issues came up at the conference.在会上,一些新问题被提出来了。*The truth is beginning to come out about what happened.关于所发生的事,真相开始逐渐浮出水面。【导图理词】【名师点津】不一样的“提出”come up with“提出,想出”,其主语是sb.;come up“被提出”,其主语是sth.,如问题、观点、建议等。【即学活用】用适当的介、副词填空。(1)Is that t
3、he best excuse you can come up _?(2)The name Lin Shuhao comes _a lot on TV.(3)Bats sleep in the daytime and come _to hunt for food at night.(4)In a few moments she suddenly came _.withupoutto2.call for(公开)要求;需要*Some call for the application of modern technology,and others a change of lifestyle.有人呼吁应
4、用现代技术,也有人呼吁改变生活方式。*The public are calling for an end to air pollution.公众呼吁结束空气污染。*When Im in Pittsburgh,I call him up.每到匹兹堡,我都给他打电话。*Im going to call on one of my former classmates.我要去看望我的一位老同学。【导图理词】【即学活用】用适当的介、副词填空。(1)The game was called _because of the bad weather.(2)The smell of the sea called _
5、memories of her childhood.(3)The situation calls _prompt action.(4)He used his speech to call _the world to help his country.offupforon3.application n.应用,运用;申请*The invention will have wide application in industry.这项发明会在工业中得到广泛应用。*It was announced that they had received 500 applications for the post.
6、据宣布,对这个职位,他们已经收到了500份申请书了。*I made an application to the hospital for a job as a nurse and to my delight,my application was accepted.我向这家医院申请了护士的工作,令我感到高兴的是,我的申请被接受了。*After a short holiday,he applied himself once more to his studies.经过短暂的假期后,他再次专心于学习。【词块积累】(1)make an application(to.)for.(向)申请(2)apply
7、 v.运用;申请;应用apply to do sth.申请做某事apply.to.将用在上apply(to sb.)for sth.(向某人)申请某物apply oneself to 致力于;专心于(3)applicant n.申请人【即学活用】(1)语法填空。Students learned the practical _(apply)of the theory they had learned in the classroom.His _(apply)for membership of the organization was rejected.(2)The new technology
8、_farming.这项新技术已应用于农业。Faulks has _this task with considerable energy.福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。applicationapplicationhad been applied toapplied himself to4.As the human population continues to grow,so does the effect we have on animals.随着人口的持续增长,我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。【句式解构】本句使用了“So+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”结构构成的倒装结构,表示“也是如此”
9、,用于肯定句,表示同样肯定的看法或做法。*Yesterday I went shopping,and so did my best friend.昨天我去买东西,我最好的朋友也去了。*My father is a teacher and so is my mother.我父亲是老师,我母亲也是。*He didnt finish his homework.Neither/Nor did I.他没有完成作业。我也没完成。*John likes fish but he doesnt like meat,and so it is with/it is the same with Mary.约翰喜欢吃鱼
10、但不喜欢吃肉,玛丽也如此。【名师点津】(1)“Neither/Nor+be动词/助动词/情态动词+另一主语”用于表示前面提到的否定情况也适用于另一主语,意为“也不”。(2)“So it is/was with.”和“It is/was the same with.”句式表示前面提到的两种或两种以上的情况也适用于另一主语。(3)“so+同一主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词”意为“的确如此”,表示对前面的话加以确认或强调。*It was very cold yesterday.So it was.昨天很冷。的确如此。【即学活用】(1)He can swim and _.他会游泳,我也会。(2)If
11、 you wont go there,_.如果你不去那里,我也不去。(3)He doesnt like playing jokes,_.他不喜欢开玩笑,他哥哥也不喜欢。so can Ineither will Inor does his brother语法精讲深化学习省略(Ellipsis)【情境探究】观察上面对话,补全对话内容。1.()Beg your pardon.2.()Got any ink?IHave you【要义详析】为了避免重复,或为了使句子更简练,在一些句子中常常省去一个或某几个成分,这种语法现象在英语中叫省略。一、简单句中的省略1.省略主语:一般情况下,主语是不能省略的,但在
12、祈使句和其他不容易引起歧义的情况下,特别是在口语中,主语常常省略,主要是祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语。*()Come in,please!请进!*()Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。YouI2.省略宾语:当上、下或前后两个句子的宾语一致时,下句或后句常省略宾语。*Do you know Miss Gao?I dont know().你认识高女士吗?不认识。her3.省略主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分):在某些具体的场合下,主语和谓语都很明确,此时为了简化或显得亲切等,可将主语和谓语(或谓语的一部分)同时省略,只剩下表语、宾语、状语或其他成分。*Who()next?
13、谁下一个来?comes【即学活用】补全下列省略句。(1)Have a seat,please!_(2)Looks like rain._(3)Lets do the dishes.Ill wash and you dry._(4)Got any idea about the plan?_ You have a seat,please!It looks like rain.Lets do the dishes.Ill wash and you dry them/the dishes.Have you got any idea about the plan?二、并列句中的省略 在由and或but连
14、接的并列句中,常省略一些重复的词或词组。1.省略共同的主语或宾语。*Tom picked up a book on the floor and()handed it to his teacher.汤姆在地板上捡起了一本书并把它交给了老师。2.若主语不同,而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同,则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。*My father is a doctor and my mother()a nurse.我的父亲是一名医生,母亲是一名护士。Tomis3.若主语与谓语动词相同,则省略后面的主谓成分。*His advice made me happy,but()Jim angry
15、.他的建议使我高兴,却使吉姆生气。4.若主语不同,但主要动词及后续部分相同,则省略主要动词及后续部分。*He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesnt().他具备急救知识,但他朋友不具备。his advice madehave a knowledge of first aid【即学活用】写出下列句中可以省略的部分。(1)Some of us study Japanese,and others study English.()(2)He gave up drinking several months,but he returned to
16、 his old way later.()(3)My friend didnt come to school,but I wonder why he/she didnt come to school.()others后的studyhehe/she didnt come to school三、复合句中的省略1.状语从句的省略。在when,while,if,as if,though,although,as,until,once,whether,unless,whenever等连接的状语从句中,当从句主语与主句的主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时,则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。
17、*(2019北京高考)While()working,I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.工作的时候,我意识到在烈日下的田野里工作是多么辛苦。I was*You should stay where you are,unless()asked to leave.你应待在你现在的地方不动,除非叫你离开。*Whenever()possible,they would stop him and ask him the three questions.只要有可能,他们就让他停下并问他这三个问题。*Do you co
18、me up with good ideas?If()so,we would love to hear from you.你能想出好点子吗?如果有,我们很愿意收到你的来信。you areit isit is【名师点津】(1)省略句中的谓语动词和主语之间构成主动关系,则使用现在分词;若构成被动关系,则使用过去分词;若谓语动词表示的动作尚未发生,则使用不定式。(2)在than,as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。*They dont use more water than()necessary.他们使用的水没有超出需要量。*He runs as fast as Bob().他和鲍勃跑得一样快。
19、it isruns2.定语从句的省略。(1)在限制性定语从句中,作宾语用的关系代词whom,which,that可省略(但whom,which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。*The exact year()Angela and her family spent together in China was 2018.安吉拉和她的家人一起在中国度过的那一年是2018年。(2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。*The way he speaks to us is really annoying.他对我们讲话的方式真是让人讨厌。which/that3.宾语从句的省略。及物动词后接宾语
20、从句时,连接词that一般可以省略;但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略。*I truly believe()beauty comes from within.我真的相信美丽来自内心。*He said()the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文很重要,我们应该牢记在心。thatthat【即学活用】(1)把下列句子改为省略句。If he is chosen,Mr Brown,who is rich in experience,will turn o
21、ut to be an excellent manager._,Mr Brown,who is rich in experience,will turn out to be an excellent manager.Fill in a proper preposition where it is necessary.Fill in a proper preposition _.If chosenwhere necessary(2)写出下列句中可以省略的部分。Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have e
22、xpressed it differently.()She didnt go to school yesterday.I dont know why she didnt go to school yesterday.()thatshe didnt go to school yesterdayAmong the many dangers which sailors have to face,probably the greatest of all is fog.()Please send us all the information that you have about the candida
23、te for the position.()whichthat四、其他的省略情况1.动词不定式的省略。(1)当不定式在形容词afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作状语时,to后的内容常省略。*You cant force him to answer the question if hes not ready to().如果他不愿意回答这个问题,你不能强迫他。answer the question(2)某些使役动词,如make,let,have等和感官动词,如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等后面作宾语补足语的不
24、定式须省略to,但若这些动词用于被动语态,则to不省略。*We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom.我们经常听到她在教室里唱一首英文歌。*The boy was noticed to enter the office.男孩被(人)注意到进入了办公室。(3)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时,常可省略。常见的动词有agree,afford,expect,forget,hope,know,manage,pretend,remember,refuse,want,wish,would like等。*I would do it for yo
25、u,but I dont know how to().我愿意为你做这件事,但是我不知怎么去做。do it for you(4)介词but,except(除了)前有实义动词do的某种形式时,后面的不定式不带to。*We have nothing to do but()wait.我们现在除了等别无选择。to【名师点津】省略的不定式内容若含有作助动词用的have或be的任何形式时,to后要保留原形的have或be。*He didnt come,but he ought to have.他没来,但他应该来。2.使用so,not等时的省略。在英语中,可以用so,not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分
26、或整个句子。*Is he coming back tonight?他今晚回来吗?I think so.我认为会回来。3.介词的省略。一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略,而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构:have difficulty/trouble(in)doing sth.。be busy(in)doing sth.。spend some time(in)doing sth.。stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth.。【即学活用】(1)Is he feeling better today?_(恐怕没有好转).(2)Tom was injured,or he
27、 would have won the race._(我认为如此).(3)We can do nothing _.我们只能放弃。Im afraid notI think sobut give up(4)My mother wouldnt _.我妈妈不让我去看电影。(5)I have some trouble _.我学英语有困难。let me go to see the film(in)learning English【语法主题应用】使用本单元所学语法(省略),结合中文提示补全短文1._(随着经济的快速发展),many people come to realize that we have go
28、t the development at the cost of our environment.With the rapid development of economyIf we human beings are clever enough,we should 2._(采取措施保护环境)right now.We should pass laws to forbid cutting down trees.Those who pollute rivers and seas should be punished.Wild animals should be well protected.It i
29、s necessary that 3._(所有人应该知道保护环境的重要性).As is known to all,if we act soon enough,we can still have a bright future.4._(如果我们不这样做,我们会受到自然的惩罚).take measures to protectthe environmenteveryone shouldknow the importance of protecting environmentIf we dont,we will be punished by nature读写结合表达升级【文体感知】Task 1 框架
30、宏观建构:整体理解1.Skim the news report and fill in the blanks.Part 1(Para.1)Human beings have the(1)_ impact on animal populations.Part 2(Paras.2、3)*(2)_have had damaging effects on the worlds animal populations.*Human activities have(3)_ effects on animals.greatestHunting and fishingindirect2.Choose the b
31、est answer.What is the main purpose of the passage?A.To analyze how human activities are harming animals.B.To call on us to protect animals.C.To recommend the news report to the readers.D.To show the present situation of animals.答案:ATask 2 文本微观剖析:特色表达Choose the best answer.(1)Why do hunting and fish
32、ing directly harm animals?A.Animals are hunted for food.B.Animals are hunted for fashion.C.Animals are hunted for fun.D.A,B and C(2)Which of the following behaviors doesnt indirectly hurt animals?A.Development in towns and cities.B.Planting flowers in the garden.C.Air,water,noise and light pollution
33、.D.Humans build farms or factories.答案:DB【实践应用】【模板构建】保护环境或野生动植物的新闻报道可以分三段,分别为:Paragraph 1To introduce the importance of protecting environment or wild animals and plants.Paragraph 2To analyze the causes of this situation.Paragraph 3To put forward the improvement measures.【典题仿写】假设你是新华中学的学生李华,请根据以下提示,针
34、对你的家乡近两年频繁遭受沙尘暴袭击的情况,向某英语报社投稿,呼吁大家植树造林,保护环境。1.过去家乡树木成林;2.如今人们毁林种地建房;3.气候变化,土地荒漠化;4.植树造林,人人有责。注意:词数80个左右。【遣词造句】完成句子1.People in my hometown _in order to build houses and plant more crops.为了建房和种植更多庄稼,我家乡的人们一直砍伐树木开垦草地。2.Land _.土地逐渐变成沙漠。have been cutting down trees and digging up grassgradually becomes d
35、esert3.Sandstorms often _.沙尘暴经常袭击我的家乡。4.People _sandstorms.沙尘暴使人们遭受很多罪。strike my hometownsuffer a lot from句式升级5.用because 引导原因状语从句连接句1和2。Because people in my hometown have been cutting down trees and digging up grass in order to build houses and plant more crops,land gradually becomes desert.6.用非限制性定
36、语从句合并句3和4。Sandstorms often strike my hometown,from which people suffer a lot.【完美成篇】Im a student from Xinhua middle school.Im writing to express my views concerning the environment in my hometown.My hometown used to be a beautiful place.Thick forests and green grass could be seen everywhere.However,n
37、owadays,because people in my hometown have been cutting down trees and digging up grass in order to build houses and plant more crops,land gradually becomes desert.Sandstorms often strike my hometown,from which people suffer a lot.To prevent the process of desertification,I hope all the people take
38、good care of the forests and plant more trees instead of cutting them down.Then our living conditions will soon be improved.【话题拓展】1.话题特点 保护环境、保护濒危野生动植物是高考常见话题,以此为话题的多为新闻报道。主要内容一般有现在环境或野生动植物的现状、出现这种现状的原因,以及提出改进的措施。2.话题词汇(1)全球的关注global concern(2)越来越糟get worse and worse/get from bad to worse/get more a
39、nd more serious(3)环境的破坏the destruction of our environment(4)改善环境刻不容缓Its high time that we did sth.to improve the environment(5)提高的意识raise awareness that/of sth.(6)承担保护环境的责任bear the responsibility to protect our environment(7)呼吁某人做某事call on/call for/appeal to sb.to do sth.(8)时间不等人the clock is ticking
40、(9)努力做某事make all efforts/make ones utmost effort/go all out/try all means to do sth.(10)采取行动/措施去take action/take measures to do3.话题句式(1)To cherish the environment is to love ourselves.爱护环境就是爱护我们自己。(2)I make an urgent appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.我急切呼吁应该采取措施改变现状。(3)
41、We are sure that well win the battle.我们坚信我们能赢得战斗。(4)Keep our mountains green,the water clean,and the sky blue.使我们山更绿,水更清,天更蓝。(5)Our earths days are numbered without urgent help.若没有及时的帮助我们的地球的日子就屈指可数了。(6)(Sth.)are bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blink eye to them.如果我们继续睁一只眼
42、闭一只眼的话,一定会有恶劣的后果。(7)Environmental protection has caused global concern recently.近来环保已经引起了全球的关注。(8)Its high time we took immediate measures to protect our earth from being polluted.我们应该马上采取措施来保护我们的环境免受污染。(9)Everybody should raise the awareness that its our duty to protect our mother earth.每个人都应该提高保护地
43、球的意识。(10)You cannot difficultly see that everybody actually is causing damage to the mother earth,which,however,they may not be realizing.你不难发现每个人都在伤害地球,然而他们可能自己都没有意识到这一点。课时素养评价二 Unit 1Grammar and usage&Integrated skills【语用训练】.单词拼写1.The commission is calling for a _(全球的)ban on whaling.2.I built it b
44、y hand and also added a _(暖房)to the front of it.3.Last summer,I took a course on how to deal with poisonous _(气体).4.Theres _(绝对的)nothing more the doctors can do.5.His public _(形象)is very different from the real person.globalgreenhousegasesabsolutelyimage6.You can _(追踪)down and compare data while dea
45、ling with different problems.7.It is lucky we booked a room,or we would have _(无处)to stay now.8.Animals can become endangered for a number of reasons,but many experts believe that loss of _(栖息地)is the main cause.tracknowherehabitat.选词填空call for,spring to mind,take action,what if,willing to,come up w
46、ith,for fun1.Integrity and honesty are words that _when talking of the man.2.Several of the members have _suggestions of their own.3.Julia _policy makers to increase the number of protected areas.4._we invited them to come here for a party instead?5.He is _help others,so everyone here is familiar wi
47、th him.spring to mindcome up withcalled forWhat ifwilling to6.As long as there is the possibility of saving our planet,_now before it is too late.7.He does not just write _;writing is his bread and butter.take actionfor fun.完成句子1.Will you be free this Sunday?_,lets go camping!这个周末你有空吗?如果有,我们去野营吧!2.W
48、hen _(visit)another country,you should be aware of those differences and respect them.当你参观另外一个国家的时候,你应该意识到这些差异并尊敬这些差异。3.I dont like the way _.我不喜欢你做事的方式。4.He gave his advice that _.他给出建议说,我们应坐公交车去。If sovisiting(that/in which)you behavewe(should)go by bus5._,the better results you will get in the exa
49、mination.你越放松,考试的成绩会越好。6._,I have no time to chat with you.有这么多书要读,我没有时间跟你闲聊。The less you worryWith so many books to read【主题阅读】.阅读理解(2020北京高一检测)Elephant Transit Home In both Africa and Asia elephants are being threatened by changes in their natural habitats.People are moving into the elephants habit
50、ats and endangering their survival.In the country of Sri Lanka,there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected.It is called the Elephant Transit Home(ETH).Set up in 1995,the ETH aims to protect and nurture baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mot
51、hers in the wild.Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help.As many as possible are brought to the ETH.There they are given food,shelter,and medical care.Most importantly,they are given the chance to be with other elephants and become part of a herd(象群).A day at the ETH begins early i
52、n the morning when the baby elephants are given their first feeding of milk.During the day,each baby will drink an average of 13 gallons of milk.Older elephants are fed mostly coconut leaves and other native plants.Then the elephants are allowed to walk around,eating thegrass and forming a herd.The
53、cost of caring for the baby elephants is high.The ETH spends about$125,000 each year on powdered milk for the baby elephants.At the ETH,workers try to reduce human connection with the elephants.They also try to increase bonds(联系)between the elephants.It usually takes three years for a baby elephant
54、to be set free into its natural habitat.The elephants are sent back to the wild together with other orphans with whom they have bonded.This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.The ETH is considered one of the be
55、st animal protection sites in the world.Not only are the elephants cared for,they are treated with respect.Most importantly,they go back to live in the wild,where they belong.【文本大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个名为“大象中转之家(ETH)”的组织,旨在保护和培育那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象。介绍了项目对小象的照顾过程等情况。1.What does the underlined word“nurture”in Pa
56、ragraph 2 mean?A.Set free.B.Care for.C.Focus on.D.Relate to.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据下文baby elephants that are found injured or living without their mothers in the wild.可知那些在野外受伤或失去母亲的小象需要ETH组织的保护和照顾,所以画线单词意思为“照顾”。故选B。2.What do we know about the ETH?A.It receives about$125,000 each year.B.It is the largest an
57、imal protection site.C.It helps to keep baby elephants safe.D.It changes elephants habitats for the better.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中Every year about 30 baby elephants in Sri Lanka need help.As many as possible are brought to the ETH.There they are given food,shelter,and medical care.可知ETH有助于保护小象的安全。故选C。3.
58、The workers reduce human connection with the elephants to_.A.provide them with more living spaceB.train them to stay away from huntersC.help them make it in the wild as a herdD.study them better in a natural environment【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段This program helps them return to the wild as members of a herd
59、 that will communicate with each other and take care of each other.可知工作人员减少了与大象之间的联系是为了“帮助它们作为一个群体在野外生存”。故选C。4.Whats the purpose of the passage?A.To show the ways of wildlife protection.B.To explain the threat baby elephants face.C.To introduce an animal protection project.D.To persuade the readers
60、to protect elephants.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段中In the country of Sri Lanka,there is one place where elephants are not only protected but also respected.It is called the Elephant Transit Home(ETH).可知这篇文章的目的是介绍一个动物保护项目。故选C。.完形填空Last week I met a homeless man over the phone when I was calling Father Bennos,a
61、soup kitchen(贫民救济处).I invited him to have lunch with me at the Soup Plantation so that he could eat as much as he wanted to fill his stomach,I felt1inside made me invite him to lunch.Since he did not have a2,I offered to pick him up.We had a3four-hour lunch.I learned a lot about his struggle but mor
62、e importantly,I left lunch feeling4for a roof over my head,warm shower,comfortable bed,and food on the tableall of which we may not5twice about.He,too,6the connection,his lunch,and a rest from spending his afternoon on the streets.I learned long ago that one person alone cannot7the homeless epidemic
63、(泛滥)in California or the U.S.However,each person can make an effort to8the homeless in their own way.Did you know that 40%of the U.S.population get salary that barely cover the9living expense?Should a financial emergency or burden occur,any one of those 40%can end up10on the streets.For this holiday
64、 season,perhaps you may want to11something new to help the homeless.Buy a meal for the person asking for money instead of giving him spare12.If you can make the time and find courage,invite them to13a meal with you.Jesse Jackson once said,“Never look down on anybodyunless you are helping them up,”an
65、d Rumi14us,“When we practice loving15and sympathy,we are the first one to profit.”【文章大意】本篇是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己邀请无家可归的人吃午餐的经历,告诉读者,虽然只靠一个人不能解决问题,但是一个人可以为解决问题贡献自己的力量。1.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing【解析】选C。作者觉得在内心有某种东西在促使作者邀请无家可归者吃饭。故选C。2.A.tableB.bedC.roofD.car【解析】选 D。根据下文I offered to pick him
66、up可知,无家可归者没有车,所以我主动提出开车去接他。故选 D。3.A.wonderfulB.terribleC.regularD.free【解析】选A。根据下文的four-hour lunch可知,这顿午饭作者感觉特别好(wonderful),故选A。4.A.convenientB.gratefulC.responsibleD.thirsty【解析】选B。与无家可归的人相比,作者有自己的屋子,可以洗上热水澡、睡上舒服的床、享用桌子上的食物。作者对此很感恩(grateful)。故选B。5.A.thinkB.talkC.argueD.worry【解析】选A。文章中提到的a roof over m
67、y head,warm shower,comfortable bed,and food on the table 对作者而言,都是极其平常的东西,不需要反复思考(think twice)。故选A。6.A.sawB.establishedC.enjoyedD.regretted【解析】选C。无家可归者也很享受这种交流,享受他的这顿午餐,以及在街上度过的午后的休息时间。故选C。7.A.solveB.causeC.considerD.tolerate【解析】选A。根据下文each person can make an effort to _the homeless in their own way.
68、可知,一个人不能解决(solve)无家可归者泛滥的问题。故选A。8.A.understandB.release C.avoidD.help【解析】选D。根据下文For this holiday season,perhaps you may want to _something new to help the homeless.中的help可知,“每个人都可以以自己的方式去帮助无家可归的人”。故选D。9.A.vastB.highC.basicD.extra【解析】选 C。barely cover说明经济不宽裕,就只能支付基本(basic)生活。故选 C。10.A.fearlessB.carele
69、ssC.homelessD.useless【解析】选C。根据上文 the homeless epidemic in California or the U.S.可知,如果财政危机或负担出现,其中40%的人会无家可归,流落街头。故选C。11.A.buyB.tryC.refuseD.notice【解析】选B。根据下文Buy a meal for the person asking for money instead of giving him spare_.If you can make the time and find courage,invite them to_a meal with yo
70、u.可知,这些都是尝试(try)帮助无家可归者的不同办法。故选B。12.A.mealB.roomC.timeD.change【解析】选D。与前文的asking for money相照应,“为要钱的人买一顿饭,而不是给他零钱。”故change(零钱)符合语境。故选D。13.A.cookB.shareC.treatD.provide【解析】选B。如果你有时间,鼓起勇气,邀请他们跟你共享一顿饭。邀请他一起吃饭,是分享(share)。故选B。14.A.persuadesB.requestsC.remindsD.warns【解析】选 C。Rumi提醒我们,当我们践行爱、善意和同情的时候,我们是第一个受益
71、者。故选C。15.A.appreciationB.honesty C.approvalD.kindness【解析】选 D。请无家可归者吃饭,是对无家可归者展现善意(kindness)。故选 D。.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sandstorms are strong,dry winds that carry sand.They are often 1._ thick that you cannot see the sun and the wind sometimes has such 2._(strong)to move sand dunes.A t
72、ypical example of sandstorms is the Dust Bowl of the 1930s in the United States.It was the 3.(bad)sandstorm disaster in the history of the United States.For nearly ten years dust blew on the southern plains of America,4._caused serious results.People couldnt breathe when they went outside and 5._(ch
73、ild)wore dust masks to school.The sky 6._(be)often dark for days.Over five million acres of landbecame desert during the Dust Bowl,7.(force)200,000 people to leave their homes.The disaster 8._(cause)by bad farming methods and several years 9._very little rainfall made things worse.The land dried up
74、and the wind blew the soil away.10.took over thirty years to reverse the process and replant the land.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述美国历史上最严重的沙尘暴灾害及造成的恶劣后果。1.【解析】so。考查固定句型。so.that.如此以至于,引导结果状语从句,符合句意。故填so。2.【解析】strength。考查名词。have后缺少名词作宾语,应把strong变为名词。故填strength。3.【解析】worst。考查形容词最高级。根据前一句沙尘暴的一个典型例子是美国20世纪30年代的沙尘
75、暴,可推断是最严重的一次,应把bad变为最高级形式。故填worst。4.【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。空中应指代前一个句子,并在本句中作主语,因此缺少非限制性定语从句的连接代词。故填which。5.【解析】children。考查名词复数。child为可数名词,故应变为复数形式。故填children。6.【解析】was。考查动词时态。描述的是当时最严重的一次沙尘暴期间的景象,应用一般过去时。故填was。7.【解析】forcing。考查非谓语动词。force在这里作结果状语,同主语构成主动关系,应该用现在分词。故填forcing。8.【解析】was caused。考查动词时态和语态。描
76、述的是沙尘暴发生期间,时态为一般过去时,disaster和cause之间是被动的关系。故填was caused。9.【解析】with。考查介词。这里with表示“带有,具有”,符合句意。故填with。10.【解析】It。考查固定句型。It takes some time to do.花费多少时间去做某事为固定句型。故填It。.应用文写作每年的2月2日是世界湿地日(World Wetlands Day)。假如你是李华,你的美国网友Mike是一位保护湿地的志愿者,他来信向你询问你们国家保护湿地的方法,请你根据以下提示给他回信:1.简要介绍世界湿地日;2.阐述保护湿地的方法(如建立湿地保护区、保护生
77、物多样性等)。注意:1.词数80个左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:偷猎 poach,生物多样性 biodiversity。【参考范文】Dear Mike,Im so glad to receive your letter asking about what we usually do to protect the wetlands in our country.As you know,World Wetlands Day falls on February 2nd each year,and it is to raise peoples awareness of prote
78、cting wetlands and the earth.In our country many wetland reserves have been established to protect not only the present natural wetlands but the biodiversity there.Any poaching is absolutely forbidden in the reserves.Water sources are important to wetlands,so to prevent water from being polluted is our duty.Whats more,the localpeople have been actively guided to participate in wetland management and protection.I believe if everyone is devoted to protecting the wetlands,the wetlands can be well preserved and we can enjoy a more harmonious environment.Yours,Li Hua
