1、Unit 4 Adversity and CouragePeriod 3Learning About Language语法精析课语法精讲透析现在完成进行时【体验悟】阅读下面课文原句,分析句子时态1.An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackletonthis is the adventure that I have been dreaming of.2.We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive,but spring is
2、coming,and the ice will soon begin to melt.3.We have been struggling for days,but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse.【生成得】1.以上句子的黑体部分都用到了现在完成进行时态,该时态的构成形式为_。2.表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作的是_句。表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作的句子是_句。has/have been doing12、3【研学析】现在完成进行时是英语中的一种基本时态,其构成为“主语+助动词(have/has)+been
3、+动词的现在分词+其他成分”。表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。一、基本结构:have/has been doing*He is ill.Hes been lying in bed for three weeks.他病了,已经卧床三个星期了。*Your eyes are red.Have you been crying?你的眼睛红了。你刚刚哭过了吗?【内化用】用所给词的适当形式填空。Tom _(work)in the library every night over the last three months.Hello,Tom.I _(look
4、)for you all morning.Where have you been?All these years they _(contribute)articles to our magazine.They _(marry)for almost 15 years.The little boy is dirty all over because he _(play)in the mud all the morning.has been workinghave been lookinghave been contributinghave been marriedhas been playing二
5、、现在完成进行时的用法基本含义:1.表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作,如:*We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束)我们一直等了你半个小时。2.表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作,如:*The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.(动作还将继续下去)中国有两千年的造纸历史。3.表示一个从过去开始延续到现在,可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内,重复发生的动作,通常表示关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等感情色彩。*She has been playing tennis
6、since she was eight.(惊异)她从八岁开始打网球。*You have been coughing a lot lately.(关切)近来你一直咳嗽。*Too much has been happening today.(感慨)今天真是个多事的日子啊。*He has always been studying hard.(赞许)他学习一直很刻苦。4.常与现在完成进行时连用的时间状语:all day,all this morning,all these years,for+时间段。*She is very tired,because she has been doing some
7、cleaning all day.她很累,因为她整天都在打扫卫生。*(2020全国卷)Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him,but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.很难确切说出有多少人同意他的观点,但研究表明,这一数字一段时间以来一直在上升。【内化用】(1)选出下列句子中现在完成进行时表达的含义a.感情色彩 b.表示动作刚刚结束c.表示动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到现在d.表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作My cl
8、othes are all wet.Ive been working in the rain.()Time has been flying so quickly!()Youve been saying that for five years.()She has been reciting the words all the morning.()badc(2)用所给词的适当形式填空。I _(read)Hemingways Farewell to Arms recently.I _(meet)her at the library.I believe that I will meet her aga
9、in today.(3)完成句子。I _English since three years ago.三年以来我一直在学习英语。He _all the time.他一直盼望着有辆新车。have been readinghave been meetinghave been learninghas been hoping for a new car三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别时态基本语法功能动作的反复感情色彩现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性可表示动作的反复可表示强烈的感情色彩现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响或产生的结果不表示动作的反复一般平铺直叙,不含有感情色彩【点拨迷津】有些动词不能用于现在完
10、成进行时,但可用于现在完成时,这些动词为:状态动词:be,have,exist.情感动词:like,love,hate.感觉动词:see,hear,know,feel,sound.短暂性动词:finish,marry,get up,come,go.*I have known him for years.我认识他已经好几年了。*They have finished the work.他们已经完成了这份工作。【内化用】1.翻译句子。他一直在写信。_ 他写了一封信。_我一直等了你两个小时。_ 我等你两个小时了。_ He has been writing a letter.He has written
11、 a letter.I have been waiting for you for two hours.I have waited for you for two hours.2.用所给词的适当形式填空。There _(exist)an old temple since the Ming Dynasty._(teach)English for almost twenty years,and I will step in another new teaching year.He _(not feel)himself since yesterday.has existedI have been t
12、eachinghasnt felt根据汉语提示,完成句子。The manager _the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改善这一方案。It is reported that the project _.据报道工程已经完成了。has been tellinghas been completed【常温故勤总结】掌握现在完成进行时应注意的三点:1.现在完成进行时表示动作的持续进行,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去。2.现在完成进行时表示关切、惊讶、愤怒、赞许等感情色彩。3.牢记常与现在完成进行时
13、态搭配的时间状语 all day,all this morning,all these years,for+一段时间等。.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Tom _(work)hard since the new term began.2.She ought to stop work;she has a headache because she _(read)all day long.3.Since I won the prize,my phone has never stopped ringing.People _(phone)to ask how I will spend the money.4
14、.He _(work)in this school since he graduated from university.课时素养达标has been workinghas been readinghave beenphoninghas been working5.We _(work)on this project for four hours.Lets have a rest.6.It is the third time that you _(come)to our school.7.So far Peter _(not ring)back.Shall we make a phone cal
15、l to him again?8.They have been discussing the problem for two hours,but they _(not reach)any result yet.have been workinghave comehasnt runghave not reached.完成句子1.We _the classroom all the afternoon.我们一整个下午一直在打扫教室。2.She _like that.她一贯是那样工作的。3.Ive _for two hours,but I havent finished it.这本书我已经读了两个小时
16、了,但我还没读完。have been cleaninghas always been workingbeen reading this book4.They _the matter several times this year.他们今年已经多次讨论那件事了。5.My father _Beijing,and hell be back this week.我的父亲去北京了,这个星期回来。6.He _for three years.他参军三年了。have been discussinghas gone tohas been in the army7.Sorry!Im late.How long _
17、you _for me?对不起!我来迟了。你等了我多长时间?8.He _from China for three years.他离开中国三年了。havebeen waitinghas been away.语法填空Jay Chou was born in a small town in Taiwan 1._ January 18,1979.He grew up in a single-parent family.Jay has always been shy 2._ quiet,even as a child.He did not do well in school,and his mother
18、 often worried about his future.As a small child,he 3._(show)a special sensitivity towards music.His mother enrolled Jay in piano lessons when he was three years old.Jay practiced piano beautifully,and by the time he 4._(reach)high school,he could improvise(即兴创作)many songs.Jacky Wu discovered that J
19、ay had a musical talent after seeing his composition in a competition.Jacky hired Jay to compose songs for various artists.Shortly after,Jay moved into a studio in Alfa music to create songs for various pop singers,5._(combine)Chinese and Western music styles to produce songs.It wasnt until years la
20、ter 6._ Jay himself became a singer.Jay Chou released his first album in 2000.Since then he 7._(release)albums,and his music has gained 8._(recognize)throughout Asia.His popularity sky-rocketed and he 9._(receive)many awards for his songs.Jay changed the Asian music industry with his soulful lyrics(
21、歌词)and his melodies(曲调).As his fan,I 10._(enjoy)the music interpreted by him.What else Jay has in store for us is still to be seen.【语篇概述】本文介绍了歌手周杰伦的音乐之路以及他取得的成就。1.【解析】on。在具体的某一天常用介词on。2.【解析】and。并列连词and连接两个形容词“shy”和“quiet”。3.【解析】showed。根据As a small child可知应用一般过去时。4.【解析】reached。根据下文could improvise可知应填reached。5.【解析】combining。现在分词combining在句中作状语,主语Jay与它之间为主动关系。6.【解析】that。It was.that.为强调句式。7.【解析】has been releasing。Since then作状语,句子要用完成时,又根据句意可知此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时。8.【解析】recognition。作gained的宾语,要用名词形式。9.【解析】has received。根据语境和句子结构可知,此处应用现在完成时。10.【解析】have been enjoying。此处表示作为他的粉丝,“我”一直喜欢他的音乐。
