1、第七讲记叙文阅读理解Step1 典题感悟高考名题这样考 (2019全国卷)“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球) club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or s
2、ocial anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on. At this point the unwill
3、ing parent speaks up，“Alright. Yes, Ill do it.” Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for endofseason gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same pare
4、nt ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still, most of us voluntee
5、rs breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so go
6、od.In that sense, Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了作者成功说服了一个家长参加志愿者团队，作为一名志愿者作者发挥了自己的作用，并获得了快乐。1What can we infer
7、about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?AShe knows little about the club.BShe isnt good at sports.CShe just doesnt want to volunteer.DShes unable to meet her schedule.解析推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知，你可以当我是最后的候选人，如果没有其他
8、的志愿者，那么我就做。由此可推断出，她不想做志愿者。故选C。答案C2What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in Paragraph 2 mean?AEncourage teamwork.BAppeal to feelings.CPromote good deeds.DProvide advice.解析词义猜测题。根据画线前一句She may just need a little persuading.和下面的一句话 I mention the single parent with four kids running th
9、e show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.可知，作者为了劝服这位家长，举了两个例子。故可知，画线句应是“煽情”之意。故选B。答案B3What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?AShe gets interested in lacrosse.BShe is proud of her kids.CShell work for another season.DShe becomes a good helper.解析细节理解题。根据
10、第三段中这位家长作出的贡献及 the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team可知，她最终成为了志愿者队伍中的重要的一员，也即是说，她成了一个好帮手。故选D。答案D4Why does the author like doing volunteer work?AIt gives her a sense of duty.BIt makes her very happy.CIt enables her to work hard.DIt brings her material rewards.解析细节理解题。题干问作者为
11、什么喜欢做志愿者工作。根据第四段最后两句Connecting to the community(社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知，为社区作贡献可以带来真正的快乐， 参加志愿者活动能让人感觉快乐。故选B。答案BStep2 文体分析解题方略须明了记叙文章抓三点，人物地点与时间。顺叙倒叙或插叙，事件经过须了然。叙人叙事为一理，情感更于字行间。细节题干精准匹，推理判断解疑难。一、阅读理解中记叙文的文体和结
12、构特点记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过人物、事件来进行提炼；文章大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线。二、阅读理解中记叙文的答题误区记叙文阅读理解题的易错点往往在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。解题时，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对时间和事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的
13、特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。三、阅读理解中记叙文的阅读策略在做记叙文的阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，弄清六要素和记叙的顺序，特别要注意文章中所提到的多个时间、地点和人物，理清事件的起因、经过和结果；然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息作出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。在答记叙文类的阅读理解题时，弄清事情的起因、经过和结果尤为重要，还要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系、句际之间的指代和同义词复现等。Step3 刷题训练练稳练准练速度A(2019阜蒙县第二高级中学期末)Growing
14、up in Philadelphia, Lieberman started cooking with his stayathome dad when he was seven. His foodloving family had two kitchens, and he quickly learned what was the best way to bake his cakes. Lieberman improved his kitchen skills greatly during a year abroad before college, learning from a cook in
15、Italy and studying local specialties(特色菜) in Germany, Spain, and France.At Yale, he was known for throwing dinner parties, singlehandedly frying and baking while mixing drinks for dozens of friends. Just for fun, he and some friends decided to tape a show named campus cuisine(菜肴) about his cooking.
16、Lieberman was a real college student showing his classmates how to do things like making drinks out of dininghall fruit. That helped the show become very popular among the students. They would stop Lieberman after classes to ask for his advice on cooking. Tapes of the show were passed around, with w
17、hich his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.Food Network producer Flay hopes the young cook will find a place on the network television. He says Liebermans charisma is key. “Food TV isnt about food anymore，”says Flay. “Its about your personality and finding a way to keep peo
18、ples eyeballs on your show.”But Lieberman isnt putting all his eggs in one basket. After taping the first season of the new show, Lieberman was back in his own small kitchen preparing sandwiches. An airline company was looking for someone to come up with a tasteful, inexpensive and easytomake menu t
19、o serve on its flights. Lieberman got the job.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在费城长大的Lieberman，在他七岁的时候就开始和他的全职爸爸一起做饭。他很快就学会了烤蛋糕的最佳方法。在大学毕业前的一年里，利伯曼大大提高了他的厨房技能，从意大利的厨师那里学习，并学习德国、西班牙和法国的当地特产。Lieberman组织和参加了多个活动：组织聚会、制作录像带、给同学解答烹饪问题等，他是个友好而活跃的人。1We can learn from the text that Liebermans family _.Ahave relatives in Europ
20、e Blove cooking at homeCoften hold parties Down a restaurant解析细节判断题。根据第一段“Lieberman started cooking with his stayathome dad when he was seven. His foodloving family had two kitchens”可以判断出他的家人喜欢在家里做饭。故选B。答案B2The Food Network got to know Lieberman _.Aat one of his paritiesBfrom his teachersCthrough hi
21、s taped showDon a television program解析细节推断题。根据第二段最后一句“Tapes of the show were passed around，with which his name went beyond the school and finally to the Food Network.”可以推断出Food Network是通过他表演的录像带知道Lieberman的。故选C。答案C3What does the underlined word “charisma” in the text refer to?AA natural ability to a
22、ttract others.BA way to show ones achievement.CLiebermans afterclass interest.DLiebermans fine cooking skill.解析词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Its about your personality and finding a way to keep peoples eyeballs on your show.”可知Food Network看中Lieberman的关键是他的魅力，可以推断出charisma是吸引别人的能力的意思。故选A。答案A4What can we learn about L
23、ieberman from the text?AHe is clever but lonely.BHe is friendly and active.CHe enjoys traveling around.DHe often changes his menus.解析推理判断题。根据第一段后半部分可知Lieberman组织和参加了多个活动：组织聚会、制作录像带、给同学解答烹饪问题等，可以推断出他是个友好而活跃的人。故选B。答案BB(2019辽河油田第二高级中学期末)I grew up in a big familyfive brothers, three sisters and Iwith ju
24、st enough of all the right part to make a childhood well remembered. It was a very strict upbringing.On the first day of my second grade, my father asked me if I could read well. “Yes, I can，”I said. So he gave me a handdraw map with street names and directions on how to walk to school. The school w
25、as three miles away, and I had never been there by myself.He handed me the map and my lunch box and said, “Dont stop and dont turn back.”I was standing, scared, but he kissed me goodbye and sent me out of the door. On my way to school, I couldnt help crying, but I continued to walk. I didnt know how
26、 long it would take me to get there, or how many fearful and anxious moments I would have, but I do remember forever how I felt when I came around the last corner, and saw my school.My heart was filled with relief and joy. I made it! I wished I could tell my father right then that I had made it. Whe
27、n I got home, he said to me, “Hi, did you have fun？”I murmured, “Yes，”and waited for him to ask what had happened, but he never did.Years later, I finally got the courage to ask him why he did that and why he didnt care about what had happened. He just looked at me for a few minutes and then said, “
28、I didnt have to ask you, because I knew. I followed you the whole way. I saw you jump up and down at the last street corner. I felt what you felt.”Then I understood and cried.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，作者的父亲在作者很小的时候就让作者独自一人上学，而且事后并不关心路上所发生的事情。多年以后作者质问父亲为什么要这样做，实际上父亲一直跟在作者的后面确保她的安全。有时候父母对孩子的爱并没有被孩子们注意到。5According
29、 to the passage, how many children does the authors father have?AFive. BThree.CEight. DNine.解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句I grew up in a big familyfive brothers, three sisters and I可知作者家里有5个兄弟，3个姐妹和作者自己，一共9个孩子。故D项正确。答案D6Which of the following statements is TRUE on the first day of the authors second grade?AThe au
30、thor asked her fathers permission to go to school on her own.BThe authors father gave the author lots of directions and guidance before he let her go to school alone.CThe author cried because she couldnt see her father and lost her way.DThe author felt relieved and joyful when she finally reached sc
31、hool by herself.解析细节理解题。根据第四段第一句My heart was filled with relief and joy.可知当作者到学校的时候，心里很欣慰。故D项正确。答案D7We can know from the passage that _.Athe author misunderstood her father at firstBthe author hates her father because he was too strict with herCthe authors father didnt care about the authors feeling
32、s at allDthe authors father regretted for what he had done to his daughter解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句Years later, I finally got the courage to ask him why he did that and why he didnt care about what had happened.可知多年以后作者鼓起勇气质问父亲为什么要那样做，为什么不关心所发生的事情。说明作者对父亲一直都有误解，认为他对自己太严格且缺少关心。故A项正确。答案A8What does the passage
33、 mainly want to tell us?ALiving in a big family is not good at all.BParents love for their children is often unnoticed.CChildren cannot grow up under parents protection.DWe should be brave enough to accept challenge at a young age.解析主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文，作者的父亲在作者很小的时候就让作者独自一人上学，而且事后并不关心路上所发生的事情，多年以后作者质问父亲为
34、什么要这样做，实际上父亲一直跟在作者的后面确保她的安全。有时候父母对孩子的爱并没有被孩子们注意到。故B项正确。答案B专题强化训练(二十三).阅读理解A(2019大连八中期末)Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.The legislation(立法), worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is ex
35、pected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law. A large part of their profit is earned on weekends.As of March 1, shops and markets are closed on two Sundays per month; in 2019 only one Sunday a month will be open for shopping; and starting in 2020,
36、 there will be no Sunday shopping with a few exceptions.Duda praised the law as giving children a chance to be with parents and giving shop workers some needed time off. He also said big traders will need to adjust their practices to the new system and asked them for “understanding”. But critics say
37、 some of them make employees work long hours for modest pay.“A family should be together on Sundays，”Olszewska said after buying some food at a local Biedronka, a large discount supermarket chain. She said that before she retired she served cold cuts in a grocery store, and was grateful she never ha
38、d to work on Sundays.There are some exceptions to the ban. For instance, gas stations, cafes, pharmacies and some other businesses are allowed to keep operating on Sundays.Anyone breaking the new rules faces a fine of up to 100,000 zlotys ($ 29,500), while repeat offenders may face a prison sentence
39、. Polish trade union appealed to people to report any violators to the National Labor Inspectorate, a state body.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是在波兰周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。1Who will get some loss from the bill according to the passage?AThe polish President Andrzej Duda.BSome large western supermarket chains.CAll the mar
40、kets in Poland.DSome common Polish families.解析推理判断题。根据第二段中The legislation(立法), worked out by the government and the Polish trade union, is expected to draw protests from large western supermarket chains that are the main target of the law.可知，根据这一法案，一些西方大型连锁超市将从法案中得到一些损失。故选B。答案B2What can we infer fro
41、m Paragraph 4?AChildren had no time to play with their parents before.BDuda paid great attention to the shop workers.CSome workers will work extra hours on weekdays.DAll the businesses will make adjustments to the bill.解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句But critics say some of them make employees work long hours for
42、modest pay.可知，一些工人在工作日会多工作几个小时。故选C。答案C3What is the main idea of the passage?AFamily life will be more important than shopping in Poland.BMore and more western supermarket chains will leave Poland.CThe supermarket employees will have no job on Sundays in Poland.DSunday shopping will be limited by the
43、 government in Poland.解析主旨大意题。根据第一段Polish President Andrzej Duda has signed a bill into law that largely limits trade on Sundays, saying it will benefit family life.可知，周日购物将受到波兰政府的限制。故选D。答案DB(2019新民市第一高级中学月考)When I came to Cincinnati as an au pair(家庭打工留学生), a lot of things there were different from
44、what I knew. My host family lived in a huge house I could only describe as a “castle”. In Germany I had lived in a small apartment together with my mom. Soon I found out that the “castle”was actually rather small in our neighborhood.Everybody there was very friendly and polite. They greeted you when
45、 they were walking by at least 3 feet away from you. They must not have seen a German au pair before, for most people I met asked me all kinds of questions about Germany. I enjoyed answering their various strange questions. I made a lot of friends and I started to hang out with them.Of course, there
46、 were a number of new things, and it took me the whole year to find them all out. I never got homesick. Perhaps it was because I did not have too many negative experiences and felt loved and welcomed there.However, I had undergone_ some painful experiences back in Germany. I was frustrated by the wa
47、y people would run me over and not even say “Sorry.”Taking up my studies at the TUDresden, I felt lonely. Everybody here seemed to be withdrawn(离群的) and I missed everything I had in Cincinnati. Germany was so “cold”. I found it so much harder to make new friends. After six months I got a roommate an
48、d only two good friends. I also flew back to Cincinnati several times for long periods. I felt that without those visits I was not able to make it.Now I am over this German culture shock. It almost took me an entire year. I am still going back and forward between Dresden and Cincinnati four times a
49、year.语篇解读：这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了一个德国女孩在美国辛辛那提市做家庭打工留学生的经历以及这种经历对她以后的生活产生的影响。4When the author lived in Cincinnati, _.Ashe lived in a real castleBsome people were not very kind to herCmany people were curious about her motherlandDshe lived in the biggest house in the neighborhood解析推理判断题。根据第二段第三句for most peop
50、le I met asked me all kinds of questions about Germany.(因为我遇到的多数人问我各种各样关于德国的问题。)可知，在辛辛那提人们对她的祖国德国充满好奇。故选C。答案C5In the opinion of the author, life in Cincinnati was _.Awonderful BhardCpainful Dstrange解析推理判断题。从文中第二段中的friendly，polite，enjoyed等词及第三段中的never got homesick等可推测，作者在Cincinnati的生活是很愉快的。故选A。答案A6Th
51、e underlined word “undergone”in Paragraph 4 probably means _.Awelcomed BacceptedCexpected Dsuffered解析词义猜测题。根据第四段的语境可知，作者回到德国后感觉不是很愉快，所以她“遭遇”了一段痛苦的经历。故选D。答案D7What is the best title for this passage?AUniversity life in GermanyBMy culture shock experiencesCAdvantages of living in USADHow to be an au pa
52、ir in USA解析标题归纳题。通读全文，可知本文主要讲述的是一个德国女孩在美国的辛辛那提市做家庭打工留学生后回到德国所经历的文化冲击，再结合最后一段提到culture shock，可知选B。答案B.七选五阅读填空(2019鄂尔多斯市第一中学期中)Good learners can inspire students or anybody to learn well. Here are some characteristics of good learners.Good learners are curious. They wonder about all sorts of things, o
53、ften about knowledge beyond their areas of expertise(专长). _1_ Finding out about something they didnt know satisfies them for the moment, but their curiosity is addictive.Good learners dont give up easily. A few things may come easily to learners but most knowledge arrives after effort. _2_ They try
54、to search out new information. They read, analyze, and evaluate the information theyve found. Then they study more and work at what they dont understand.Good learners know that a lot of learning isnt fun. The journey to understanding generally isnt all that exciting. _3_ Others need a tiresome atten
55、tion to detail, and still others need periods of intense mental focus. Your backs hurt, your arms and legs get tired, and your coffee gets cold.4_ Theres always more to know. Good learners are never satisfied with how much they know about anything. They are pulled around by questionsthe ones they st
56、ill cant answer, or the ones without very good answers. Those questions follow them like day follows night with the answers bringing daylight.Good learners share what theyve learned. Good learners are teachers committed to sharing with others what theyve learned. _5_ Good learners can also explain w
57、hat they know in ways that make sense to others. They are connected to the knowledge passed on to them and committed to leaving what theyve learned with others.ASome learning tasks require boring repetition.BGood learners are willing to put in the time.CSome knowledge can broaden our views.DGood lea
58、rners stay positive.EThey write about it, and talk about it.FThey love the discovery part of learning.GGood learners never run out of questions.语篇解读：文章主要讲了一名好的学习者应该具有的一些特点。1解析根据后文Finding out about something they didnt know satisfies them for the moment, but their curiosity is addictive.可知，这里提到了好的学习者
59、对未知的事物充满好奇，故选F。答案F2解析根据上文A few things may come easily to learners but most knowledge arrives after effort.可知，这里提到了许多知识在努力之后，才能获得，(好的学习者愿意投入时间，)故选B。答案B3解析根据前文的Good learners know that a lot of learning isnt fun. The journey to understanding generally isnt all that exciting.这里提到好的学习者明白学习不总是充满乐趣，(一些学习任务
60、需要枯燥地重复，)故选A。答案A4解析根据后文Theres always more to know. Good learners are never satisfied with how much they know about anything. They are pulled around by questions可知，这里提到了一名好的学习者总是想要了解更多，会提出更多的问题，(好的学习者没有问完问题的时候，)故选G。答案G5解析根据前文Good learners are teachers committed to sharing with others what theyve lear
61、ned.可知，这里提到了好的学习者会分享他们学到的知识，(他们会把它写下来，然后谈论它，)故选E。答案E.短文改错(2019集宁一中期末)It is reported that many people died in traffic accidents every year. Road safety has aroused the wide attentions of the public. Many rules have made to reduce the traffic crashes, especially the one related to the passersby. In my
62、 opinion, we should take road safety serious in our daily life. While traveled to work, we should walk on the pavement and learn to protect ourselves. In addition to, car drivers should obey the traffic rules, that is both good for themselves and others.In the word, obeying the traffic rules are wha
63、t all of us should pay attention to particularly. After all, life is not a small matter.答案It is reported that many people in traffic accidents every year. Road safety has aroused the wide of the public. Many rules have made to reduce the traffic crashes, especially the related to the passersby. In m
64、y opinion, we should take road safety in our daily life. While to work, we should walk on the pavement and learn to protect ourselves. In addition , car drivers should obey the traffic rules, is both good for themselves and others.In word, obeying the traffic rules what all of us should pay attention to particularly. After all, life is not a small matter.
