1、Unit 3Under the sea海下景观Using Languagezxxkw学科网学.科.网.重点单词1.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词及其拓展形式。(1)neat(adj.)好的；整齐的；匀称的_(adv.)整齐地(2)narrow(adj.)狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的_(adv.)狭窄地，勉强地neatlynarrowly(3)_(adj.)锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的sharply(adv.)锋利地；严厉地；苛刻地(4)_(adj.)好吃的；可口的taste(v.)尝；尝出的味道(5)_(n.)养老金；退休金pensioner(n.)领取养老金者sharptastypension学科网2.把下
2、列单词与其英文释义搭配起来。(6)targeta.to consider,think on;(of a surface)throw back light,heat and sound(7)reflectb.of little depth,not deep(8)awarec.sth.to be aimed at in shooting practice(9)shallowd.a line that marks a limit;dividing line(10)boundary e.having knowledge or realization答案:(6)c (7)a (8)e (9)b (10)
3、d.重点短语(英汉互译)1._处于的危险中2._被困于3._醒来4._对知道、明白；意识到5.upside down_6.get close to_7.stop sb.from doing sth._8.(be)scared to death_be in danger ofbe trapped/caught inwake upbecome aware of上下翻转靠近阻止某人做某事吓死了1.target n.目标；靶；受批评的对象First,not only target fish are caught in the net,but many other sea animals are fou
4、nd hanging there.首先，不仅仅要捕的鱼被困在网内，许多别的海洋动物也被发现挂在网上。My suggestion became the target of criticism.我的建议成了批评的对象。zxxkw【拓展】(1)aim at the target瞄准目标hit/miss the target中脱靶(2)target vt.把当做批评对象；以为攻击目标；把对准target sth.onat把对准He missed the target somehow.不知怎么地他脱靶了。The missiles were mainly targeted at Iran.导弹主要瞄准的是
5、伊朗。【即学即练】完成句子我打了四发子弹，但没有射中靶心。I had four shots but I didnt even _.这种报纸专门面向年轻人。The paper _ young people.hit the targetis targeted specifically at2.reflect vi.思考vt.映射；反射；思考Her face was reflected in the mirror.她的脸映现在镜子中。The water reflected the sunlight.日光反射在水面上。【拓展】(1)reflect sb./sth.in sth.(指镜子等)映出某人物的
6、影像reflect sth.from sth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflect on/upon sth.思考某事(2)reflection n.反射；反照；反映；映像；沉思，深思be lost in reflection 陷入沉思中I reflected on possible reasons for my failure.我仔细思索导致我失败的可能的原因。She was lost in reflection on her future.她为自己的未来而陷入深思之中。【助记】三图巧解“reflect”reflect 思考reflect 反射reflect 反映【即学即练】完成句
7、子湖中映出的树影很美。The trees _ looked very beautiful.我经常思索我的未来。I often _.reflected in the lakereflect on my future3.aware adj.意识到的；知道的be/become aware of 对知道、明白；意识到The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colourssurrounding mepurples,reds,oranges,yellows,blues and greens.我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩紫色、红色、橘黄
8、、明黄、蓝色和绿色。He wasnt aware of the danger.他没有察觉到危险。【拓展】(1)be aware that/wh-从句知道，体会到make sb.aware that.提醒某人注意make sb.aware of.使某人注意到(2)awarenessn.知道，晓得Are you aware that you have hurt her feelings?你有没有察觉到你已经伤害她的感情了？There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍意识到吸烟有害健康。【即学即练】完成句子那时你察觉到危险了吗？_
9、 the risks at the time?她知道他已经结婚了。_he was married.Were you aware ofShe was aware that4.narrow adj.狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的The road was too narrow for cars to pass.路太窄，汽车过不去。【拓展】(1)a narrow escape 九死一生narrow victory/defeat/majority险胜/勉强击败/微弱多数(2)narrowly adv.狭窄地；勉强地The children have a narrow escape in the earthqua
10、ke.这些孩子们在地震中幸免于难。The car narrowly missed a cyclist.汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。【即学即练】完成句子在这次战争中我们险胜。We _in the war.我们要竭力缩小贫富之间的差距。We must try _between rich and poor.won a narrow victoryto narrow the gap5.sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的There were other creatures that I didnt want to get too close toan eel with its strong
11、sharp teeth，with only its head showing from a hole，watching for a tasty fish(or my tasty toe!)；and the giant clam half buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips.还有一些其他的动物，我不想太靠近它们一条带有坚固锋利牙齿的鳗鱼，只是把头从石洞里伸出来，望着可供美餐的鱼过来(或者在等着我美味的脚趾伸过去)；一个巨大的蛤蚌半掩在珊瑚礁中等着有什么东西游过来，游到
12、它那宽厚的绿嘴唇中去。It is dangerous for a child to play with a sharp knife.让孩子玩锋利的刀子是危险的。Its very sharp of you to see that.你能看到那一点，很有洞察力。【拓展】sharpen vt.磨快；使锐利sharpener n.磨具；卷笔刀sharply adv.锐利地；严厉地；苛刻地【助记】If your pencil isnt sharp,you need a pencil sharpenerto sharpen it.如果你的铅笔不够尖的话，你需要一个卷笔刀削一削它。【即学即练】用sharp,s
13、harply,sharpen填空Using a _ knife,cut away the peel from both fruits.Unemployment among the over forties has risen _ in recent years.I went to university to _ my mind.sharpsharplysharpen6.upside down 上下翻转Monkeys like to hang upside down from a tree.猴子喜欢倒挂在树上。【拓展】turn.upside down把弄得乱七八糟inside out 里外颠倒H
14、e wore the sweatshirt inside out.他当时把运动衫穿反了。Everything in the room was turned upside down.室内的一切都被弄得乱七八糟。【助记】【即学即练】完成句子把蛋糕翻过来,再抹上奶油。_and cover it with cream.我的生活被这场疾病弄得乱七八糟。My life _ by the disease.Turn the cake upside downhas been turned upside down7.scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓(be)scared to death吓死了I told mys
15、elf they werent dangerous but that didnt stop me from feeling scared to death for a moment！我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这样也不能抑制我那时怕得要死的恐惧心情！It scared me to think I was alone in the building.想到楼里只有我一个人，我害怕极了。【拓展】(1)scare away/off 把吓跑scare sb.into doing sth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事(2)scaring adj.令人害怕的；吓人的scared adj.受惊吓的；感到害怕的be
16、 scared of.(=be afraid of)遇到(某种事物或行为)而害怕be scared to do(=be afraid to do)不敢做They managed to scare the bears away.他们设法把熊吓跑了。Hes scared of heights.他有恐高症。【即学即练】完成句子当地商家迫于威胁，缴纳了保护费。Local business _ protection money.她害怕晚上一个人出去。She _at night.were scared into payingis scared of going out alone8.Im sitting
17、in the warm night air with a cold drink in my hand and reflecting on the daya day of pure magic!我坐在温暖的夜空下，手里拿着一瓶冷饮，回忆着当天的事情这真是神奇的一天！【分析】1)本句是个简单句。2)句中am sitting和 reflecting 是并列谓语。3)句中with a cold drink in my hand是with的复合结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随情况。Tom doesnt like to sleep with the window open.汤姆不喜欢开着窗户睡觉。【拓展】wi
18、th复合结构的构成:adj.adv.with+n.+prep.phrase to do doing doneDont stand with your hands in your pockets.站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。With nothing to do,he went out for a walk.由于没有什么事要做，他便到外边去散步。【名师点津】当分词作宾语补足语时，若分词与前面的宾语之间为主谓关系，用现在分词；若为动宾关系，用过去分词。With the problem settled,we went on smoothly.由于问题得到解决，我们进展顺利。With a local
19、guide leading the way,we got there easily.由当地向导领路，我们很容易到了那儿。【即学即练】仿写句子春天到了，树木变绿了。With spring coming on,trees turn green.这个男孩总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm.9.It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around everycorner as I explored small caves，shelves and narrow passage
20、s with my underwater flashlight:the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down，and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth；a yellow-spotted red sea-slug was sliding by a blue sea-star；a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it
21、.当我用水下探照灯在小石洞、岩石和狭窄通道之间探索时，似乎每个角落都有令我惊奇的东西等待着我:黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小的植物；带着黄斑点的红色海蛞蝓从一个蓝色的海星旁边滑行过去；一只长相聪慧的大乌龟紧贴着我的身旁而过，我可以摸着它了。【分析】1)本句为复合句。2)seemed后接表语从句there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner.3)as引导时间状语从句。4)冒号后面的内容是对surprise的解释说明，其中还有一个so.that引导的结果状语从句。5)现在分词短语waiting for
22、me around every corner作定语修饰surprise。6)It seemed(that)是常用句型，表示“好像”。It seems that they know what theyre doing.看来他们知道自己在干什么。【拓展】It seems as if.看起来好像There seems to be.好像有It always seemed as if they would get married.他们一直仿佛是要结婚似的。There seems to be a man in the dark.在黑暗处好像有一个人。【即学即练】仿写句子依我看，怀特先生不会再来了。It s
23、eems to me that Mr.White will not come again.10.Then there were two grey reef sharks，each about one and a half metres long，which suddenly appeared from behind some coral.【分析】1)本句是个复合句。2)句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰sharks。3)句中each about one and a half metres long为独立主格结构，在句中作定语，相当于定语从句each of which was about on
24、e and a half metres long。【拓展】独立主格结构在句中常作状语和定语。独立主格结构的常见形式:形容词副词名词代词+名词介词短语分词不定式Time permitting,well go to the park.时间允许的话，我们就去公园。Everything considered,I prefer the first plan.考虑到所有情况，我选择了第一个计划。The meeting over,they all went out of the meeting room.会议结束后，他们都走出了会议室。【即学即练】将上面句子翻译成汉语。然后,还有两条灰色的珊瑚鲨，每条大约有
25、1.5米长，突然从珊瑚礁后边游了出来。11.The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended,there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor.【分析】(there was a steeo drop to the sandy ocean floor).The water was quite shallow but(where the reef ended),1)并列连词地点状语从句第一个并列分句第二个并列分句主句2)句型where.,there be.表示“在有的地方，就有”。Where th
26、ere is water,there is life.有水就有生命。Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。【即学即练】将上面句子翻译成汉语水很浅，但到了珊瑚礁的尽头，就有一个陡坡，一直下降到满是沙子的海底。完形填空Once a beautiful diamond necklace of a king was lost.The king then offered a 1 of$50,000 for anybody who found it.One day a clerk was walking along a 2 next to an indus
27、trial area，which was completely polluted and smelly.Suddenly，he saw something 3 in the river and when he looked carefully，he saw the diamond necklace.He decided totry and catch it so that he could get the 4.He put his hand in the dirty river and grabbed at the necklace，but somehow 5 it.He then walke
28、d in the water and put his whole arm in.But strangely，he still missed it！He came out，feeling 6.Then again he saw the necklace，7 there.This time he dived into the river.He searched everywhere and yet he 8 .Just then an old man who was 9，saw him，and asked him what was the matter.The clerk didnt want t
29、o share the secret with him，so he 10 to tell him anything.But the old man could see the clerk was 11 and promised he would not tell anyone about it.The clerk then decided to put some 12 in the old man.He talked about the necklace and how he tried to catch it，but13 failing.The old man suggested that
30、perhaps he should try looking upward，toward the branches of the tree，instead of in the river.The clerk lookedup，and 14 enough，the necklace was hanging on a 15.He had been trying to get a reflection(倒影)of the real necklace all the time.Material happiness is just like the polluted river，because it is
31、a reflection of the true happiness in the spiritual world.1.A.competition B.noticeC.reward D.gift【解析】选C。国王的项链丢了，于是他就悬赏:任何找到这条项链的人就会得到五万美元的奖赏(reward)。2.A.playground B.beachC.street D.river【解析】选D。下文多处都有提示:这位办事员正沿着工业区附近的一条小河(river)走。3.A.waving B.swimmingC.shining D.moving【解析】选C。这是一条钻石项链，所以会闪闪发光(shining
32、)。4.A.money B.powerC.treasure D.pleasure【解析】选A。根据上文的reward可知，一旦他从河中捞出这条项链，他就可以得到这笔钱(money)。5.A.missed B.followedC.touched D.caught【解析】选A。从下文he still missed it可推知，他捞不着这条项链。miss本意为“错过”，在此意为“未得到，未捞到”。6.A.afraid B.happy C.guilty D.depressed【解析】选D。捞不到这条项链，就得不到奖赏，他自然很沮丧(depressed)。7.A.up B.right C.over D.
33、out【解析】选B。right在此作副词，意思是“正好、恰好”。句意:他又一次看见了项链，就在那里。8.A.waited B.left C.started D.failed【解析】选D。从下文情节可推知，他并没有捞到这条项链，故选D。9.A.coming back B.passing by C.getting up D.sitting down【解析】选B。此处指一位老人经过(pass by)这里。10.A.managed B.determinedC.refused D.offered【解析】选C。此处指当老人问他缘由时，他什么也没有说，故选refused。11.A.interested B.
34、surprisedC.scared D.troubled【解析】选D。老人看到这个人在污水里摸来摸去，显然他能够看出这位办事员有麻烦事(troubled)。12.A.happiness B.faithC.luck D.courage【解析】选B。下文提到这位办事员最终说出了实情，说明他信任了(faith)这位老人。13.A.forgot B.mindedC.kept D.enjoyed【解析】选C。此处指他连续(kept)几次都失败了。14.A.straight B.true C.far D.near【解析】选B。此处实际是it is true的省略说法，意思是“确实，真的，的确”。15.A.
35、branch B.house C.stick D.wire【解析】选A。根据上文的The old man suggested that perhaps he should try looking upward，toward the branches of the tree，instead of in the river.可知这条项链就挂在树枝(branch)上。投诉信本单元的写作要求是写一封投诉信。即在信中表达对某些人或事的不满。在日常生活中我们难免会产生不满情绪。因此要正确处理，学会“投诉”。投诉信与普通信件的不同在于:1.写作目的不同。投诉信主要针对未解决的问题提出投诉，强调自己的“不满”
36、。2.写作方式不同。投诉信的目的在于希望得到对方的帮助，所以在写作方式上它倾向于在客观说明的基础上运用请求性的文字，以达到写投诉信的目的。假设你是李华，非常喜欢网购。你在2012年6月5日从某网店买了十双鞋，一共花费299元。你6月11日收到了这些鞋，却发现五双粉红色的鞋很好，但五双蓝色的鞋有掉色的质量问题，根本没法穿。对此你很生气，要求该网店为你换一下，并承担运费；同时你还建议该网店提高产品质量。注意:1.只能用五句话表达全部内容。2.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总句数。3.参考词汇:质量问题quality issues;运费freight1.确定文体、时态、人称。(1)文体:投诉信。写投诉
37、信要语气坚定，要证明责任确实在商家；最后要明确问题出在哪儿及你的具体要求，还可说明由此给你带来的不便或伤害，以加强投诉的力量。(2)文体时态:主要使用一般过去时，兼用一般现在时态。(3)文体人称:第一人称2.明确投诉信的结构:(1)开头:自我介绍，交代投诉内容，表明目的和要求。(2)正文:说明情况，告诉对方你受到的伤害或不便，提出解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。(3)结尾:表达问题得到迅速、恰当解决的强烈愿望，希望尽快得到满意答复。1.词汇:共计_/_/_质量好_掉色_为我们更换_in allin total add up togood qualitylose colorchange.for
38、 us2.句式:一句多译。我一共花费299元。I paid 299 yuan for them in all.I spent 299 yuan on them in all.They cost me 299 yuan in all.有五双粉红色的鞋质量很好。Five pairs of pink shoes _.Five pairs of pink shoes _.我建议你们提高产品质量。I suggest _.I suggest _.are of good qualityare good in qualityyou improve the quality of your productsyou
39、r improving the quality of your productsDear Sir/Madam,I am Li Hua from Shandong and I like shopping online._ Looking forward to your reply.Best regards,Li HuaDear Sir/Madam,I am Li Hua from Shandong and I like shopping online.I bought ten pairs of shoes from your online shop on the fifth of June.I
40、spent 299 yuan on them in all.And I got all these shoes on the eleventh of June.Five pairs of pink shoes are of goodquality,while five pairs of blue shoes with quality issues,whichmade me annoyed,and we cant wear them at all.I would like you to change them for us,and should bear the freight,and Isuggest you improve the quality of your products.Looking forward to your reply.Best regards,Li Hua
