1、广东省华南师范大学附属中学2021届高三英语下学期5月综合测试（三模）试题（含解析）注意事项：1答卷前，请务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的班级、姓名和考号填写在答题卡和答卷上。2选择题在选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按要求作答的答案无效。4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小
2、题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere are as many different types of sleeper as there are animal varieties on the planet. There are dozers, dreamers, nappers and hardcore dead-to-the-worlders.DolphinsDolphins face a bit of a problem as they spend their whole lives in the water, bu
3、t as mammals they need to breathe oxygen to survive. How do they juggle this when unconscious? Dolphins shut down half of their brain, which rests, while the other half is alert and looking out for any potential dangers. As they do this, the dolphin will lie on the surface of the water in a behaviou
4、r known as “logging”.ElephantsElephants tend to nod off for a few minutes at a time throughout the day. Elephants only manage about two hours of sleep per day, and thats not even a concentrated block of shuteye. They tend to nod off for a few minutes at a time throughout the day. Possibly because of
5、 this, most of their sleeping is done standing up, with just the occasional recumbent sleep.SpidersOf course spiders have to be awkward. Even though animals sleep in a vast array of different ways, all of them, even bacteria, follow a 24 hour cycle, known as a circadian rhythm that is dictated by th
6、e rotation of the Earth. But scientists have discovered that certain types of orb-weaving spiders simply dont bother with this. Their body clocks follow a 17, 18 or 19 hour cycle. Scientists arent exactly sure how the spider can even exist with this completely different body clock. KoalasOne problem
7、 with trying to work out a creatures sleeping habits is the difficulty of identifying what is actual sleep. Its easier to study captive animals, but they can behave in a completely different manner to their cousins in the wild. Koalas studied in zoos were thought to sleep for up to 22 hours a day, b
8、ut a more detailed study, looking at animals in the wild too, revealed that they in fact sleep for around 14 hours a day plus a healthy amount of resting on top of that. Their diet of eucalyptus leaves takes a lot of time and energy to digest.FrogsFrogs are incredible. They have managed to master pr
9、actically every environment on the planet, no matter how hot or how cold. They not only use hibernation in winter as a sleep strategy, they also engage in something called estivation, where they reach a dormant state during the summer months to avoid overly hot or dry conditions. Despite all this kn
10、owledge, scientists arent sure exactly how frogs sleep during the months when they are active.1. Which animal sleeps the longest hours a day according to the passage?A. The dolphinB. The koala.C. The spider.D. The elephant.2. What is still confusing to scientists?A. How they can identify what is act
11、ual sleep.B. How dolphins breathe oxygen when sleeping.C. How spiders can survive a different body clock.D. How frogs sleep when they are not hibernating or estivating.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. Why animals sleep differently.B. What animals do while sleeping.C. The extraordinary ways tha
12、t animals sleep.D. The mystery about different types of sleeper.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海豚、大象、蜘蛛、考拉和青蛙这五种动物特别的睡眠方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Elephants tend to nod off for a few minutes at a time throughout the day. Elephants only manage about two hours of sleep per day, and thats not even
13、a concentrated block of shuteye.(大象一天中每次都会打盹几分钟。 大象每天只能睡大约两个小时，而且这还不是集中的睡眠时间)”；第四段中“Their body clocks follow a 17, 18 or 19 hour cycle. (他们的生物钟以17、18或19个小时为一个周期)”以及倒数第二段中“Koalas studied in zoos were thought to sleep for up to 22 hours a day, but a more detailed study, looking at animals in the wild
14、too, revealed that they in fact sleep for around 14 hours a day plus a healthy amount of resting on top of that.(动物园里被研究的考拉被认为一天睡多达22个小时，但一项更详细的研究也发现，在野外的动物中，考拉实际上一天睡大约14个小时，除此之外还有健康的休息时间)”可知，考拉每天睡的时间最长。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“They not only use hibernation in winter as a sleep strategy, they also en
15、gage in something called estivation, where they reach a dormant state during the summer months to avoid overly hot or dry conditions. Despite all this knowledge, scientists arent sure exactly how frogs sleep during the months when they are active.(它们不仅在冬天冬眠作为一种睡眠策略，它们还会进行所谓的夏眠，即在夏季达到休眠状态，以避免过度炎热或干燥的
16、环境。尽管知道这些，科学家们并不确定青蛙在它们活跃的那几个月里是如何睡觉的)”可知，科学家们仍然困惑的是青蛙在冬眠或夏眠时是如何睡觉的。故选D。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“There are as many different types of sleeper as there are animal varieties on the planet. There are dozers, dreamers, nappers and hardcore dead-to-the-worlders. (地球上有多少种动物，就有多少种不同类型的睡眠者。有打瞌睡的，有做梦的，有打盹的，还有睡到天荒地老
17、的)”结合文章主要介绍了海豚、大象、蜘蛛、考拉和青蛙这五种动物特别的睡眠方式。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是动物睡眠的不同寻常的方式。故选C。BWhen Thomas Panek lost his eyesight more than 25 years ago, the avid runner doubted he would ever pursue his lifelong passion again.Indeed, although Panek had been crazy about running since high school, the idea of running blind s
18、eemed altogether too challenging. But he did manage to keep his dream alivewith help from human guides who assisted him on each run.Even so, the real joy of the runthe thrill of independence that comes from conquering a course on your own termseluded(躲避) him. “When youre tied to another person, its
19、no longer your own race,” the 48-year-old said. “The independence isnt quite there.”Then Panek found a friendindeed, mans best friendwho would help him achieve that sense of purpose. He started running with a guide dog named Gus. Not only did Panek rediscover his love for running, but, along the way
20、, he founded Guiding Eyes for the Blind, an organization dedicated to providing service dogs for the visually disabled.On March 16, Gus glided across the finish line with his human at the New York City Half Marathon. At that moment, they both breezed into the history books. Panek, who finished the c
21、ourse in a little more than two hours and 20 minutes, became the first blind runner to complete the race led by dogs.Brandishing their respective medals Panek and Guswho would retire after the raceshared a breathless embrace. “Its a little emotional for me because hes been there with me the whole ti
22、me,” Panek said.But Panek was quick to point out that it wasnt just Gus who provided the wind beneath his running shoes. In all, three guide dogs helped him see his way to the finish line. Siblings Westley and Waffle picked up the early legs of the course, each running between five and eight kilomet
23、ers of the 21-kilometer race.With retirement looming, it would be the faithful yellow labs last race. But for Panek, the road ahead remains long and brightnot only for him, but for anyone with a disability who still hopes to run down a dream.4. When did Thomas become blind?A. When he was about 23.B.
24、 When he was 25 years old.C. When he was in high school.D. When he was 48 years old.5. Why did Panek get himself the guide dog Gus?A. Because he didnt want to have another person with him.B. Because he wanted to found Guiding Eyes for the Blind.C. Because he wanted to help those with visual disabili
25、ty.D. Because he wanted to enjoy the delight of running independently.6. What do we learn about the dog Gus from the passage?A. It was the first dog to lead a blind runner at the Half Marathon.B. It ran the whole course of the New York City Half Marathon.C. It ran about eight kilometers with Thomas
26、Panek at the race.D. It wouldnt be working as a guide dog to Thomas Panek any more.7. Which of the following best shows Thomass qualities as a runner?A. Independent and caring.B. Passionate and persistent.C. Crazy and emotional.D. Kind and helpful.【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了热爱跑步，2
27、5年前失明成为盲人的潘尼克，在导盲犬的帮助下依然坚持跑步，并且在纽约半程马拉松比赛中，用2小时20多分钟完成了赛程，成为第一位由导盲犬带领的赛跑者。他的故事给那些仍希望追逐梦想的残疾人带来了希望。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“ When youre tied to another person, its no longer your own race, the 48-year-old said.(“当你和另一个人拴在一起时，就不再是你自己的比赛了，”48岁的他说。)”可知，托马斯潘尼克现在48岁，而文章第一段内容“When Thomas Panek lost his eyesig
28、ht more than 25 years ago(当托马斯潘尼克25年前失去视力时)”提及失明是大约25年前发生的，由此可推知，“4825=23”，应是大约23岁时失明的。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Then Panek found a friendindeed, mans best friendwho would help him achieve that sense of purpose. He started running with a guide dog named Gus.(后来，潘尼克找到了一个朋友事实上，人类最好的朋友可以帮助他实现目标感。他开始和一
29、只叫格斯的导盲犬一起跑步。)”可知，他寻找导盲犬格斯是为了实现自己的目标感，而目标感应是文章第三段内容“Even so, the real joy of the runthe thrill of independence that comes from conquering a course on your own termseluded him.(即便如此，跑步的真正乐趣以自己的方式征服一项比赛所带来的独立的兴奋感是他无法体会的。)”提及的“以自己的方式征服一项比赛所带来的独立的兴奋感”。故选D项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第六段内容“Brandishing their respect
30、ive medals, Panek and Guswho would retire after the raceshared a breathless embrace.(帕内克和格斯挥舞着各自的奖牌，他将在比赛结束后退役，两个屏住呼吸拥抱在一起。)”可知，这次半程马拉松比赛结束后，格斯就要退役了，且文章最后一段内容提及“With retirement looming, it would be the faithful yellow labs last race.(随着退休的临近，这将是忠实的黄色拉布拉多的最后一场比赛。)”，该句中的“黄色拉布拉多”应是指格斯，由此可推知，它再也不能作为托马斯潘
31、尼克的导盲犬了。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“Indeed, although Panek had been crazy about running since high school, the idea of running blind seemed altogether too challenging. But he did manage to keep his dream alivewith help from human guides who assisted him on each run.(事实上，尽管潘尼克从高中开始就疯狂地跑步，但盲人跑步的想法似乎太有挑
32、战性了。但在人类向导的帮助下，他的梦想得以实现。)”可知，潘尼克对跑步充满热情，即使失明了，也没有放弃，而是在人类向导和导盲犬的帮助下去完成自己的追求，由此可推知，他是一个有热情而又坚持不懈的人。故选B项。CAn international team has identified two areas in China where the scale of carbon dioxide absorption by new forests has been underestimated. Taken together, these areas account for a little over 3
33、5% of Chinas entire land carbon “sink”, the group says.The two previously under-appreciated carbon sink areas are centred on Chinas southwest, in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi; and its northeast, particularly Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces.These provinces have established a pattern of rapid afforest
34、ation of progressively larger regions, with provincial forest areas increasing by between 0.04 million and 0.44 million hectares per year over the past 10 to 15 years.“Bold scientific statements must be supported by massive amounts of evidence and this is what we have done in this study.” Professor
35、Paul Palmer, a co-author from Edinburgh University told the BBC.“We have collected together a range of ground-based and satellite data-driven evidence to form a consistent and robust narrative about the Chinese carbon cycle.”Chinas increasing leafiness has been evident for some time. Billions of tre
36、es have been planted in recent decades to deal with desertification and soil loss, and to establish vibrant timber and paper industries.Data from NASA Earth satellites shows that human activity in China and India dominate this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. Satellit
37、e data (20002017) reveal a greening pattern that is strikingly remarkable in China and India and overlaps with croplands world-wide.China alone accounts for 25% of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6% of global vegetated area.8. According to the passage, which of the following is true
38、 about the two newly-identified areas?A. They are based on Southeast and Northwest China.B. Their forests have absorbed over 35% of Chinas carbon dioxide.C. They take up over one third of Chinas entire land carbon sink areas.D. Their forest areas have increased from 0.04 to 0.44 million hectares per
39、 year.9. China has planted more trees in recent decades in order to _.A. keep the soil fertileB. set up more factoriesC. turn the deserts into green landD. prevent useful land from changing into desert10. The passage is most probably taken from _.A. a science fictionB. a news websiteC. an academic r
40、eportD. a travelling brochure11. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage?A. Carbon Sink Areas in ChinaB. China Aims High in AfforestationC. China and India Lead the Way in GreeningD. Chinas Forest Carbon Absorption Underestimated【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了中
41、国一个国际团队在中国确定了两个新森林吸收二氧化碳的规模被低估的地区，介绍了这些地区的相关情况以及来自美国宇航局地球卫星的数据显示，由于植树和农业，中国和印度的人类活动主导了地球的绿化。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“An international team has identified two areas in China where the scale of carbon dioxide absorption by new forests has been underestimated. Taken together, these areas account for a little
42、over 35% of Chinas entire land carbon “sink”, the group says. (一个国际团队在中国确定了两个新森林吸收二氧化碳的规模被低估的地区。该组织称，这些地区加起来占中国全部土地碳汇面积的35%多一点)”可知，关于这两个新确定的地区的说法中，C选项“它们占中国陆地碳汇面积的三分之一以上”正确。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Billions of trees have been planted in recent decades, to deal with desertification and soil loss, and
43、to establish vibrant timber and paper industries. (近几十年来，中国种植了数十亿棵树，以应对荒漠化和水土流失，建立有活力的木材和造纸工业)”可知，近几十年来，为了防止有用的土地变成沙漠，中国种植了更多的树木。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了中国一个国际团队在中国确定了两个新森林吸收二氧化碳的规模被低估的地区，介绍了这些地区的相关情况以及来自美国宇航局地球卫星的数据显示，由于植树和农业，中国和印度的人类活动主导了地球的绿化。可推知，这篇文章最有可能摘自新闻网站。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“An interna
44、tional team has identified two areas in China where the scale of carbon dioxide absorption by new forests has been underestimated. Taken together, these areas account for a little over 35% of Chinas entire land carbon “sink”, the group says. (一个国际团队在中国确定了两个新森林吸收二氧化碳的规模被低估的地区。该组织称，这些地区加起来占中国全部土地碳汇面积的
45、35%多一点)”以及第二段“The two previously under-appreciated carbon sink areas are centred on Chinas southwest, in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi; and its northeast, particularly Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces.(这两个之前被低估的碳汇区主要集中在中国西南部的云南、贵州和广西；以及东北地区，特别是黑龙江省和吉林省)”结合文章主要说明了中国一个国际团队在中国确定了两个新森林吸收二氧化碳的规模被低估的地区，介绍了这
46、些地区的相关情况以及来自美国宇航局地球卫星的数据显示，由于植树和农业，中国和印度的人类活动主导了地球的绿化。可知，D选项“中国森林碳吸收被低估”最符合文章标题。故选D。DIn 2016, the worlds population cast aside 49 million tons of electronic waste, known as e-waste.It has been calculated that this number will grow to more than 60 million tons by 2021.What is causing the upsurge ( 激增
47、 ) in e-waste? Technology is becoming more and more widespread, covering almost every aspect of our lives. Meanwhile, the lifespan of devices is getting shorter-many products will be thrown away once their batteries die, to be replaced by new devices. Companies intentionally plan the obsolescence (
48、过时 ) of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models, so that now it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one. Since prices are falling, electronic devices are in demand around the world.As more people buy electronic eq
49、uipment, manufacturers ( 制造商 ) are beginning to face shortages of the raw materials needed to make their products, so recycling and reusing materials from discarded products and waste makes economic and environmental sense.Recycling e-waste is practiced both formally and informally. Proper or formal
50、 e-waste recycling usually involves taking apart the electronics, separating and sorting through the materials and cleaning them. Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health and environmental hazards of handling e-waste by using pollution-control technologies. All this makes for
51、mal recycling expensive. Informal recycling is typically unlicensed and uncontrolled. At informal recycling workshops, men and women recover valuable materials by burning devices to melt away non-valuable materials. Usually they do not wear protective equipment and lack any awareness that they are h
52、andling dangerous materials.With the amount of e-waste growing around the world, recycling alone will not be enough to solve the problem. In order to reduce e-waste, manufacturers need to design electronics that are safer, and more durable, repairable and recyclable. The best thing you can do is res
53、ist buying a new device until you really need it. Try to get your old product repaired if possible and, if it cant be fixed, resell or recycle it responsibly. Before you recycle your device, put any broken parts in separate containers and close these tightly to prevent chemicals from leaking. Wear l
54、atex gloves and a mask if youre handling something thats broken.12. How do companies contribute to the rapid growth of e-waste?A. They sell their new products at extremely low price.B. They plan a short lifespan for the batteries intentionally.C. They do not provide support for old model on purpose.
55、D. They update the design and software to cover every aspect of our lives.13. The underlined word “hazards” in paragraph 4 probably means _.A. harmB. problemsC. concernD. protection14. The passage is intended for _.A. manufacturersB. consumersC. managersD. salesmen15. The purpose of the article is _
56、.A. to call for everyone to play a part in reducing e-wasteB. to promote a style of living without electronic devicesC. to explain why manufacturers need to recycle e-wasteD. to appeal to the companies to sell less devices【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了全球电子垃圾激增原因，回收电子垃圾的方式，同时呼吁人们在减少
57、电子垃圾方面发挥重要的作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Companies intentionally plan the obsolescence ( 过时 ) of their goods by updating the design or software and discontinuing support for older models, so that now it is usually cheaper and easier to buy a new product than to repair an old one.” （企业有意通过更新设计或软件、停止支持旧款机型，来规
58、划自己产品的淘汰。因此，现在购买新产品通常比修理旧产品更便宜、更容易。）由此可知，企业他们故意不为旧型号提供支持来促进电子垃圾的快速增长。故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据“Companies must obey health and safety rules to reduce the health” （公司必须遵守健康和安全规则。）以及“by using pollution-control technologies.” （通过使用污染控制技术。）可知，公司必须遵守健康和安全规则，通过使用污染控制技术来减少处理电子垃圾对健康和环境的危害。所以划线词的意思是“危害”。故选A项。【14题详
59、解】推理判断题。根据第一段“It has been calculated that this number will grow to more than 60 million tons by 2021.”（据估计，到2021年，电子数字将超过6000万吨。）根据第三段“As more people buy electronic equipment”（ 随着越来越多的人购买电子设备。）根据最后一段“The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it. Try to get your ol
60、d product repaired if possible and, if it cant be fixed, resell or recycle it responsibly.” （你能做的最好的事情就是在真正需要之前不要购买新设备。如果可能的话，试着修理你的旧产品，如果不能修理，就负责地转售或回收。）由此判断出，消费者是减少电子垃圾的主要驱动力。故判断出，短文是写给消费者的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“The best thing you can do is resist buying a new device until you really need it. T
61、ry to get your old product repaired if possible and, if it cant be fixed, resell or recycle it responsibly. Before you recycle your device, put any broken parts in separate containers and close these tightly to prevent chemicals from leaking. Wear latex gloves and a mask if youre handling something
62、thats broken.” （你能做的最好的事情就是在真正需要之前不要购买新设备。如果可能的话，试着修理你的旧产品，如果不能修理，就负责地转售或回收。在你回收你的设备之前，把任何破碎的部件放在单独的容器里，并紧紧关闭这些容器，以防止化学品泄漏。如果你在处理破损的东西，请戴上乳胶手套和口罩。）由此判断出，这篇文章的目的是呼吁大家在减少电子垃圾方面发挥作用。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Making the Most of Life ExperiencesIf you ask an
63、yone what the purpose of life is, youll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer to this question is deeply personal because different things are important to us throughout the course of our lives. _16_. Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day.
64、Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.Follow your dreamsThe number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Passion will die without actions supporting them. _17_Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day is a step forward a
65、nd none of it is wasted.Make lots of mistakes_18_ Many of the strongest memories come from the times Ive failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is beneficial to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation._19_Difficult and painful experiences shape our
66、character, but can also weigh us down. These prevent us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy emotional state. If youre under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. _20_For me, life is about experiences. We all have to dream, work ha
67、rd, and fail before we can achieve success. Maybe well discover along the way that the journey is more important than the destination.A. Improve your personality.B. Take care of yourself.C. Making mistakes is the surest path to grow as a person.D. Its best to rest, recover, and slowly build back up
68、your strength.E. Though we try our best to make fewer mistakes, it is impossible to avoid them.F. Yet one thing stays with us no matter where we go our experiences.G. Though we cant choose the outcome of our actions, we can choose to keep pursuing.【答案】16. F 17. G 18. C 19. B 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主
69、要介绍了一些让自己的经历变得有意义的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“If you ask anyone what the purpose of life is, youll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer to this question is deeply personal because different things are important to us throughout the course of our lives.(如果你问任何人生活的目的是什么，你可能会得到截然不同的回答。这个问题的答案因人而异，因
70、为在我们的一生中，不同的事情对我们很重要)”以及后文“Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day. Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.(找到充分利用我们的经历的方法是我们每天面临的挑战。 以下是一些让你的经历变得有意义的方法)”可知，后文提到了充分利用我们的经历，可推测本句旨在说明对我们很重要的事情就是我们的经历，F选项中experiences对应后文中experiences。故F选项“然而，无论我们
71、走到哪里，有一件事始终伴随着我们我们的经历”符合语境，与上文构成明显的转折关系。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“The number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Passion will die without actions supporting them.(没有遗憾的生活方式之一就是追随你的梦想。没有行动的支持，激情就会消失)”以及后文“Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day
72、 is a step forward and none of it is wasted.(每天采取行动，不管有多小，来实现你的目标。每一天都是向前迈进的一步，并不会浪费)”可知，上文提到追随梦想，后文则说每天采取行动来实现目标，可推测本句旨在建议继续追求梦想，故G选项“虽然我们不能选择行动的结果，但我们可以选择继续追求”符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据后文“Many of the strongest memories come from the times Ive failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is benef
73、icial to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation.(许多最深刻的记忆来自于我失败的时候，那些教训一直伴随着我。失败对我们是有益的。时间让我看到即使是最痛苦的情况也有价值)”可知，后文提到失败有益，即犯错也可以令人成长，C选项中mistakes对应标题中mistakes。故C选项“犯错是一个人成长最可靠的途径”符合语境，故选C。【19题详解】设空处为本段小标题。根据后文“Difficult and painful experiences shape our character,
74、but can also weigh us down. These prevent us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy emotional state. If youre under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. (困难和痛苦的经历塑造了我们的性格，但也会压垮我们。这些阻碍了我们前进。我们在生活中取得的很多进步都依赖于意志力和健康的情绪状态。如果你处于压力之下，你的身体
75、和精神都需要时间来恢复)”可知，后文提到生活中取得的很多进步都依赖于意志力和健康的情绪状态，可见要好好照顾自己，故B选项“照顾好自己”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“If youre under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. (如果你处于压力之下，你的身体和精神都需要时间来恢复)”可知，上文提到处于压力就需要时间来恢复，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明恢复的问题，D选项中recover对应上文中recover。故D选项“最好休息，慢慢恢复体力”符合语境，故选D。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分3
76、0分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Each day, 10-year-old Seth asked his mom for more and more lunch money. Yet he seemed _21_ than ever and came home from school hungry. It _22_ that Seth was handing his lunch money to a fifth-grader, who was threatening to beat him up
77、if he didnt pay.Kayla, 13, thought things were going well at her new school, _23_ all the popular girls were being so nice to her. But then she found out that one of them had posted _24_ rumors about her. Kayla cried herself to sleep that night and refused to go to school.In national surveys, most k
78、ids and teens say that bullying happens at school. A bully can turn something like going to the wash room or recess (隐秘处) into a/an _25_ for kids. Bullying can leave deep emotional scars. And in _26_ situations, it can involve violent threats, property damage, or someone getting seriously hurt. Ther
79、efore, its necessary to help your child identify bullying and cope with it as well as _27_ its lasting impact.Most kids have been _28_ by a sibling or a friend at some point. And its not usually harmful when done in a playful, friendly, and mutual way, and both kids find it funny. But when it become
80、s hurtful, unkind, and constant, it _29_ the line into bullying and needs to stop.Its important to take bullying _30_and not just brush it off as something that kids have to “tough out.” The effects can be serious and affect kids sense of safety and _31_. In severe cases, bullying has _32_ tragedies
81、, such as suicides and school shootings.If your child tells you about being bullied, listen _33_ and offer comfort and support. Kids are often _34_to tell adults about bullying because they feel embarrassed and ashamed that its happening. Therefore, praise your child for doing the right thing by tal
82、king to you about it. Let someone at school (the principal, school nurse, or a counselor or teacher) know about the situation. They are often _35_ to monitor and take steps to prevent further problems.21. A. strongerB. happierC. skinnierD. slimmer22. A. turned outB. gave outC. figured outD. brought
83、out23. A. thusB. whileC. thoughD. since24. A. friendlyB. incredibleC. meanD. false25. A. nightmareB. fantasyC. adventureD. daydream26. A. specialB. extremeC. certainD. crucial27. A. lessenB. removeC. increaseD. decline28. A. abusedB. struckC. teasedD. annoyed29. A. crossedB. drawsC. holdsD. passes30
84、. A. wellB. easyC. angrilyD. seriously31. A. self-worthB. self-disciplineC. self-awarenessD. self-control32. A. resulted fromB. led byC. contributed toD. come to33. A. anxiouslyB. selectivelyC. indifferentlyD. calmly34. A. keenB. reluctantC. unbearableD. voluntary35. A. in the officeB. out of positi
85、onC. out of officeD. in a position【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过Seth和Kayla受到校园欺凌来说明这种行为给孩子们带来的身体和精神上的伤害，建议学校和家长要多关注孩子们是否受到校园欺凌行为的不良影响。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他似乎比以往任何时候都更瘦，并且饿着肚子从学校回家。A. stronger更强大的；B. happier更快乐的；C.
86、skinnier更瘦的；D. slimmer更苗条的。根据前文的“asked his mom for more and more lunch money（向妈妈要越来越多的午餐钱）”以及本句的“yet（然而，表示转折）和hungry（饥饿的）”可知，Seth的午餐钱花得多了却比以往瘦了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来Seth把他的午餐钱给了一个五年级的学生，这个学生威胁说如果他不付钱就要揍他。A. turned out（以某种方式）发生，原来是，结果发现； B. gave out分发，发出，用尽； C. figured out想出，理解，弄清；D. brought out
87、生产，出版，使显现。根据“Seth was handing his lunch money to a fifth-grader, who was threatening to beat him up if he didnt pay.（他的午餐钱给了一个五年级的学生，这个学生威胁说如果他不付钱就要揍他。）”可知，Seth的妈妈弄清楚了孩子的午餐钱花得多了却比以往瘦了的原因所在，turn out表示“原来是，结果发现”符合语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：13 岁的Kayla认为她的新学校一切顺利，因为所有受欢迎的女孩都对她很好。A. thus因此；B. while当时候；C.
88、 though虽然；D. since自从，因为。根据“ things were going well（新学校一切顺利）和girls were being so nice to her（受欢迎的女孩都对她很好）”可知，后面一句话是前面一句话的原因。故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来她发现其中一个人发布了关于她的恶意谣言。A. friendly友好的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. mean不友好的；D. false错误的。根据下一句“Kayla cried herself to sleep that night and refused to go to scho
89、ol.（那天晚上Kayla哭着睡着了，之后拒绝去上学。）”可知，Kayla后来发现有人发布关于她的恶意谣言。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：欺凌可以把去洗手间或隐秘处之类的事情变成孩子们的噩梦。A. nightmare噩梦； B. fantasy幻想； C. adventure冒险； D. daydream白日梦。根据下一句“Bullying can leave deep emotional scars. （欺凌会留下深刻的情感伤痕。）”可知，去洗手间等地方会遭受欺凌使有些孩子不敢去那些地方了，即去那些地方成为了一个“噩梦”。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而
90、在极端的情况下，可能涉及暴力威胁、财产损失或人员重伤。A. special特殊的； B. extreme极端的； C. certain确定的；D. crucial重要的。根据第5题的分析可知，欺凌可以把去洗手间或隐秘处之类的事情变成孩子们的噩梦，再由本句的“it can involve violent threats, property damage, or someone getting seriously hurt（欺凌可能涉及暴力威胁、财产损失或有人重伤的情况）”可知，后文提到的情况是比较极端的。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，有必要帮助你的孩子识别并应对欺凌行为，
91、并减轻其持续的影响。A. lessen减少；B. remove清除； C. increase增加； D. decline拒绝。根据第5题和第6题的分析可知，欺凌会给孩子带来身体和精神上的伤害，因此帮助孩子减少欺凌带来的不良影响。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数孩子在某个时候都被一个兄弟或朋友取笑过。A. abused滥用； B. struck袭击； C. teased逗弄，取笑；D. annoyed使某人生气。根据下一句“And its not usually harmful when done in a playful, friendly, and mutual way
92、, and both kids find it funny. （如果取笑是以一种有趣、友好和相互的方式完成，它通常不会有害，而且两个孩子都觉得这很有趣。）”可知，本空格应该填入与欺凌有关的一个词，因此tease符合语境的需要。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当它变得有害、不友好和持续时，它就越过了底线变成了欺凌并需要停止下来。A. crossed穿越，跨越；B. draws画；C. holds 举起；D. passes通过。根据上一题的分析可知，当取笑变得过分时，它就跨越了底线变成了欺凌行为。故选A项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：重要的是要严肃对待欺凌，不要只是
93、把它当作孩子们必须咬紧牙关挺过的事情而不去理睬。A. well好；B. easy放松，不紧张（副词）；C. angrily生气地；D. seriously严肃地。根据第5题和第6题的分析可知，欺凌会给孩子带来身体和精神上的伤害，因此需要严肃对待这种行为，take sth seriously：认真、严肃对待某事。take sth easy:放松对待某事，别紧张。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后果可能很严重，会影响孩子的安全感和 自我价值 。A. self-worth自我价值感；B. self-discipline自律能力；C. self-awareness自知，自明，自觉； D
94、. self-control自我控制。根据“kids sense of safety（孩子的安全感）”可知，欺凌行为对孩子产生了很大的伤害，孩子失去了安全感后，会对自我产生否定，影响自我价值感，下文的“suicides and school shootings（自杀和学校枪击事件）”也是提示。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在严重的情况下，欺凌会导致悲剧，例如自杀和学校枪击事件。A. resulted from由导致；B. led by由引导；C. contributed to促进，导致；D. come to达到。根据上一题的分析可知，欺凌行为对孩子产生了很大的伤害，会使孩子失
95、去安全感和影响自我价值感，因此严重时便产生诸如自杀和学校枪击事件的发生。故选C项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你的孩子告诉你他被欺负了，请冷静地倾听并给予安慰和支持。A. anxiously焦虑地； B. selectively选择地；C. indifferently漠不关心地；D. calmly平静地。根据“offer comfort and support（给予安慰和支持）”可知，孩子在倾诉被欺凌时，家长要有耐心和认真倾听。故选D项。34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们通常不愿意告诉成年人关于自己被欺凌的事情，因为他们对发生的事情感到尴尬和羞愧。A. keen热情的，
96、热心的；B. reluctant不情愿的，勉强的；C. unbearable不能忍受的；D. voluntary自愿的。根据“because they feel embarrassed and ashamed that its happening（因为他们对发生的事情感到尴尬和羞愧）”可知，孩子们会不愿意告诉成年人关于被欺凌的事情。故选B项。【35题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：他们通常有机会监控情况并采取措施防止进一步的问题发生。A. in the office在职；B. out of position不在适当的位置；C. out of office去职；D. in a position 能够，
97、有做的机会。根据“ Let someone at school (the principal, school nurse, or a counselor or teacher) know about the situation. （让学校的校长、护士、辅导员或老师了解学生的情况。）”可知，学校的校长、护士、辅导员或老师更能了解学生的生活，因此他们通常有机会了解情况并采取措施防止问题进一步恶化。故选D项。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式。Ant Forest, _36_green proposal by the w
98、orlds leading payment and lifestyle platform Alipay, _37_ (receive) the “U.N. Champions of the Earth” award in September.The award is the United Nations highest environmental honor and was given to Ant Forest for encouraging more than half a billion people to adopt an eco-friendly and greener lifest
99、yle, _38_ has greatly contributed to ecological protection with the help of digital technology.Alipay achieved this remarkable feat by inspiring _39_ users to choose from various low-carbon options in their daily _40_ (life), such as limited use of paper and plastic, online payment of utility bills,
100、 and green travel using public transportation _41_ bicycles instead of driving cars.The proposal of Ant Forest is also in line _42_ the Chinese governments strategy of transforming the nation into a “Green Economy”._43_ (accomplish) its objective, China is taking active actions to expand its green c
101、overage. Here, Alipay Ant Forest shows that it is possible to make collective efforts while _44_ (rely) on digiting technology for a _45_(sustain) and green future of the planet.【答案】36. a 37. received 38. which 39. its 40. lives 41. or 42. with 43. To accomplish 44. relying 45. sustainable【解析】【分析】本文
102、是一篇说明文。由全球领先的支付和生活方式平台支付宝发起的绿色倡议“蚂蚁森林”，在9月获得“地球冠军”奖。文章对“蚂蚁森林”和这个奖项作了介绍。【36题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：由全球领先的支付和生活方式平台支付宝发起的绿色倡议“蚂蚁森林”，在9月获得“地球冠军”奖。此处指“一个绿色建议”，表示泛指，且green是以辅音音素开头的词，前面加不定关系词a。故填a。【37题详解】考查一般过去时。句意：由全球领先的支付和生活方式平台支付宝发起的绿色倡议“蚂蚁森林”，在九月获得“地球冠军”奖。根据in September可知这里在描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时。故填received。【38题详解】
103、考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该奖项是联合国最高的环境荣誉，授予“蚂蚁森林”是因为鼓励了超过5亿人采用环保和绿色的生活方式，在数字技术的帮助下它有助于生态保护。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，前面整个句子作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【39题详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：支付宝之所以能做到这一点，是因为它鼓励用户在日常生活中选择各种低碳方式，比如限制用纸和塑料的使用、在线支付水电费、使用公共交通工具或自行车代替汽车进行绿色出行。此处users是名词，应由形容词性物主代词修饰，这里指Alipay的使用者，应用its，表示“它的”。故填its。【
104、40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：支付宝之所以能做到这一点，是因为它鼓励用户在日常生活中选择各种低碳方式，比如限制用纸和塑料的使用、在线支付水电费、使用公共交通工具或自行车代替汽车进行绿色出行。根据their可知后面应该用名词复数，表示“他们的日常生活”。故填lives。【41题详解】考查并列连词。句意：支付宝之所以能做到这一点，是因为它鼓励用户在日常生活中选择各种低碳方式，比如限制用纸和塑料的使用、在线支付水电费、使用公共交通工具或自行车代替汽车进行绿色出行。此处指“公共交通工具或自行车”，表示选择关系，应用or连接。故填or。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：“蚂蚁森林”的提议也符合中国政府向“
105、绿色经济”转型的战略。固定短语：in line with“符合，与一致”。故填with。【43题详解】考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为实现这一目标，中国正在积极采取行动，扩大绿色覆盖。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故填To accomplish。【44题详解】考查现在分词作时间状语。句意：在这里，支付宝“蚂蚁森林”向我们展示了，在依靠数字化技术的同时，共同努力是有可能实现一个可持续的、绿色的地球未来的。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词和while一起构成时间状语，rely on和暗含的逻辑主语we之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填relying。【45题详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：在这里，支付宝“蚂
106、蚁森林”向我们展示了，在依靠数字化技术的同时，共同努力是有可能实现一个可持续的、绿色的地球未来的。此处是形容词与green 构成并列关系，修饰名词future，所给词sustain是动词，其形容词是sustainable。故填sustainable。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）46. 假定你是校足球队队长李华。你校将与到访的国际学校足球队进行一场友谊赛（a friendly game），请写封邮件告知对方球队队长Jim相关的安排。内容包括：1.表示欢迎；2.相关安排（时间、地点，赛后安排等）；3.表达期待。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以
107、使行文连贯。Dear Jim,_Yours sincerely,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,As captain of our school football team, Im so delighted to learn youre coming to play a friendly game against us, and Id like to extend my cordial welcome and inform you of some relevant information.The match will be held on June 10 at our school st
108、adium, followed up with a party, where we can interact with each other and improve our understanding of each other. I believe the day will be a cross-cultural feast, where our players can enjoy the game to the fullest and develop sportsmanship.Looking forward to our competition and cooperation. For
109、any further information, please dont hesitate to contact me.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给球队队长Jim写封信，介绍学校足球队友谊赛的相关安排。【详解】1.词汇积累比赛：competitiongame促进：promoteimprove高兴的：happydelighted告知：tell sb. sth.= inform sb. of sth.2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：For any further information, please dont hesitate t
110、o contact me.拓展句：If you look for any further information, please dont hesitate to contact me.【点睛】高分句型1 The match will be held on June 10 at our school stadium, followed up with a party, where we can interact with each other and improve our understanding of each other.(运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 The ma
111、tch will be held on June 10 at our school stadium, followed up with a party, where we can interact with each other and improve our understanding of each other. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)第二节 读后续写（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。A boulder(巨石)，as big as a house. Thats how the gu
112、idebook described Giant Rock. Dad said it arrived here millions of years ago. I was finally going to see it, in snowshoes, with my two older cousins, my dad, and my uncle Don. Id been snowshoeing before, and I liked the adventure of hiking through deep snow.At the parking area, after putting on our
113、snowshoes, we studied the map. Due to the geographical location, electrical devices are inaccessible here. The map is our only guide. We start here， Dad said,” on the red trail(小路）. Then we turn left onto the purple road. Thats where Giant Rock is. Remember to stick together and dont wander off, guy
114、s， Uncle Don said. The trail ran uphill alongside a stone wall. It was easy to follow because red markers were nailed to the trees and the snow had been packed down by other hikers. At the top of the hill, we turned onto the purple trail. We settled into a pattern，with Dad and everyone else in front
115、 and me in the back，crunching(嘎吱嘎吱地踩）through the snow. I saw lots of animal tracks mostly deer, squirrel, and rabbit prints. As the trail wound down, my cousin Andrew said what Id been thinking ：Will we ever reach Giant Rock? My cousin Aiden smiled and turned to me, Luke, do you think your dad inven
116、ted this idea just to get us away from the TV for a while? I laughed. You never know.Finally, we climbed a hill and saw the massive boulder sitting alone in the forest. It really is as big as a house! My cousins and I high-fived each other and jogged until we stood at the base, breathless. Standing
117、in the boulders broad shadow, I noticed the sun had sunk lower. “Lets head back， Dad said after a few minutes. I here will be several crossroads on the way back. Guys, keep up with the team. Soon we were crunch-crunch-crunching our way home. I was a little behind the group when we approached a cross
118、roads. And I noticed a set of animal tracks I didnt recognize, so I followed them for a closer look.Paragraph 1 ：I looked up when I suddenly realized how quiet it had gotten.Paragraph 2 ：As going worriedly, I heard voices, someone calling far away.【答案】Paragraph 1：I looked up when I suddenly realized
119、 how quiet it had gotten. Where is everyone? I shouted. Nothing. “They couldnt have gone far. Ill catch up if I hurry.” I comforted myself. After a short walk, I came to the crossroads where I could turn left or go straight, but both trails had red markers. I turned to the left which looked familiar
120、. Unfortunately, it got quieter and quieter. Soon it might be too dark to tell what color the markers were. What if I couldnt find my way back?Paragraph 2: As going worriedly I heard voices, someone calling far away. Following the voices, I noticed the stone wall, the trail running alongside it. It
121、must be right way back! I rushed downhill with big steps. Then, I saw the parking area, and my family! I shouted as I ran toward them. Luke? Are you OK? The voice of Dad was urgent. Id only been lost for minutes, but it seemed like forever. Now all I wanted was a bear hug from Dad and to make tracks
122、 for home.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者和家人一起去参观巨石，没有导航只有地图的情况下，作者一行通过一条小路爬上山，最终作者一行找到了巨石，观赏之后开始归程，然而返程路上作者因为观察动物的足迹而跟丢了队伍。【详解】续写部分分为2段，第一段的开头是我抬头看，然后发现四周很安静， 所以这里写作者跟丢队伍之后的场景。作者大声呼喊人都去哪里了，但是没有回应，所以作者加快速度想要跟上队伍，但是面前的路口都有红色标记，没有办法分辨，所以作者选择了看起来熟悉的一条，但是却越来越安静，天也越来越暗了。第二段开头是我焦急地走着，听到远处有人在叫， 所以这里要描写作者
123、迷路之后听到队伍喊叫的声音，跟随着声音，作者找到了父亲，虽然只走丢了几分钟，但是好像过了很久，作者紧紧抱住父亲。【点睛】本文的续写比较有趣，故事情节比较吸引读者，使用了高级词汇和句子。如：comfort；familiar；worriedly；alongside；urgent等高级词汇，定语从句After a short walk, I came to the crossroads where I could turn left or go straight。宾语从句Soon it might be too dark to tell what color the markers were.等高级句式。
