1、Unite 3 Times change!Period 3Using language语法精析课 过去进行时的被动语态语法精讲透析【体验悟】阅读下面课文原句,回答以下问题。原句1 When I hurried to the store,I saw that the books were already being packed into boxes.原句2 In one area,a book reading was being delivered.原句3The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen,wherec
2、ustomers comments on the months best-seller were being displayed.【生成得】【研学析】.定义:过去进行时的被动语态表示在过去的某个时间或过去的某个时间段正在发生的动作,其动词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者而不是发出者。*The goods were being uploaded when we arrived at the airport.当我们到达机场时,货物正在被装载。*The first smartphone was being developed by some scientists in 2000.在2000年,一些科学家开发
3、出了第一款智能手机。.基本结构肯定句:主语+was/were+being+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)否定句:主语+was/were+not+being+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)疑问句:Was/Were+主语+being+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)特殊疑问句:疑问词+was/were+主语+being+及物动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)*Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then.那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。*The TV set was not being
4、 fixed by him this time yesterday.昨天这个时候他没有修理电视机。*Was a new library being put up in their school just then?他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗?*What was being done to the machine then?那时正在对这台机器采取什么措施?.常与过去进行时被动语态连用的时间状语过去进行时的被动语态的使用可根据上下文语境或then,at 10 yesterday,at that moment,yesterday afternoon,in 1998及when,the momen
5、t等时间状语或状语从句来判断。*The president was being interviewed by the presenter the moment I entered the office.当我走进办公室的那一刻,总统正在接受主持人的采访。*Many new ideas were being introduced to Europe when he studied in Cambridge.当他在剑桥学习时,许多新思想正引入欧洲。【点拨迷津】过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态在用法上的差别:过去进行时的被动语态强调动作发生的过程;一般过去时的被动语态强调动作的结果。Seve
6、ral patients were being treated in the local hospital then.(表示被动进行的动作)当时有几个病人正在当地医院接受治疗。Several patients were treated in the local hospital then.(表示过去发生的动作)当时有几个病人在当地医院接受治疗。【知识延伸】.将含有现在/过去进行时被动语态结构充当谓语动词的定语从句转化为现在分词的被动形式作定语,要省略从句中的关系代词和be。Most people who were being surveyed then failed to answer som
7、e questions in an honest way.Most people being surveyed then failed to answer some questions in an honest way.当时大多数正在接受调查的人都没有诚实地回答一些问题。.若定语从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时,则可以将其改为过去分词(短语)作定语的形式。The house which was destroyed in the storm belongs to the couple.The house destroyed in the storm belongs to the coup
8、le.在暴风雨中被摧毁的房子是这对夫妇的。【生成得】(1)用所给动词的正确形式填空。(2017江苏高考)He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he _(followed).The feast _(prepare)when it began to snow outside.This road _(build)at this time last year.The textbooks _(print).All the work was to be done in threedays.The workers were not here th
9、en.The workers _(train)in the center.wasbeing followedwas being preparedwas being builtwere being printedwere being trained(2)句型转换。The machine was being fixed when she dropped in.(疑问句和否定句)_when she dropped in.The old trees were being removed because of the coming rain.(特殊疑问句)_The plan that was being
10、 discussed this time last Monday is hard to carry out.(转化为现在分词作定语)The plan _last Monday is hard to carry out.Was the machine being fixed when she dropped in?The machine was not being fixedWhy were the old trees being removed?being discussed this timeThe book being read by the students then was about
11、 the development of the Internet.(转化为定语从句)The book _was about the development of the Internet.The driver who was injured in the accident has been sent to the nearest hospital.(转换成分词短语作定语)The driver _has been sent to the nearest hospital.that/which was being read by the students theninjured in the ac
12、cident【常温故勤总结】过去被动进行时,基本结构要分清题中be动如何选,主语单复要分清单数概念用was,复数形式were出征体现进行是关键,being必须加其中过去分词随其后,过去被动进行已确定.用所给动词的正确时态和语态形式填空1.I didnt enter the bookstore when passing by it,for it _(decorate)then.2.The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers _(leave).3.Alice had graduated from univers
13、ity and _(work)as a volunteer in the countryside when I contacted her last year.课时素养达标was beingdecoratedwereleavingwas working4.The new TV set _(promote)in the shopping center.That was why so many people were gathering there.5.All eyes were on the television monitor where a horse race _(broadcast).6
14、.He didnt turn up at the meeting as scheduled;he _(deliver)a seriously injured man to the hospital.7.A new building _(build)at the other side of the street.Work started last year and the building is expected to open next year.was being promotedwas beingbroadcastwas deliveringis being built8.This is
15、Teds phone.We miss him a lot.He _(kill)when trying to savea child in the earthquake.9.Dont worry.The hard work that you do now _(repay)later in life.10.Millions of school kids _(teach)online at home now because of the epidemic.was killedwill be repaidare being taught.将下列句子由主动语态改写为被动语态1.The couple we
16、re planting trees on the hillside._on the hillside by the couple.2.Julie was not delivering a speech in the university._in the university.3.The company employed several local people to promote its new products._to promote its new products.Trees were being plantedA speech was not being delivered by J
17、ulieSeveral local people were employed by the company4.The dinosaur eggs were found in the Gebi Desert in the 1960s.(变特殊疑问句并对画线部分提问)_in the Gebi Desert?5.He was recognized by the drivers when he got on the bus.(一般疑问句)_when he got on the bus?6.The doctors have confirmed several cases of the infected
18、in the hospital._in the hospital.When were the dinosaur eggs foundWas he recognized by the driversSeveral cases of the infected have been confirmed7.They cant take the book out of the library without permission._without permission.8.The news that was being broadcast on TV shocked everyone.(将定语从句改写为非
19、谓语动词形式)_shocked everyone.The book cant be taken out of the libraryThe news being broadcast on TV9.How do you find the latest robots being displayed on the screen?(将非谓语动词改为定语从句)How do you find the latest robots _.10.The engineers were checking the devices for the new experiment.(一般疑问句)Were the device
20、s for the new experiment _?that are being displayed on the screenbeing checked by the engineers语法填空Many well-established bookshops have closed and that trend is continuing today,despite their efforts 1._(survive)by offering a caf or childrens activities as well.There are three main reasons for this
21、trend.First,2._(increasing)more people have been giving up reading.Second,quite a high percentage of those 3._continue reading have changed from reading paper books to e-books;Third,of the 4._(limit)number of people who continue reading paper books,quite a high percentage buy them online instead of
22、from physical bookstores.Bookstores 5._(struggle)to survive by offering leisure activities and opening coffee houses inside the bookstores.However,as 6._ recent media survey shows,these measures seem to be of little help.It would be a shame if physical bookstores 7._(be)to disappear completely.Books
23、tores are more than“places selling books”,they are cultural palaces.A city 8._bookstores is not culturally rich.However,the fact is that bookstores cannot survive the fierce market 9._(compete)and they are failing.In order to prevent bookstores from totally 10._(disappear),both thegovernment and the
24、 society should find good ways to help bookstores survive.【语篇概述】本文为说明文,介绍实体书店所面临的窘境,分析产生这种现象的原因以及书店为了生存所做出的努力,作者同时认为实体书店有其存在的价值,政府和社会都应帮助其寻找方法存活下去。1.【解析】to survive。考查非谓语动词。名词efforts 之后常与动词不定式搭配,充当名词的定语。2.【解析】increasingly。考查词性转换。increasing为形容词,而句中缺少一个副词,故填increasing的副词形式increasingly。3.【解析】who。考查定语从句。
25、those之后接定语从句指人,同时作主语故填who。4.【解析】limited。考查形容词用法。句意:第三,在有限的继续读纸质书的人中,很高百分比的人从网上购书而不是从实体书店购书。句中number之前要用形容词修饰,故填limited。5.【解析】are struggling。考查动词时态。句意:书店正通过提供在店内的休闲活动或开设咖啡屋来努力生存。本句谓语动词表示目前的时段正在发生的动作,要用现在进行时表示。6.【解析】a。考查不定冠词用法。句意:然而,正如最近一个媒体调查所表明的那样,这些措施似乎收效甚微。故应填不定冠词a。7.【解析】were。考查虚拟语气用法。句意:如果实体书店完全消失,那将是一种耻辱。在表示对将来进行虚拟时,条件状语从句中be动词要用were。8.【解析】without。考查介词用法。句意:一个没有书店的城市是没有文化内涵的。故填without。9.【解析】competition。考查词性转换。句意:然而,事实上实体书店根本不能在激烈的市场竞争中幸存下来,他们正在衰落。句中的the fierce market所修饰的中心词是名词,故填competition。10.【解析】disappearing。考查非谓语动词。句意:为了防止书店完全消失,政府和社会都应该寻找好的方法来帮助书店生存下去。prevent.from doing为固定用法。
