1、十五 Unit 5Using Language【语用训练】.用所给词的适当形式填空1.The company is sponsoring a series of gymnastics _(contest)for schools in big cities.2.The children loved sliding round the newly _(polish)floor.3.The route was _(string)with flags.4.The situation was more _(complicate)than they had realized at first.contes
2、tspolishedstrungcomplicated5.The survey found a wide _(variant)in the prices charged for canteen food.6.Some landlords and landladies are racially _(prejudice).variationprejudiced.选词填空inspire.to,meet the deadline,speech contest,polish up,come on,pour out,pay attention to,hold fast to,related to,make
3、 a list of1.In my imagination,I have worked very hard in an English _,and won the first prize.2._,honey.You hold the doll and Ill hold you.3.Our teachers always _combining theory with practice.4.They had to work against time to _.speech contestCome onpay attention tomeet the deadline5._this rope,and
4、 I will pull you up.6.Light industry is closely _agriculture.7.Teachers should _ all students _ think creatively.8.Before I go shopping,I _the things I must buy.9.A very little encouragement would set her talking and _all within her.10.In his spare time he did all he could to _his German.Hold fast t
5、orelated toinspiretomake a list ofpouring outpolish up.完成句子1.I _yesterday;I hadnt seen him for ten years.我昨天遇到史密斯了。我有十年没见过他了。(come across)2.A friend of mine,_in Florida,took her to a shoe store to buy a new pair of shoes.我的一个朋友到佛罗里达去看他的母亲。他带着母亲去了一家鞋店买了一双新鞋。(while doing)came across Smithwhile visitin
6、g his mother3.What I really want to know is _give us more grandchildren.我真正想知道的是你们什么时候为我们生更多的外孙子、外孙女。(用when 引导表语从句)4.I would think about it carefully,_.如果我是你,我会仔细考虑的。(用if引导的虚拟条件句)5.Mr Hu and the other teachers _shake hands with delegates.胡老师和其他老师轮流与代表们握手。(take turns to)when youre going toif I were y
7、outook turns to【主题阅读】.阅读理解A Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Literature.Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime.She had more than 20 books published.She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding about black c
8、ulture in America.Her poems described conditions among the poor,racial inequality and drug use in the black community.She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women.But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people.She was an expert at the language of poetry.She
9、 combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.In her early poetry,Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the south side of Chicago.The south side of Chicago is where many black people live.In her poems,the south side is called Bronzeville.It was A Street in Bronzeville that
10、 gained the attention of literary experts in 1945.Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions about the black experience during the time.TheBronzeville poems were her first published collection.In 1950,Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pulitzer Prize fo
11、r Literature.She won the prize for her second book of poems called Annie Allen.Annie Allen is a collection of poetry about the life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter,a wife and mother.She experiences loneliness,loss,death and being poor.Ms Brooks said that winning the prize changed her life.Her ne
12、xt work was a novel written in 1953 called Maud Martha.MaudMartha received little notice when it was first published.But now it is considered an important work by some critics.Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.In some of her poems,Gwendolyn
13、Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are.One example is this poem,Corners on theCurving Sky.By the end of the 1960s,Gwendolyn Brookss poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville.She wrote about a wider world and dealt with important politica
14、l issues.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献。1.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The life of Gwendolyn Brooks.B.The poems of Gwendolyn Brooks.C.The understanding about black culture.D.The struggle of black women.【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段和其余各段的段首可知,本文主要讲了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献
15、。2.What can we learn about Gwendolyn Brooks from the second paragraph?A.She mainly wrote about struggles of black women.B.She was good at using the language of poetry.C.Her writing skills were a little worse than her ability.D.Her poems were mainly about the African experience.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“S
16、he was an expert at the language of poetry.”可知,Gwendolyn Brooks是诗歌语言的专家。3.The author develops the passage mainly by.A.providing examplesB.using statisticsC.comparing opinionsD.describing her experiences【解析】选A。写作手法题。文中第三至第六段分别列举了Gwendolyn Brooks的一些作品,如诗歌集Annie AllenCorners on the Curving Sky和小说Maud M
17、artha。故作者主要是用举例法来行文的。4.In the next part,the author would most probably talk about.A.the difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks would meetB.the poems related to political issuesC.the award Gwendolyn Brooks had gainedD.the racial inequality the black had to face【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知Gwendolyn Brooks的诗歌中涉及政治
18、问题,故接下来最有可能讲的是与政治问题有关的诗歌。B We spend a third of our adult lives working and another big part preparing for our careers.Historically,work was rarely seen as a source of meaning and purpose.During the vast majority of our 300,000-year human evolution(进化),work was in fact pretty simple.We worked to eat
19、and avoid being eaten.Meaning and purpose came from somewhere else,like spirituality,art,religion,or science.The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work meaningful is a rather modern,if not postmodern,invention.Only one hundred years ago,it would have been frequent to see a wo
20、rker who returned from a typical workday at a factory complain to their folks that they didnt earn much or they were worn out and rare to see them complain they didnt experience a sense of purpose.Similarly,the idea that we ought to bring our“whole self”to work is a pretty novel and recent form of c
21、areer advice.Its origins can be traced to William Kahn who invented the concept of employee engagement 30 years ago.His point was that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role.Some see work as merely a job and clock in and out every day,without bringing their whole
22、self to work.Work is just not a core aspect of their identity,and their concept of themselves is built on other social categories like mother,husband,American,Christian,captain of the local soccer team,etc.Others,however,have very low psychological distance with their work role,seeing it as essentia
23、lly intertwined(交融的)with who they are.They dont just come to work,they are fully devoted to their careers and have a spiritual type of connection with their jobs.They are,it seems,almost possessed by work and are the type of workaholics(工作狂)most companies long for.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。成年后,我们有三分之一的时间在工作,还有很
24、大一部分时间在为职业生涯做准备。工作是为了生存,而把“完整的自己”带到工作中去,这也是一种相当新颖的职业建议。文章还说明了不同的人对工作的看法。5.Why did we spend much of our adult lives working?A.To prepare for future careers.B.To find the water sources.C.To help us evolve.D.To make us survive.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段中We worked to eat and avoid being eaten.可知我们工作是为了吃饭,避免被吃掉。
25、由此可知,我们成年后大部分时间都在工作,是为了生存。6.Why did the writer mention the worker a century ago?A.To help us find meaning at work.B.To prove that the idea was modern.C.To show us the bad old days.D.To complain about the experience.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中The idea that we are meant to find meaning at work or to find work
26、 meaningful is a rather modern,if not postmodern,invention.可知我们注定要在工作中找到意义或找到有意义的工作,这种想法即使不是后现代的,也是相当现代的发明。接着后文作者提到了一个世纪前的工人,由此可推知,作者提到一个世纪前的工人,是为了证明这个想法是现代的。7.Which of the following might William Kahn agree with?A.Employees have different understandings about their work role.B.Every employee must b
27、ring their whole self to work.C.To be devoted to work is a pretty novel idea.D.Workers core identity is built on art categories.【解析】选 A。细节理解题。根据第三段中His point was that employees differ in the degree to which they identify with their work role.可知他的观点是,员工对自己工作角色的认同程度各不相同。由此可知,A选项“员工对自己的工作角色有不同的理解”属于Wil
28、liam Kahn的观点。8.What kind of employees do most companies favor?A.Those who see work as a job.B.Those who identify with their work role.C.Those who are fully devoted to their work.D.Those who possess experience.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段中They are,it seems,almost possessed by work and are the type of workahol
29、ics most companies long for.可知他们似乎几乎被工作占据了,是大多数公司渴望的工作狂类型。由此可知,大多数公司喜欢全身心投入工作的员工。.语法填空As a famous productive poet,Lu You from the Song Dynasty wrote more than 20,000 poems in his lifetime.The reason 1._Lu You could write so much poetry was that he was talented,but more 2._(important),he also lived a
30、 long life.According to historical records,he lived to be 85 years old,the 3._(long)living poet in the Song Dynasty.However,Lu You was weak when he was a child.Lu You joined the military as 4._adviser in his middle ages and 5._(start)to exercise his body and learn martial arts.After training for two
31、 years,Lu You could shoot down a flying eagle 6._(use)a bow and arrow,and he even killed a tiger.During his later years,Lu You started the body building 7._(call)Chosho,or shouts,a long and loud cry.Chosho was quite popular in ancient 8._(time),which was not roaring or whistling,but a 9._(skill)heal
32、th method.When ancient people did Chosho,they opened their body,breathed in deep and then breathed out in rhyme.Chosho can relax your body and put you in a good mood.10._ Lu You,Chosho helped him get rid of diseases and medicine.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍,主要介绍了宋朝的著名诗人陆游长寿的原因。1.【解析】why。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导定语从句,先行词是re
33、ason,关系词在从句中作原因状语,故用why引导此定语从句。2.【解析】importantly。分析句子结构可知,空格处应用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。故填importantly。3.【解析】longest。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,此处表示寿命最长的诗人,应用最高级。故填longest。4.【解析】an。此处表示泛指,意为“作为一名顾问”,adviser是可数名词,且其读音以元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an。5.【解析】started。结合上下文可知,文章谈论的都是过去的事情,因此空格处应用一般过去时。故填started。6.【解析】using。分析句子结构可知,该句的谓语是“could
34、shoot down”,故空格处应作状语。由于use与主语Lu You之间为主动关系,故用动词的现在分词形式作方式状语。故填using。7.【解析】called。call与被修饰词body building之间为被动关系,应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填called。8.【解析】times。空格处表示时代,应用time的复数形式。故填times。9.【解析】skillful。空格处修饰名词词组health method,故应用其形容词形式作定语,表示“一种有技巧的保健方式”。故填skillful。10.【解析】For。此处指“对于陆游来说,长啸帮助他远离了疾病和药物”。空格处表示“对于”,故用介词For。
