1、广东佛山一中2020-2021学年高三新高考模拟试题（四）英语试题注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节, 满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AIf y
2、oure a hard-core traveler, youre likely always looking for the next big thing. Be it the newest hotel, the most luxurious suite, or climbing the highest mountain, youre down for all. And that makes this new hotel, located in the North Pole, the perfect fit for you.This winter, guests will have the u
3、nbelievable opportunity to stay in the northernmost hotel in the world known as the North Pole Igloo Hotel. However, it does come with two rather large catches. The first is that it will only be available for an extremely limited amount of time. The second is that it will cost $100,000 for a three-n
4、ight trip.But, that $100,000 certainly comes with few perks (额外待).“North Pole igloos hotel concept is movable, sustainable, but still a little extreme, the hotel explains on its site. “Depending on weather conditions we move the heated glass igloos to most safe places around the arctic glacier. You
5、can join the group of very rare people who have spent a night at the North Poles glacier.”It further notes, the hotel is only open on request in the month of April, but guests can also stay at another location on other dates.So,what do you get for the money? The hotel comes with a two-night stay in
6、Svalbard before a two-hour helicopter ride to the North Pole ice camp. Guests are then transported to the glacier and to check into their igloo hotel.“We provide all of the equipment,Janne Honkanen,founder of Luxury Action.But you definitely need to have the spirit of an explorer or scientist.”Guest
7、s are “almost guaranteed” to get a great viewing of the Northern Lights as they are still incredibly active in the area throughout the month of April. If youve got the money to burn and the spirit to match, book it now.1. What is the main function of paragraph 1?A. To explain what a hard-core travel
8、er is.B. To lead in the topic of the text.C. To make some comparisons.D. To offer some discounts.2. What can we know about North Pole igloos hotel concept?A. Its full of argument.B. Its a waste of money.C. Its environmentally friendly.D. Its available to most visitors.3. What do we know about the gu
9、ests to the Igloo Hotel?A. They will spend more than $100,000.B. They will stay in the glass igloos for 3 nights.C. They can book the hotel in any month of a year.D. They will be taken to the North Pole ice camp by air.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北极冰屋旅馆，吸引游客去那里旅行。【1题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要
10、介绍了北极冰屋旅馆。根据第一段中“If youre a hard-core traveler, youre likely always looking for the next big thing.”(如果你是一个铁杆的旅行者，你可能总是在寻找下一件大事。)以及“And that makes this new hotel, located in the North Pole, the perfect fit for you.”(这就使得这家位于北极的新旅馆，非常适合你。)可知，第一段的功能是引出文章主题。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Depending on weather
11、conditions we move the heated glass igloos to most safe places around the arctic glacier.”(根据天气条件，我们将加热的玻璃冰屋移动到北极冰川周围最安全的地方。)可知，北极冰屋旅馆环境友善。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“The hotel comes with a two-night stay in Svalbard before a two-hour helicopter ride to the North Pole ice camp.”(这家旅馆安排在Svalbard岛住宿两晚，然后乘
12、坐两小时的直升机前往北极冰雪营地。)可知，冰屋旅馆的客人要坐飞机去北极冰雪营地。故选D项。BOne night in 1966, Michael Chapman rushed into a folk-music club in Cornwall, England to get out of the rain, and soon found himself onstage playing the guitar. “They offered me a job to play for the rest of the summer. And Ive been playing ever since,”
13、Chapman says. “Ive told that story so many times, but its absolutely true. If it hadnt been raining that night, I wouldnt be talking to you.”The British guitar player has spent the 50 years since then on the road. He released some praised albums in the 1970s, but his health went downhill in the 80s
14、and 90s. Like a lot of British artists in the 1960s, Chapman taught himself to play the guitar by listening to American jazz and blues records.Chapman actually taught photography, but quit when he was 26 to play music full time. When he was starting out, he was often compared to other British acoust
15、ic guitar heroes of the time, like John Martyn and Bert Jansch.“The fascinating thing about Michael Chapman is that he doesnt fit in with those guys of his generation,” says Andrew Male, a music journalist. “Hes always been an outsider. He never moved to London. ”And while he never became part of th
16、e London music scene, Chapman was noticed by those musicians. “The 70s caught up with him in the 80s,” Male says. “He had a huge heart attack at the end of the 80s that nearly finished him off. When he made his way back into the world in the early 90s, people had forgotten about him.” But not everyo
17、ne. A younger generation of musicians in America, including Thurston Moore of Sonic Youth and a younger singer and guitarist named Steve Gunn, recently rediscovered Chapman.“We wanted to capture Michaels voice and character where he is now. You know, its a little road-weary, but he still has it,” Gu
18、nn says. “For me, it was really important to get that right.” “Hes the right old musician for present times,” Male says. “I think the music he makes seems quite in tune with where were at.”4. Which can best describe Michael Chapmans first involvement in music?A. Untrue.B. Accidental.C. Unfortunate.D
19、. Reasonable.5. What can we learn about Michael Chapman from the text?A. He has taught photography for 26 years.B. He taught himself to play the guitar and did far better than John Martyn.C. To some degree, he is not accepted by other people of his generation.D. He is one of the best guitar players
20、in the early 90s.6. Why did Michael Chapman quit his music career once?A. He lost his special voice.B. He suffered from a severe heart attack.C. He got tired of competing with others.D. He was almost forgotten by everyone.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. The Rise and F
21、all of Guitar MusicB. The Sad Story of a Guitar MusicianC. A New Generation Helps an Old Guitar MusicianD. A Brief Introduction to a Guitar Musician【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位吉他演奏老艺术家Michael Chapman的演艺经历和成就，虽然如今他已被许多人遗忘，但新一代吉他演奏家Steve Gumi认为Chapman创作的音乐和他们现在所处的环境很协调，所以他让老艺术家重新攀登音乐
22、事业的高峰。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“If it hadnt been raining that night, I wouldnt be talking to you.(如果那天晚上没有下雨，我就不会和你说话了)”可推断，Michael Chapman走上音乐之路纯属偶然。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“The fascinating thing about Michael Chapman is that he doesnt fit in with those guys of his generation,” says Andrew Male, a music jo
23、urnalist. “Hes always been an outsider. He never moved to London. ”(音乐记者Andrew Male说：“Michael Chapman的迷人之处在于，他与他那一代的人格格不入。他一直是个局外人。他从未搬到伦敦。”)”可知，在某种程度上，Michael Chapman不被他这一代的人所接受。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He had a huge heart attack at the end of the 80s that nearly finished him off. When he made his
24、way back into the world in the early 90s, people had forgotten about him. (80年代末，他突发严重的心脏病，差点要了他的命。90年代初，当他重返音乐界时，人们已经忘记了他)”可知，Michael Chapman中断他的音乐职业生涯是因为一次严重的心脏病发作。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“One night in 1966, Michael Chapman rushed into a folk-music club in Cornwall, England to get out of the rain, an
25、d soon found himself onstage playing the guitar.(1966年的一个晚上，Michael Chapman为了避雨冲进英格兰康沃尔的一家民间音乐俱乐部，很快就发现自己在舞台上弹吉他)”结合文章讲述了一位吉他演奏老艺术家Michael Chapman的演艺经历和成就，虽然如今他已被许多人遗忘，但新一代吉他演奏家Steve Gumi认为Chapman创作的音乐和他们现在所处的环境很协调，所以他让老艺术家重新攀登音乐事业的高峰。故D选项“对一个吉他音乐家的简要介绍”最符合文章标题。故选D。CNo one ever said science educatio
26、n was easy. Certainly the concepts we teach, like conservation of momentum (动量守恒) or quantum mechanics (量子力学)，can be hard to grasp. But what really makes our reaching complicated is that were also trying to teach a deeper lesson at the same time to help students understand the nature of science itse
27、lf.All too often, young people get the impression that science is about learning certain laws and then applying them to different situations. After all, thats what we make them do on tests, to show that theyve been doing the work. But thats not it at all. Science is the process of building these con
28、cepts through the collection of experimental evidence.And while Im on it lets call these concepts what they really are not laws, but models. Science is all about building and testing models. Its difficult to help students understand that aspect of science when we just give them the models to begin w
29、ith. Sure, in physics we often include historical or mathematical evidence to support big ideas, but that often isnt enough.Of course, we cant start from scratch. If students had to build their own models from the ground up, it would be like trying to learn programming by inventing computers. As Isa
30、ac Newton is supposed to have said, we stand on the shoulders of giants. We must take models built by others and go from there.What Id like to suggest is that this actually provides a great way into the adventure of science and an opportunity to meet our objectives as educators. If you can create a
31、situation that challenges students assumptions and produces conceptual conflict, thats a great opportunity for learning.8. What is the misunderstanding of teaching science?A Its complicated.B. It focuses on the nature of science.C. Its very difficult.D. It lies in teaching and testing “laws”.9. Whic
32、h way to teach science is highly recommended by the author?A. Encouraging students to always start from scratch.B. Providing students with some models to follow suit.C. Guiding students to begin with models built by others.D. Offering students proof to support important concepts.10. The author cites
33、 Isaac Newtons words to .A. justify the experimentB. praise the statementC. show the achievementD. support the argument11. What is the best title of the passage?A. Science teachingB. Concept buildingC. Science learningD. Concept conflicting【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学的定义和科学教学，并
34、进行了理性思辨与阐发。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“All too often, young people get the impression that science is about learning certain laws and then applying them to different situations. (年轻人时常认为科学是学习特定的“法则”，并将它们应用至不同的情境下)”及“But thats not it at all.(但并不是)”可知，年轻人有这样一种认知误区，教科学就是教法则和验证法则，故选D项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“We must ta
35、ke models built by others and go from there.(我们必须借鉴前人已经建立的模型并且从他们那里开始)”可知，作者认为让学生自己创建模型是件很难的事情，借鉴前人已经建立的模型让学生一步步接触、学习并效仿才是最好的方法。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Of course, we cant start from scratch.(我们当然不能从头开始)”及“We must take models built by others and go from there.(我们必须借鉴前人已经建立模型并且从他们那里开始)”可知，作者反对让学生平地筑高楼
36、的方法，认为难度过大。而作者认为最好的方式是借鉴前人，从前人的经验出发进行科研。牛顿的话意思是：我们站在巨人的肩膀上，即我们拥有很多可以参考的前人的经验和结论、理论模型能够用来借鉴。由此可知，作者引用牛顿的话是为了佐证自己的观点。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“No one ever said science education was easy.(没人曾说过科学教育是简单的)”可知，文章从第一段就引入“科学教学”。后文又讲述了在科学教学方面的种种，进行了理性思辨与阐发。故选A项。DI came home one day recently and, for reasons I
37、dont quite understand, my living room smelled like my grandmothers house. Suddenly I felt as if I were 12 years old, happy and relaxed, sitting in her kitchen. I can remember what her house looked like, though it was sold 20 years ago her three-level plant stand, the plates lining the walls, the win
38、dow over her sink but these visual memories dont have the power that smell does. The funny thing is, I cant even begin to describe the odor(气味) that was so distinctively hers. The best I can do is this: “It smelled like my grandmothers house.”Its a common experience, and a common linguistic( 语言学的) p
39、roblem. In cultures worldwide, people have powerful olfactory memories. This odor-memory link is also called “the Proust phenomenon,” after Marcel Prousts famous description of the feelings aroused by a cake dipped in tea in “Remembrance of Things Past.”Olfactory memories seem to be more closely bou
40、nd up with emotions than are visual or auditory ones.Not all these memories are pleasant, of course, and smells can also trigger feelings of pain.It is surprisingly hard for English-speakers to describe the odors that occasion such strong emotions, however. English possesses almost no abstract smell
41、 words that pick out links or themes among unrelated aromas(芳香).We have plenty of these in the visual field. “Yellow,” for example, identifies a characteristic that bananas, lemons, some cars, some flowers, old book pages, and the sun all share.But for odors, we dont have many more than the vague “m
42、usty” (smells old and stale) and “musky” (smells perfumey). We usually have no choice but to say that one thing smells like another like a banana, like garlic, like diesel fuel.A few languages, though, do have a rich odor vocabulary. Linguist Asifa Majid has found that the Jahai, the Semaq Beri, and
43、 the Maniq, hunter-gatherer groups in Malaysia and Thailand, employ a wide range of abstract smell words and can identify aromas as easily as we can colors. The Jahai have a word, for example, that describes “the seemingly dissimilar smell of petrol, smoke, bat poop, root of wild ginger and wood of
44、wild mango.”Last year my cat got sprayed by a skunk(臭鼬), and the vet told me to wash its face with coffee to cover the bad smell. Until then, I had never realized that coffee, which I find delicious, smells remarkably like skunk spray, which I do not.Science has identified the chemicals that both sh
45、are. They are called mercaptans (硫醇). But in oral English, we have no word for the underlying note that connects these two odors. If the Jahai drank coffee and encountered skunks, I bet they would.12. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to .A. express the writers affection for his grandmotherB.
46、 direct the readers attention to a linguistic problemC. tell us the odor of the grandmothers house stayed the sameD. prove smell has a greater power than visual memories13. Which of the following is related to olfactory memories?A. Forming an image in mind after seeing the word “injury”.B. Feeling s
47、ympathetic when seeing a sick cat.C. Dancing to the music upon hearing it played.D. Missing fried eggs with garlic cooked by mum.14. The example of the Jahai suggests that .A. the Jahai dont have many words in the visual fieldB. English possesses many vague words like “musty” and “musky”C. the Jahai
48、 has more abstract smell words than EnglishD. skunk and coffee have the same smell, but different functions15. What can we learn from the passage?A. The author feels pity about the limitation of his language.B. English has a wide range of visual and odor vocabulary.C. Olfactory memories can bring no
49、thing but pleasant feelings.D. Cultures worldwide always collide with each other.【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述一个常见的语言问题。在世界各地的文化中，人们都有强大的嗅觉记忆。这种气味记忆的联系也被称为“普鲁斯特现象”，以马塞尔普鲁斯特(Marcel Proust)著名的描述“追忆似水年华”中泡在茶里的蛋糕引起的感受而命名。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Its a common experience, and a common lingui
50、stic( 语言学的) problem.“这是一个常见的经历，也是一个常见的语言问题。”该句中的it指代的就是“常见的语言问题”。由此可知，第一段主要是要引导读者注意一个语言问题。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文中But for odors, we dont have many more than the vague “musty” (smells old and stale) and “musky” (smells perfumey). We usually have no choice but to say that one thing smells like another li
51、ke a banana, like garlic, like diesel fuel.“除了模糊的“发霉”(闻起来又老又不新鲜)和“麝香”(闻起来很香)，我们没有更多的气味。我们通常别无选择，只能说一种东西闻起来像另一种像香蕉，像大蒜，像柴油。”由此推知，D项的“想念妈妈做的大蒜炒鸡蛋” 与嗅觉记忆有关。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中the Jahai, the Semaq Beri, and the Maniq, hunter-gatherer groups in Malaysia and Thailand, employ a wide range of abstract
52、 smell words and can identify aromas as easily as we can colors. The Jahai have a word, for example, that describes “the seemingly dissimilar smell of petrol, smoke, bat poop, root of wild ginger and wood of wild mango.” Jahai、Semaq Beri和Maniq是马来西亚和泰国的狩猎采集部落，他们使用各种各样的抽象嗅觉词汇，就像我们辨别颜色一样容易辨别气味。例如，Jahai
53、人有一个词，描述“汽油、烟、蝙蝠粪便、野生姜的根和野生芒果的木头的味道似乎不一样”。可知，Jahai的例子表明Jahai有比英语更多的抽象气味词汇。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Science has identified the chemicals that both share. They are called mercaptans (硫醇). But in oral English, we have no word for the underlying note that connects these two odors. If the Jahai drank cof
54、fee and encountered skunks, I bet they would.(科学已经发现了这两种化学物质。它们被称为硫醇。但在口语中，我们找不到一个词来形容这两种气味之间的联系。如果贾海人喝咖啡，遇到臭鼬，我敢打赌他们会的。)由此可知，作者对自己语言的局限性感到遗憾。故选A。【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第4小题，根据倒数第二段Last year my cat got sprayed by a skunk(臭鼬), and
55、 the vet told me to wash its face with coffee to cover the bad smell. Until then, I had never realized that coffee, which I find delicious, smells remarkably like skunk spray, which I do not.“去年我的猫被一只臭鼬喷了，兽医让我用咖啡洗脸来掩盖臭味。在那之前，我从来没有意识到，我觉得很美味的咖啡闻起来像臭鼬喷雾剂，但我没有意识到。”由此可知，作者对自己语言的局限性感到遗憾。故选A。第二节 (共5小题；每小题
56、2.5分, 满分12.5分)If you are looking to make your living space feel bigger, the good news is that its probably easier than you think. _16_.Introduce some lightLet in as much natural light as possible and where feasible(可行的), throw away the curtains. _17_, giving the impression of more space. Try not to
57、rely on overhead light fixtures as they pool the light to one spot.Think about the sizeChoose simple furniture and avoid heavy, weighted pieces. A little sofa will give you just as much sitting space as a big, bulky(笨重的) sofa will. _18_. By default, low furniture gives more space above thus making a
58、 room look much bigger.Add some movementEmphasize the vertical(垂直的) features of a room by adding an oversized, vertical mirror to a space to help reflect more light back into the room. _19_, as the aim is to create a sense of movement. The last thing you want your living space to feel like is that y
59、ou are sitting in a mess of a giant traffic jam._20_All interior designers will agree that going with light colors is the best way to achieve a bigger space visually. Choose light colors such as various white tones that will reflect and multiply light, as opposed to dark colors that will absorb it.A
60、. Add colour to doorsB. Keep the color lightC. This will allow your eye to see directly to the outsideD. Also, choose low furniture or furniture with open legsE. The choice of lighting is in line with the tone and themeF. Keep these tricks in mind to create a much bigger living space in no timeG. In
61、 the places you do need cloths or curtains, choose cloths with light colors【答案】16. F 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了让室内空间显大的几个技巧。【16题详解】上文提到让生活空间显得更大，下文又介绍了几个让生活空间显大的方法，此处需要一个承上启下的过渡句，故F项（记住这些技巧，你很快就能创造出一个更大的生活空间）符合语境。【17题详解】根据本空前的throw away the curtains可知，摒弃窗帘，此处是说这样做的好处，故C项（这可以让你的眼睛
62、直接看到外面）符合语境。【18题详解】根据本空后的“By default, low furniture gives more space above thus making a room look much bigger.”可知，低矮的家具会提供更多的空间，从而让房间看起来更大，故D项（此外，选择低矮或腿张开的家具）符合语境。【19题详解】上文说通过在空间中放一个超大的垂直镜子来突出房间的垂直特性，以帮助将更多的光线反射回房间，下文又提到不要让生活空间显得很乱，此处讲的是增加房间动感的另一种布置方法，故G项（在你确实需要布料货窗帘的地方，选择浅色的布料）符合语境。【20题详解】根据本段内容，特
63、别是“All interior designers will agree that going with light colors is the best way to achieve a bigger space visually.”可知，浅色是视觉上获得更大空间的最佳方式，故B项（保持颜色明亮）符合语境。第二部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)When the 28-year-old farmer Ureta met 17-year-old Graciela in his hometown Pampa, they fell in love
64、. Two years later, they _21_ and settled down (定居)on the farm where Ureta had been brought up.Graciela had many big _22_ for the farm in her mind. One day when she was on a _23_over Pampa, Graciela suddenly _24_that another farm looked like a milking pail (桶). Graciela thought her family could creat
65、e something even more _25_on their own farm-a huge forest _26_ like her favorite musical instrument-the guitar.But Ureta didnt take his wifes _27_seriously, saying, Well talk about it later. Later _28_ came. In 1977, Graciela died suddenly of brain cancer at the _29_ age of 25 while carrying their f
66、ifth child. After his wifes death, Mr. Ureta _30_ not satisfying her wish. A few years later, Ureta decided that the best way to honor his wife would be to _31_ the big work of art.After the local government _32_ to help with the project, Ureta and his children took it on their own. One by one, they
67、 _33_ about 7,000 trees into the shape of a guitar. It took a few seasons for the trees to take roots(生根),but Uretas _34_ paid off.Watching the forest grow over the years gave Gracielas children_35_ It was the closest thing possible to having my mother alive, Maria Julia, Uretas second daughter, sai
68、d.21. A. got preparedB. got marriedC. became well-knownD. became stressed22. A. testsB. tasksC. reasonsD. plans23. A. trainB. flightC. cloudD. bridge24. A. noticedB. rememberedC. recognizedD. expected25. A. expensiveB. funnyC. attractiveD. important26. A. treatedB. describedC. consideredD. shaped27.
69、 A. styleB. personalityC. ideaD. adventure28. A. hardlyB. neverC. stillD. always29. A. youngB. oldC. common D. special30. A. keptB. suggestedC. enjoyedD. regretted31. A. copyB. paintC. createD. change32. A. promisedB. decidedC. volunteeredD. refused .33. A. plantedB. carriedC. putD. collected34. A.
70、small dreamB. hard workC. big successD. private money35. A. pleasureB. comfortC. supportD. care【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了Ureta在妻子Graciela死后，为了实现妻子生前的愿望，种植了7000棵树并塑造成一个吉他的形状，以此来纪念妻子，森林也给了孩子们安慰。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：两
71、年后，他们结婚了，在Ureta长大的农场里定居下来。A. got prepared准备好；B. got married结婚；C. became well-known变得出名；D. became stressed变得紧张。结合上文they fell in love可知他们相爱两年后结婚了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Graciela心中有许多关于农场的宏伟计划。A. tests测试；B. tasks任务；C. reasons理由；D. plans计划。结合下文for the farm in her mind可知Graciela心中有许多关于农场的计划。故选D。【23题详解】考查
72、名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当Graciela乘飞机飞越Pampa时，她突然注意到另一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶。A. train火车；B. flight航班；C. cloud云；D. bridge桥梁。根据下文that another farm looked like a milking pail可推知是在空中看到一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶，可推测是在乘飞机的时候。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当Graciela乘飞机飞越Pampa时，她突然注意到另一个农场看起来像一个挤奶桶。A. noticed注意到；B. remembered记住；C. recognized辨认；D.
73、expected期待。根据下文that another farm looked like a milking pail可知她注意到一个农场的形状看起来像一样挤奶桶。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Graciela认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更有吸引力的东西一片巨大的森林，形状就像她最喜欢的乐器吉他。A. expensive昂贵的；B. funny有趣的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. important重要的。结合下文like her favorite musical instrument-the guitar可知她认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更有吸
74、引力的东西，形状就像一个吉他。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Graciela认为她的家人可以在自己的农场里创造出更有吸引力的东西一片巨大的森林，形状就像她最喜欢的乐器吉他。A. treated对待；B. described描述；C. considered考虑；D. shaped成形。结合下文like her favorite musical instrument-the guitar可知是形状像喜欢的乐器吉他。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事，他说:“我们以后再谈吧。”A. style风格；B. personality个性；
75、C. idea想法；D. adventure冒险。结合下文Well talk about it later. 可知Ureta并没有把他妻子的想法当回事，故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来再也没来。A. hardly几乎不；B. never从不；C. still仍然；D. always总是。根据下文In 1977, Graciela died suddenly of brain cancer可知Ureta说的“以后再谈”因为Graciela的去世再也没有来到。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1977年，25岁的Graciela在怀第五个孩子时突然死于脑癌。A. y
76、oung年轻的；B. old老的；C. common共同的；D. special特别的。根据下文age of 25可知Graciela死时只有25岁，是一个年轻的岁数。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：妻子死后，Ureta先生后悔没有满足她的愿望。A. kept保持；B. suggested建议；C. enjoyed享受；D. regretted后悔。结合后文not satisfying her wish可知Ureta先生后悔没有满足妻子的愿望。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，Ureta决定，纪念他妻子的最好方式就是创作这件伟大的艺术品。A. copy复制；B
77、. paint绘画；C. create创造；D. change改变。结合后文Ureta为了纪念妻子，于是实现了当初妻子的愿望创造出了“吉他形状”，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在当地政府拒绝支助这个项目后，Ureta和他的孩子们自己承担了这个项目。A. promised承诺；B. decided决定；C. volunteered志愿；D. refused拒绝。结合后文Ureta and his children took it on their own.可知政府拒绝支助这个项目。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一个接一个地种下了大约7000棵树，做成“吉他形状
78、”。A. planted种植；B. carried搬运；C. put放置；D. collected收集。结合后文about 7,000 trees可知种植了7000棵树。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：这些树花了几个季节才生根，但Ureta的努力得到了回报。A. small dream小梦想；B. hard work努力工作；C. big success巨大成功；D. private money私人资金。结合上文about 7,000 trees into the shape of a guitar. It took a few seasons for the trees to
79、take roots,but可知Ureta为此付出了巨大的努力，他的努力最终也得到了回报。故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着森林年复一年地生长，Graciela的孩子们得到了安慰。A. pleasure快乐；B. comfort安慰；C. support支持；D. care关心。结合后文It was the closest thing possible to having my mother alive, Maria Julia, Uretas second daughter, said.可知森林使得Graciela孩子们也得到了安慰。故选B。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5
80、分, 满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Moons near side，the one we all see，has been the target of many robotic and human missions.However，its far side，also _36_ (call)the dark side because it faces away from the Earth and little _37_ (know)about it，has never been explored.That changed on Jan.2，2
81、019，when Chinese spacecraft Change 4 made a soft landing on _38_ is often referred to as the dark side.The landing is _39_ example of Chinas growing desire _40_ (compete)with the American，Russian and European space programs.China also wants to _41_ (strength)its position as a regional and internatio
82、nal power.One of the great _42_ (difficulty)in exploring the far side of the Moon is that it blocks all radio signals，_43_ (make)it impossible to communicate with the Earth.To overcome this difficulty，in 2017，the Chinese National Space Administration launched a satellite to orbit the Moon and relay
83、the signals.Once a _44_ (rely)communication path was in place，Change 4 could send back information.Change 4 will make astronomical observations and examine the structure and mineral composition of the ground above and below the surface，_45_ researchers believe will provide insights into the solar sy
84、stems early days and perhaps even the origin of the first stars.【答案】36. called 37. is known 38. what 39. an 40. to compete 41. strengthen 42. difficulties 43. making 44. reliable 45. which【解析】【分析】本文属于新闻，介绍嫦娥四号的相关信息及发射使命。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是，它较远的那一面，也叫做暗月面，因为没有面对地球，人们知之甚少，也从来没有去探索过。分析句子可知，call作非谓语动词，
85、与其逻辑主语far side为动宾关系，故用过去分词called。【37题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：但是，它较远的那一面，也叫做暗月面，因为没有面对地球，人们知之甚少，也从来没有去探索过。分析句子可知，由于有and并列，故know与faces并列作谓语，与其主语it为动宾关系，故用被动语态，陈述现在事实，故用一般现在时，综述用is known。【38题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这种情况在2019年1月2日发生了改变，在那一天，嫦娥四号在月球的暗月面软着陆。分析句子可知，is often referred to as the dark side.为从句作landing on的宾语，从句缺
86、乏主语，故用what。【39题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：这次着陆是中国越来越大的企图要与美国、俄罗斯以及法国空间项目竞争的一个例子。Example为可数名词，第一次提及，故用不定冠词an。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这次着陆是中国越来越大企图要与美国、俄罗斯以及法国空间项目竞争的一个例子。分析句子可知，compete作定语修饰desire，故用不定式to compete。【41题详解】考查动词。句意：同时，中国也想加强地区性和国际间的影响。分析句子可知，不定式to后接动词原形，故用strengthen。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：探索月球暗月面最大困难之一就是月球阻挡了信号，让暗
87、月面和地球进行通讯成为不可能。One of后接可数名词复数，difficulty在这里指代具体的事情，困难的事情，故谓可数，故用复数形式difficulties。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：探索月球暗月面最大困难之一就是月球阻挡了信号，让暗月面和地球进行通讯成为不可能。分析句子可知，make作非谓语动词，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，故用现在分词形式making。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：一旦一个可靠的信号站就位，那么嫦娥四号就会发回信号。修饰名词用形容词，故用reliable。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：嫦娥四号将会进行天文观测，分析检测月球表面和地下的结构和矿物组成成
88、分，这些信息，研究人员认为可以帮助我们了解太阳系早期信息，甚至第一批星星起源的信息。分析句子可知，researchers believe will provide insights into the solar systems early days and perhaps even the origin of the first stars.为非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子，从句中缺乏主语，其中researchers believe为插入语，故用关系代词which。【点睛】What的用法。一、用作疑问代词，用来构成特殊疑问句：1. 与表示人的名词或人称代词连用，用来提问对方或第三者的职业或身
89、份。例如：What is Comrade Liu? 刘同志是做什么的？2. 与介词like连用，表示“怎么样”和“象什么”的意思。例如：What is the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？3. 与about连用，用来表示征求意见或询问消息，表示“对于怎么样”的意思。例如：What (is your opinion) about going out for a walk? 我们出去散散步怎么样？二、用来构成感叹句，表示“多么”的意思。例如：What a happy life we are living!三、用作连接代词，用来引导主语从句，宾语从句和表语从句。例如：Wh
90、at you said just now is very important. 你刚才说的很重要。（引导主语从句）此外，what可用在不定式前，和不定式一起在句中作宾语、主语或表语。例如：I dont know what to do. 我不知道该做什么好。What to do has not been decided yet. 做什么还未决定。第三部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)46. 书面表达假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Ms Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）。注意： 1.
91、 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Ms Jenkins,I am Li Hua. I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to do me a favor.In order to get some practical experience, I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capital company. I have alr
92、eady finished my job application and personal resume. But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume, so I dont even know if there are something to pay attention to. So, Im writing you the letter , hoping you can give me some help. I will be very grateful if yo
93、u can help me.Looking forward to your reply. And Id be really thankful.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【详解】本文是一篇考生们熟悉的书信类体裁的书面表达，内容贴近学生生活，所以人人有话可说。文章没有给出开头和结尾，所以考生要注意书信的格式，包括称呼语，正文以及结束语等。在写作时要注意先列出写作要点，而且要注意将来时、现在时以及现在完成时的交错使用；注意使用高级句式和多种结构的使用，而且语气要委婉礼貌。本文是一篇较为优秀的范文。格式正确，要点全面，语言通顺流畅，很好地完成了写作任务。在本文中开头提出写信的目的，然后具体讲述自
94、己的困难，再提出请求，最后表达自己的感激之情。所以在内容上逻辑性较强。此外，作者还使用了不定式短语In order to get some practical experience, 现在分词短语hoping you can give me some help, 宾语从句if there are something to pay attention to等。经典句式this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume也是文章的亮点所在。第二节 (满分25分)47. 阅读下面短文，根据所
95、给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow perched(栖息)on their window.The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.” After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the seco
96、nd time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I have just now told you that its a crow!”After a little while, the old father again asked his son for the third time, “What is this?”At this time some expression of irritation (恼怒)was felt in the sons tone when he said to his father with a rebuff(生硬回绝
97、). “Its a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son the fourth time, “What is this?”This time, the son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again, although I have told you so many times IT IS A CROW? Are you not able to understand th
98、is?”A little while later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered(发皱的)diary, which he had maintained since his son was born.On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page.When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary:Today my little son aged three w
99、as sitting with me on the sofa when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent
100、 son.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好.Paragraph 1:After reading the diary, _Paragraph 2:Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father. _【答案】Paragraph 1:After reading the diary, the son was filled with tears and began to reflect on the days when he used to sit together wit
101、h his father. His father would patiently answer the same question all 23 times without feeling irritation while his father asked him the same question just four times! The son thought to himself: If I attain old age, how will my son look at me? Will he think of me as a burden? Will he shout at me be
102、cause of my poor sight, poor hearing or poor understanding?Paragraph 2:Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father.He made an apology to his father, begging his father to forgive him for his bad behavior. He said this aloud, “I promise to see you happy forever, Dad. It is you wh
103、o have cared for me since I was a little child, showering your selfless affection on me. You worked hard to make money so that I could afford to go to university. I will serve you in the best day.”【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了父亲问了儿子四次“这是什么”，儿子回答是乌鸦后开始厌烦。父亲拿出以前记录不厌其烦回答儿子23遍同样问题的日记让儿子看。儿子看后陷入反思，对自己的不良行为感到愧疚，
104、向父亲道歉并表示未来会善待父亲。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“看完日记后”可知，第一段可写儿子读完日记后的感受，可以描述儿子看完日记后对自己之前的态度感到了后悔和自责。由第二段首句内容“儿子感到很羞愧，在父亲面前跪下了。”可知，第二段可描写作者想陪他一起回家，但他委婉地拒绝。写读完日记后的做法，可以描述儿子感到惭愧后向父亲道歉，恳求父亲的原谅，以后会像父亲对待自己那样孝敬尊敬父亲。2.续写线索：羞愧反思道歉请求原谅3.词汇激活行为类反省：reflect on/ introspect/rethink.询问：question sb on sth/ask sb about sth/ inq
105、uire of sb about sth情绪类.生气：be angry with/get mad at.幸福的：eudaemonic/blessed/beatific【点睛】高分句型1：the son was filled with tears and began to reflect on the days when he used to sit together with his father. （由when引导的定语从句）高分句型2：It is you who have cared for me since I was a little child, showering your selfless affection on me. （强调句型。）
