1、.高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_ vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发_ n废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产_ vt.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境_ vt.毁坏；破坏；消灭_ vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏_ vt.& n救援；营救_ n& vt.损失；损害_ vt.表达；表示 n快车；速递judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决_ n判断injure vt.损害；伤害 _ adj.受伤的_ n伤害；损害frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬_ adj.受惊的；受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的shock n休克；震惊；打击 vt.& vi.使震惊；震动_ adj.震惊的_ adj.令人震惊的答案bur
2、struintrapdestroyburyrescue damageexpressjudgment injured；injuryfrightened；frighteningshocked；shocking2常考词汇congratulation n_pl._event n_suffering n_disaster n_shelter n_sincerely adv._track n_nation n_national adj. _useless adj._ useful adj._extreme adj._ extremely adv._答案祝贺贺词事件；大事苦难；痛苦灾难；灾祸遮蔽处；避身处；
3、掩蔽真诚地；真挚地轨道；足迹；痕迹民族；国家；国民国家的，民族的 无用的；无效的；无益的有用的极度的极其，非常用所给单词的适当形式填空1Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of _ (nation)emergency.(2016北京，阅读D)2But in Indonesia _ (extreme)dry forests are in flames.(2016江苏，阅读C)3Larry told her that she should not move in case she _ (injure)her neck.(
4、2016全国，完形)4The art world gave me a chance _ (express)myself without words.(2016天津，阅读表达)5Even in its current state，the Internet has extended my memory and _ (judge)(2016江苏，任务型阅读)6A sudden stop can be a very _ (frighten)experience，especially if you are travelling at high speed.(2016浙江，13)7Many of the
5、images were stored in the _ (damage)wooden ship.(2016全国，阅读D)8She encouraged a sense of community by creating _ (shelter)and promoting education and services for people in need.(2016全国，阅读A)9The people _ (trap)in highrise buildings inspired Natalie most.(2016北京，阅读B)10After hearing about this _ (shock)
6、 news，they were _ (shock) to open their mouths.答案1.national2.extremely 3injured4.to express5.judgment 6frightening7.damaged8.shelters 9trapped10.shocking；shocked【联想积累】过去式、过去分词仍是动词原形的不规则动词小结burst 破裂；爆发cut切，剪，割，削hurt 伤害broadcast 播放cost 花费set 放置shut 关闭split 撕裂spread 伸展，张开upset 扰乱“真诚，诚实”家族sincere adj.真诚
7、的；sincerely adv.真诚地genuine adj.真诚的，真心的；genuinely adv.真诚地，诚实地hearty adj.亲切的，真诚的，热诚的pure-hearted adj.真诚的honest adj.诚实的，正直的；honesty n诚实，正直，坦诚“adj.-ityn.”荟萃electricity 电 popularity 受欢迎，流行reality 现实similarity 相似点security 安全equality 平等nationality 国籍personality 个性activity 活动majority 大多数.重点短语识记思考运用1be过去分词/形
8、容词介词be _ in 埋头于be _ in 陷入be _ of 以而自豪答案buriedtrapped proud2介词名词_ an end 结束；终结in _ 严重受损；破败不堪答案atruins3其他形式dig _ 掘出；发现_ from 从判断right _ 立刻；马上think _ of 以为没什么了不起a (great)number _ 许多；大量的_ if 仿佛；好像答案outjudgingaway little/nothingofas用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1When they returned to Rockaway the next day，they found the
9、ir neighborhood _(2016北京，阅读B)2Just wait a few minutes.Well be back _3She _ the burning house，which worried her parents.4Mr.Zhang thinks much of his work.But _ money.5I felt a little dizzy，_ I had just woken from a long sleep.答案1.in ruins2.right away 3was trapped in4.thinks little/nothing of5.as if【联
10、想积累】“inn.”表状态集锦in battle 在战斗中in tears 流着泪，在哭着in debt 负债，欠账in place 在合适的位置，适当的in danger 在危险中in trouble/difficulty 处于困境中in sight 被见到，在视线之内in order秩序井然，整齐.经典句式识记思考运用原句背诵感悟1In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农场里，鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。2Then，later that afternoon，another big qua
11、ke which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.接着，在下午晚些时候，又一次强度几乎和第一次一样的地震在唐山爆发了。3Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。句型公式仿写1too.to.结构But I am _ (年龄太大不能爬)high to get the best fruit.2as.as.结构I think your suggestion is _ (和他们的一样宝贵)This is _ (和一样好的
12、例子)the other is.3everywhere引导地点状语从句_(凡我所到之处)I find the same thing.答案1.too old to climb2.as valuable as theirsas good an example as3.Everywhere I go【联想积累】too.to.全掌握(1)too.to.太而不能(2)too.to.与not或never连用时，意为“无论也不过分，越越好”。(3)only/just/but too.to.非常去做(too前的only，just，but不仅没有否定意义，反而加重了too的肯定语气)(4)too ready/e
13、asy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.to.句型表示肯定，作“过于、太”解。单 词 点 睛高考必备词汇精讲精练1ruin vt.毁灭；使破产 n废墟；毁灭高考佳句Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Dont let negativity ruin your motivation.(2015福建，阅读E)然后确保你周围的人都是支持你的。不要让消极情绪毁掉你的动机。in ruins毁坏；成为废墟come/go/fall to ruin毁灭；灭亡；崩溃bring.to rui
14、n使失败；使毁坏单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用The farm has long been abandoned and come _ ruin.With time going on，the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruin.Many village communities feel their countryside _ the power-producing machines of wind farms.(2014福建，阅读E)许多乡村社区觉得自己的乡村正在被风力发电厂的发电机毁掉。答案toruin
15、ruinsis being ruined by2burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发教材原句In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，一些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(1)burst in 突然闯进；突然出现burst into.闯入burst out 突然迸发；爆发；突然激动地喊叫burst into laughterburst out laughing突然大笑起来burst into tearsburst out crying突然大哭起来(2)a burst of 一阵a burst of
16、laughter一阵大笑【特别提醒】burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思，但burst into后面接名词，burst out后面接动名词。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst _，particularly when there are reasons to do so.(2016北京，阅读D)The other two boys jumped up with fright，staring at Tom.Suddenly，they bu
17、rst into laughing.It was not until I came back from the meeting that I found _ (我的房子有人闯入了)答案outintoout或laughinglaughter my house (was)burst into3injure vt.损害；伤害；损坏(名誉)；伤害(感情)教材原句Two-thirds of them died or were injured.2/3的人在地震中死去或受伤。(1)be/get injured受伤(2)injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的the injured伤者，伤员(3)injury
18、 n伤，伤口，伤害do sb an injury/do an injury to sb 伤害某人单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用I was wearing a seatbelt.If I hadnt been wearing one，I _(injure)(2016天津，15)But now，because my left foot injured in the football game，I cannot go with you as planned.(2014北京，书面表达)Dont do that.Youll _ (把自己弄伤的)答案would have been injuredinju
19、red前加got/wasinjure yourself/do yourself an injury/do an injury to yourself4bury v埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；沉浸教材原句The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。bury sth in.把埋在bury oneself in埋头于，专心于be buried in (doing)sth专心致志于(做)某事be buried in thought在沉思中【特别提醒
20、】表示“专心于，致力于”的表达还有：be devoted to；be absorbed in；be lost in；be occupied in；focus/concentrate on；fix ones attention on等。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Mumbets tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she _(bury)(2014山东，阅读C)Mumbet的墓碑仍然屹立在她被埋葬的马萨诸塞州的墓地里。Burying in the interesting TV program，I didnt he
21、ar the doorbell ringing._(因为专心于电影)，she didnt know it was snowing outside.答案was buriedBuryingBuried或在Burying后加myselfBecause she buried herself in the film/Because she was buried in the film/Burying herself in the film/Buried in the film常考必会词汇理解辨认1judge n法官；裁判员 vt.判断；断定；判决教材原句Your speech was heard by
22、a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)Wearing proper clothes is important too，for locals will judge you _ what you wear.(2014重庆，完形B)_ (judge)from the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.We hav
23、e some advice for the two parties: publish the report，and let the country be the judge.(2014福建，阅读E)Very quickly，she learned to appreciate life rather than to judge everything so harshly(刻薄地)(2015福建，完形)答案by/fromJudging当裁判评判一切【特别提醒】judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词形式作状语而不用过去分词形式。2trap vt
24、.使陷入困境 n陷阱；困境教材原句Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)Humans are no less _ (trap)by light pollution than the frogs.(2015浙江，阅读C)The pony(小马驹)had actually been trapped between two rocks.(2015湖北，阅读A)Having been trapped in the mine
25、for two days，the miners finally were rescued.答案trapped被困在了两块岩石之间被困在矿井里短 语 点 拨1think little of 不重视，轻视教材原句But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night.但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。(1)think highly/well/a lot/much of.对评价高be well/highly
26、 thought of 被高度评价think poorly/badly/little/nothing of.对评价不高；不重视(2)speak highly/well of.高度赞扬speak ill of.说的坏话(3)sing high praise for.高度赞扬，对评价高单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用He came up with a good suggestion at the meeting，but his boss thought little _ it.She thinks nothing of walk thirty miles a day.As a young lead
27、er，he _(受到高度评价)答案ofwalkwalkingis well/highly thought of2at an end 结束，终结教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了！(1)at the end of在尽头；在末端(指时间或空间的一个终点)by the end of到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end最后；终于(2)come to an end结束put/bring sth to an end结束put an end to sth 结束；终结单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用As soon a
28、s you hear it，you know the meeting is _ an end.(2012广东，阅读A)By the end of next month，we _ (finish)all our task.The meeting came to end and he set down many key points.The accident _ (终结我的梦想) of becoming an Olympic athlete.答案atwill have finishedend前加anput an end to my dream/put/brought my dream to an
29、end句 式 透 析1教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了！(1)as if/as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，可用陈述语气。(2)as ifto do好像要【特别提醒】as though/if引导状语从句时，若主、从句主语一致，从句谓语是be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略，即“as though/if形容词/名词/介词短语/分词/不定式”。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用He opened his mouth as if _ (say)something.John p
30、retends as if he doesnt know the thing at all，but in fact he knows it very well.It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me _ (好像我做的)？(2014重庆，13)答案to saydoesnt didntas if/though I had done it2教材原句All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。(1)部分否定all.not.not all.并非所有的都。(2)具有总括意义的代词(each，everybo
31、dy，everything，all，both等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”。(3)no，none，no one，neither，nothing等表示完全否定。单句改错/写作运用I agree with most of what you said，but I dont agree with something.I love running，but no everybody is born to be a runner.Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs，because _(并非他们中的所有人都胜任
32、这些工作)答案somethingeverythingnonotnot all of them are fit for them/all of them arent fit for them.单句语法填空1Moreover，I can find out whether my reactions to _ event are reasonable enough by reading about those of others on the Internet.(2016江苏，任务型阅读)2When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane，sh
33、e found that her neighborhood _(destroy)(2016北京，阅读B)3When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”，I _(shock)(2016天津，阅读B)4Now，electric shock training and medical treatment are helping _(rescue) these big birds.(2016北京，阅读C)5Youll need a warm，_(shelter) place with perfect soil to grow it.
34、(2016全国，阅读C)6Natalies school was so _(damage) that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.(2016北京，阅读B)7While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges，we must also make it safe _(express) opinions and challenge majority views.(2016北京，阅读D)8A great number of children whose parents ha
35、d died in the earthquake _(send)to live with families in other cities.9On arriving there，we expressed our _(congratulate) to him on his success.10Upon graduation from school，how well will you _(prepare) for the job that lies ahead?答案1.an2.was destroyed3.was shocked4.to rescue5.sheltered6.damaged7.to
36、 express8.were sent9.congratulations10.be prepared.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1It was both excited and frightening to be up there！(2016浙江，短文改错)2I was trapped to telling the cheat all I knew.3It was such shock to hear that you were in an accident.4He was on the point of starting out while Harran cut in.5Following
37、the girl，we went into a hall，on which walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists.6As China develops fast and steadily，a number of foreigners is learning Chinese as a second language.7But the people of the city，they thought little of these events，went to bed as usual that night.8The express
38、train arrived on schedule as usually.9Luckily for him，he survived from the car crash.10I want to make use of this opportunity to express congratulations in your success.答案1.excitedexciting2.tointo3.shock前加a4whilewhen5.whichwhose6.isare7.theywho8.usuallyusual9.去掉from10.inon.单元考点作文串记(一)根据提示翻译句子12014年8
39、月3日，云南省鲁甸经历了一场特大地震。(see)_2许多车辆被困在路上。(a number of，trap)_3人们被迫步行去地震灾区。(force，head for)_4政府号召全体军民积极参与救援活动。(call on，take part in)_5我坚信：团结，我们就会强大。(believe)_ (二)加入适当过渡词，连句成篇答案(一)1.On August 3rd，2014，Ludian，Yunnan Province saw an extreme earthquake.2A large number of vehicles were trapped on the roads.3Peo
40、ple were forced to head for the earthquake-stricken area on foot.4The government called on all citizens and soldiers to take an active part in the rescues.5I firmly believe that united，we are strong.(二)【参考范文】On August 3rd，2014，Ludian，Yunnan Province saw an extreme earthquake.As a result，a large numb
41、er of vehicles were trapped on the roads and people were forced to head for the earthquake-stricken area on foot.The government called on all citizens and soldiers to take an active part in the rescues.I firmly believe that united，we are strong.阅读理解Though larger cities were mostly spared，Sundays tor
42、nadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the US.One of the hardest hit was Van，Texas，a town of about 2，600 people located 70 miles southeast of Dallas.Winds there reached up to 140 miles per hour and damaged about 30 percent of the area.Weather experts say it was the strongest tornado to hit
43、 the town in more than 70 years.Emergency workers in Van moved quickly to help those affected，but two people were killed and more than two dozen were injured by the tornados winds.A driver in the nearby town of Corsicana was killed by floodwaters that had risen after the storm.In Lake City，Iowa，a to
44、rnado tore the roof off South Central Calhoun High School.One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the schools basement，and all escaped without major harm.Nine people were injured in the 130-mph winds of a tornado that touched down in Delmont，South Dakota，but tornadoes werent the o
45、nly severe weather that state saw on Sunday.Residents in the Black Hills region were faced with a late-spring snowfall of 10 to 18 inches.Scientists measure tornadoes using the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale.It categorizes tornadoes based on the amount of damage they cause and their estimated wind speed
46、.EF1 tornadoes are the weakest，while EF5 tornadoes are the severest.The tornado in Van was categorized as an EF3.Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central US.This is why that part of the country is nicknamed (给起绰号) Tornado Alley.Though this past weekends storms w
47、ere damaging，they were not abnormal for this time of year.More tornadoes hit the US.in May than in any other month，according to the National Weather Service (NWS)“Weve had at least one tornado reported somewhere in the nation every day since May 2，” weather expert Greg Carbin said.“Its a dangerous t
48、ime of year.”【语篇解读】本文是说明文。龙卷风席卷了美国中部。1Which part of the US.was hit by tornadoes on Sunday?AThe central part. BThe eastern part.CThe western part. DThe southern part.答案A细节理解题。由第一段中的Sundays tornadoes damaged some small towns in the middle of the US.可知，周日美国中部受到了龙卷风的袭击。2What happened to people in South
49、Central Calhoun High School?AThey were killed by floodwaters.BThey survived the tornado luckily.CThey were badly hurt by the storm.DThey were not influenced by the tornado.答案B推理判断题。由第三段中的One hundred and fifty people had gathered in the safety of the schools basement，and all escaped without major har
50、m可推断学校的人因为提前躲到了地下室里而很幸运地从龙卷风中幸存下来。3Which tornadoes are the strongest?AEF1 tornadoes. BEF3 tornadoes.CEF4 tornadoes. DEF5 tornadoes.答案D细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的while EF5 tornadoes are the severest 可知。4The nickname Tornado Alley is connected with_Aa weather expertBthe areas climateCthe areas landformDthe creatio
51、n of the EF Scale答案B推理判断题。由倒数第二段开头的Although tornadoes can happen in any state，they are most common in the central US.Tornado Alley可知，美国中部之所以有“龙卷风巷”的绰号是因为这一地区经常遭遇龙卷风。据此可推断，该绰号和该地的气候有关系。.阅读七选五A young lady was standing on the corner with a map in her hand.She looked puzzled._1_I wondered why.Maybe it w
52、as because of the way she was dressed.She wore a dirty dress and looked pale.As I crossed the street and came closer to her I asked if she wanted help._2_As it turned out she was looking for the hospital.I felt wonderful just reaching out，and taking that extra moment to help.Many times in these situ
53、ations I end up walking a person to where he or she is going when giving directions would be too complicated._3_Many years ago，we travelled in Japan and needed directions.A kind Japanese who saw our problem came to us and helped us out.This man just took my heavy bags and guided us to where we neede
54、d to be.We could not speak any Japanese while the man could not speak any English._4_Sometimes when I do a special favor for a stranger，the person will say，“I hope I can do something for you one day to return the favor.”_5_But I hope that when they come across a situation where someone needs their h
55、elp，they will be willing to reach out as well.AAlthough we could not communicate through words，we communicated through the heart.BThey already have done something for me by giving me the opportunity to help them.CI like helping people this way due to my own experience.DSeveral people passed by，looke
56、d at her but did not stop.EIt is never too late to do others a favor.FThese words made me feel quite warm.GShe thanked me and smiled in relief.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。作者乐于助人是因为自己一次受人帮助的经历，他希望大家都能在别人需要时伸出援助之手。1D根据下文作者帮助这位女士可知，当时“很多人都从她身边经过并看着她，但没人停下脚步”。2G有人来帮助自己，这位女士应该是“表示感谢并如释重负地笑了笑”。3C根据本空后作者在日本旅游时的经历可知，C项符合此
57、处语境。4A根据本空前一句可知，作者不会说日语，而那位男士不会说英语。“尽管我们不能用语言沟通，但是我们通过心灵沟通”。5B根据本空前后句内容可知，受作者帮助的人希望能回馈作者的恩惠，作者认为“他们已经给我机会让我去帮助他们”，不过我希望他们能在别人需要时也伸出援助之手。.短文改错The girl I will always remember her is Mary，who was my classmate seven year ago.She was quiet，always greeted the teachers at our school and never spoke ill any
58、one.At that time，all the kids in my class included me were impolite，never listening to the teachers.Therefore，Mary was always so polite.One day I asked her what she wasnt like the rest of us so what she told me changed the way I acted.She said，“If you ever want to be respectful in life，you have to r
59、espect others.” Heard what she said，I started respecting others more and telling another people what I had been told.答案The girl I will always remember is Mary，who was my classmate seven ago.She was quiet，always greeted the teachers at our school and never spoke ill anyone.At that time，all the kids i
60、n my class me were impolite，never listening to the teachers.，Mary was always so polite.One day I asked her she wasnt like the rest of us what she told me changed the way I acted.She said，“If you ever want to be in life，you have to respect others.” what she said，I started respecting others more and t
61、elling people what I had been told.书面表达假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。请你围绕“珍爱环境，保护地球”的主题用英语给全校学生写一份倡议书，内容包括：1保护环境的重要性；2个人应该如何做。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear friends，Thanks.【参考范文】Dear_friends，With the development of modern agriculture and industry，large quantities of waste gases are created every day，which a
62、re making the earth warmer and warmer.Climate change may be a big problem，but there are many little things we can do to make a difference.For example，by turning off lights，televisions，and computers when we are not using them，we can help a lot.We can save energy by taking the bus，riding a bike，or walking.Planting trees is fun and a great way to reduce greenhouse gases.Only by our joint efforts will we make the world a better place for us to live in.Thanks.
