1、Nicolaus CopernicusBirth:February 19,1473Death:May 24,1543Place of Birth:Toru,PolandCareer:1491-1494 Studied mathematics at Krakw Academy1496 Went to Italy to study astronomy and law at the University of BolognaNicolas Copernicus1497 Began observations of the Sun,Moon,and planets 1514 Wrote Commenta
2、riolus,an outline of his astronomical ideas,but did not circulate it widely1543 Published De RevolutionibusOrbium Coelestium(On the Revolutions of the Celestial)Nicolas CopernicusWe all know something about Copernicus.He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect inf
3、ormation.He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets goes around it.1.At Copernicus time,Christian Church 2.was in charge of many western 3.countries.TRead the passage quickly,and tell whether the following statements are true or false.3.Copernicus didnt show hi
4、s new theory to his friends until he completed it.4.His friends were not interested in his ideas.TF2.Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth,some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.F5.Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church,Copernicus published his book as soon a
5、s he finished working on it.6.Newton,Einstein,and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.FTRead the passage carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe.Before Copernicus theoryShowing Copernicus theoryA diagram showing the solar system with the E
6、arth at its centreA diagram showing the solar system with the Sun at its centreAnalyze the following picture carefully and try to explain how a loop is formed.1).Mao Zedong is the great leader of the Chinese R_.evolution1.Fill in the blankets with proper words.2).The Invention of the computer caused
7、 a r_ in our way of living.evolution3).Sun Zhongsan is a great r_ leader.4).Yuan Longping created a r_ new way of growing rice.evolutionaryevolutionary1).to have a clear meaning No matter how I tried to read it,the sentence didnt make sense.It makes sense to take care of your health.2).to be wise co
8、urse of action2.make sense3.spinspunspin a topa spinning coina spinning wheelspunspinning We span the coin to see who would have first turn.I spun around to see who had spoken.4.enthusiastic:be interested inShes very _ singing.We explain our plan,and he is very _.enthusiastic about/overenthusiastice
9、nthusiastic enthusiasm enthusiastically She shows boundless _ for the work.She greeted him _ with a kiss.She is very _ about Eastern music.enthusiasmenthusiasticallyenthusiastic5.cautious:careful to avoid riskbe cautious about/of sb./sth.cautiouslyThe bank is very cautious about lending money.银行在贷款方
10、面十分慎重。The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.My father is a very cautious driver.警卫告戒我要当心陌生人。我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。cautious;curiousa.Ive always been very _ about giving my address to strangers.b.He is very _ about the origin of mankind.cautiouscurious If you dont like Tom,you may r_ his gift.If
11、 you dont think the suggestion is suitable for you,you may r_ it.ejecteject6.reject:refuse to accept rejectan offera possibilitya theoryrefuse to acceptrejectedcandidate applicant 请选用方框内所给词的适当形式填空。Tom dreamed of joining the army when he was very young.He was very _ and made a plan to study hard.He w
12、as _ about the plan.But when he was about 16,he got a badbackward complete enthusiastic cautious rejectcautiousenthusiasticillness.Because of this,he was _ in his studies and also he was _ by the army.He was so sad that he almost fainted at the news.His parents suggested to him that he have other ch
13、oices.Then he followed his parents rejectedbackward complete enthusiastic cautious rejectbackwardadvice and decided to go to the west to help those poor students after he _ his studies in the pletedbackward complete enthusiastic cautious reject用适当的介词填空。1.The quarrel led _ the fighting between the tw
14、o villagers.2.He is always positive _ trying new ideas.3.His father is very strict _ him and strict _ his studies too.toaboutwithin4.We should base our theory _ fact.5.The photo calls up the memory of his childhood _ times.6.According to my point _ view,we should stick to our plan.onatofWhats Eulers
15、 puzzle?Koningsberg is an island and there is a river breaking it into two parts.“Seven Bridges of Konigsberg”and the famous“Euler path”.People wondered if they could walk around the city by crossing the seven bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself,but Euler found he c
16、ouldnt cross all the seven ones.This is Eulers puzzle.The first stage in his research is to find the problem that he could cross six of the bridges without going over any of them twice or going back on himself,but he couldnt cross all seven.How did Euler prepare for his research?The second stage is
17、to think of a method:He drew a map and used dots and lines to simplify his analysis.Trying and observing over and over again,he found a general rule.It is topology.Eulers theory is called“The Euler path”,which is expressed like this:If a figure has more than two odd points,you cannot go over it without lifting your pencil from the page or going over a line twice.What are the theories?So the general rule that Euler found is the even points and the odd points.Look at the following pictures:ConclusionEulers theory(一笔画)可以一笔画只有两种情况：1.没有奇数顶点。2.只有两个奇数顶点。
