1、高考题型分组训练阅读理解板块训练重细节，练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018安徽合肥第二次质量检测)Theaters of the PastThe Ancient Greek TheaterTheaters developed in many parts of Greece. Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. Due
2、 to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated(夸张的) action and speech. And, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.The Medieval TheaterThe Medieval theater started in churches. Thats why medieval plays were about Bible stories. At first, it became a custom for priests(牧师) to act out brief s
3、cenes during Christmas and Easter. These acts attracted large crowds. Finally the church refused to allow priests to participate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. Performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.The Elizabet
4、han TheaterThe Englands theaters developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the Spanish Navy. The dominant feature of Elizabethan theaters was the stage. It has three parts: The fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for var
5、ious purposes. The reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. This led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.The Res
6、toration TheaterSome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. Many specialized machines were used to create the scene. The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters(百叶窗) were painted with the scene.语篇解读：本文介绍了古代四个时期的剧院的不
7、同特点。1Why were ancient Greek theaters built on hills?ATo hold a large quantity of audiences.BTo build a big and strong stage.CTo have a better sound effect.DTo emphasize exaggerated performances.解析细节理解题。根据The Ancient Greek Theater中的“Ancient Greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conve
8、niently shaped hills. This allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time.”可知，古希腊时期的剧院建在山上是为了容纳更多的观众。答案A2In which theater could actors voices and speech help create scenes?AThe Ancient Greek Theater.BThe Medieval Theater.CThe Elizabethan Theater.DThe Restoration Theater.解析细节理解题。根据The Eliza
9、bethan Theater中的“Very little scenery was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues.”可知，在伊丽莎白一世时代的剧院，演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。答案C3What is special about the Restoration theater?AColorful masks were used.BThe stage was smartly designed.CMost of its plays were sorrowful.DOrdina
10、ry people were the performers.解析推理判断题。根据The Restoration Theater中的“The stage was a very clever idea, in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters(百叶窗) were painted with the scene.”可知，在王政复辟时期的剧院舞台设计巧妙。答案BB(2018湖南长沙一模)It is backtoschool time in the United States, which for many is bittersweet.
11、 The bitter part is saying goodbye to carefree, unscheduled summer days. The sweet part is saying hello to a new school year and school friends.However, going back to school can also be a stressful time for children and families. Every kid must make the change from easy summer life to routines, sche
12、dules and homework. Parents might also stress about spending extra money for a new school year. They often need to pay school fees or to buy new school clothes, sports equipment, musical instruments and school supplies.Backtoschool stress is different for different ages. Younger children may feel sc
13、ared to leave their families. Making new friends and dealing with bullying(欺负行为) can also cause stress for students. Older students may stress about their appearance, grades and getting into college. A 2013 survey by the American Psychological Association found that teens in the US are now as stress
14、ed as adults. A high percentage of the teens surveyed say they are stressed about getting into a good college (83%) or deciding what to do after high school (69%) and financial concerns for their family (65%)However, parents, teachers and children can all help to make the transition back to school e
15、asier.Mary Anne Aidala began teaching in the New York school system in 1962. She retired 39 years later, in 2001. She is an awardwinning teacher. She advises parents to focus on the basicsget enough sleep, eat healthy foods, and turn off electronics before bedtime.“Well, the first thing they (parent
16、s) have to do is to get them (children) on a schedule of sleep habits. And they should also make sure they have a good breakfast to keep their brains alert(机敏的). And maybe before they go to sleep every night they should start to read them a story or do something educational; so, they can start to re
17、activate their brains into using them.”语篇解读：本文主要讨论孩子和家长如何应对假期过后学生的“返校压力”：家长面临学杂费的压力；年龄较小的学生可能面临离开家人的压力；年龄较大的学生可能面临外表、分数及升学的压力。4How do most kids generally feel when their summer holiday is over?AEasy and energetic. BExcited and nervous.CFully occupied and tired. DScared and stressed.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的bi
18、ttersweet一词可知，学生对于新学期的到来感到既痛苦又甜蜜，也就是说，既兴奋又紧张。答案B5Why are some parents stressed out at the beginning of a new school year?AThey are anxious about school violence.BThey need to buy more clothes for children.CThey have an extra expense besides school fees.DThey are confused at the demand of musical ins
19、truments.解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Parents might also stress about spending extra money for a new school year. They often need to pay school fees or to buy new school clothes, sports equipment, musical instruments and school supplies.”可知，孩子上学意味着父母要承担不少的额外支出。答案C6What can we learn from what Mary Anne Aidala says
20、?AChildren should form a good habit of going to bed early.BNutrition must be put in the first place in childrens diet.CBedtime stories are helpful in developing childrens good qualities.DParents can do some simple things to help relieve childrens stress.解析推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，父母可以从日常生活起居方面缓解孩子的心理压力；由此推断，
21、父母可以从小事做起。答案D7Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ALessening School Burden on ChildrenBLiving a Happy and Healthy School LifeCDealing with Backtoschool StressDGetting School Life Back to Normal解析主旨大意题。文中主要讨论返校压力：家长面临学杂费的压力；年龄较小的学生可能面临离开家人的压力；年龄较大的学生可能面临外表、分数及升学的压力。答案CC(2018北
22、京卷)My First Marathon(马拉松)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.I remember back to my 7th year in school. In my first PE.class, the teacher required us to run laps
23、and then hit a softball. I didnt do either well. He later informed me that I was “not athletic”The idea that I was “not athletic” stuck with me for years. When I started running in my 30s, I realized running was a battle against myself, not about competition or whether or not I was athletic. It was
24、all about the battle against my own body and mind. A test of wills!The night before my marathon, I dreamt that I couldnt even find the finish line. I woke up sweating and nervous, but ready to prove something to myself.Shortly after crossing the start line, my shoe laces (鞋带) became untied. So I sto
25、pped to readjust. Not the start I wanted!At mile 3, I passed a sign: “GO FOR IT, RUNNERS！”By mile 17, I became out of breath and the once injured ankle hurt badly. Despite the pain, I stayed the course walking a bit and then running again.By mile 21, I was starving!As I approached mile 23 , I could
26、see my wife waving a sign. She is my biggest fan. She never minded the alarm clock sounding at 4 a. m. or questioned my expenses on running.I was one of the final runners to finish. But I finished ! And I got a medal. In fact, I got the same medal as the one that the guy who came in first place had.
27、Determined to be myself, move forward, free of shame and worldly labels (世俗标签) , I can now call myself a “marathon winner”语篇解读：作者在马拉松比赛前的一个月脚踝受了伤，他不得不休息两周，只剩另外两周训练，但作者决心参赛。在比赛中作者脚踝疼痛难忍，但仍靠强大的意志力继续跑到终点，最终得到了一枚奖牌。8A month before the marathon, the author _.Awas well trainedBfelt scaredCmade up his mind
28、 to runDlost hope解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的.this meant not running for two weeks, leaving me only two weeks to train. Yet, I was determined to go ahead.可知，虽然作者不得不休息两周而只能用剩余的另外两周训练，但作者决心参赛。答案C9Why did the author mention the PE.class in his 7th year?ATo acknowledge the support of his teacher.BTo amuse the reader
29、s with a funny story.CTo show he was not talented in sports.DTo share a precious memory.解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者提到在七年级的体育课上，自己跑圈和打垒球都做得不好，老师说他“不擅长运动”，这表明了作者在运动方面没有天赋。这与后文作者靠着自己的意志力完成马拉松比赛形成对比，更能突出意志力的重要性。故选C项。答案C10How was the authors first marathon?AHe made it. BHe quit halfway.CHe got the first prize. DH
30、e walked to the end.解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者虽然受了伤但还是跑到了终点，也就是说他成功了。A项意为“他成功了”。答案A11What does the story mainly tell us?AA man owes his success to his family support.BA winner is one with a great effort of will.CFailure is the mother of success.DOne is never too old to learn.解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者在脚踝受伤的情况下，仍靠着
31、坚强的意志力跑到终点而最终获得一枚奖牌。因此，文章主要告诉我们，胜利者是那些意志坚强的人。故选B项。答案BD(2018河北石家庄质量检测二)No spacecraft will ever land on the sun. The sun is a flaming ball of gas that reaches thousands of degrees Fahrenheit. But next year, a ship from Earth will fly closer to it than any manmade craft has flown before.The mission(任务)
32、 is a big development for scientists and, maybe, for everyone else.In September 2018, NASA plans to launch the Parker Solar Probe. After a journey of nearly 90 million miles, it will fly within 3.8 million miles of the sun. Within two months of launching, the probe is expected to reach the suns coro
33、na(日冕). Thats the suns outer atmosphere of gases.Getting there wont be easy. Designing a spacecraft tough enough to hold up to the suns heat has proved difficult. But that hasnt stopped engineers from trying. Temperatures in the corona can reach millions of degrees. The probe will limit itself to re
34、gions where things get no hotter than 2,500 . Thats still a heavy heat load for a spacecraft. But a 4.5inchthick heat shield(罩) will protect the probes camera and scientific instruments.NASA says the data the probe collects could provide knowledge into the physics of stars. Our sun is special to us.
35、 But as a star, its rather common. So the better we understand how it works, the better we understand all stars of its mass and color.Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms. During solar storms, charged particles stream through the solar system. They can disable
36、communication satellites and shut down power systems. One study has found that a very intense solar storm could cause up to $2 trillion in damage in the US alone. It could also black out the East Coast for a year.Understanding solar storms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves. That c
37、ould make even a mission with a billionplus price tag, one of NASAs great bargains.语篇解读：太阳表面的温度高达几千华氏度。美国航空航天局计划在2018年发射探测器到太阳附近。其目的是为预测太阳风暴，从而保护我们自己。12What can we learn about the probe?AIts the first manmade instrument to fly to the sun.BItll get to the core of the sun in nearly two months.CItll fl
38、y about 3.8 million miles to reach the corona.DItll fly closer to the sun than the previous ones.解析细节理解题。从第一段中的“fly closer to it than any manmade craft has flown before”可知D项正确。答案D13What is the challenge for the engineers?AReducing the temperature of the probe.BBuilding a shield against the heat.CLim
39、iting the probe to proper regions.DDirecting the probe to collect data.解析细节理解题。从第三段可知，太阳日冕的温度可达几百万度，接近太阳的探测器面临的挑战就是它的防护罩能够抗高温，以此来保护探测器的相机和科学仪器。答案B14What might be the best title?AGetting Close to the SunBDesigning a SpaceshipCProtecting the EarthDExploring the Star解析主旨大意题。从全文对太阳探测器的介绍可知，本文的主旨大意是人类试图发
40、射探测器去太阳附近。因此A项作为标题最合适。答案A15Where does the value of the mission lie?AExploring solar energy.BDeveloping scientific instruments.CForecasting solar storms.DMonitoring satellites.解析推理判断题。从文中倒数第二段的“Perhaps the most important is what the probe may show us about solar storms.”和最后一段第一句“Understanding solar s
41、torms might allow us to predict them and protect ourselves.”可知，此次探测的任务是为搞清楚太阳风暴，预测太阳风景，从而保护人类自己。答案C.七选五阅读填空(2018河北“五个一名校联盟”第二次联考)A cobra(眼镜蛇) was set free on September 10 in a park in Xiangtan, South Chinas Hunan Province. _1_ And they began hunting for the deadly creature to try to prevent it from
42、hurting anyone.In the name of mercy, some people free captive(被捕获的) animals, including foreign species, mostly bought from pet shops or markets. _2_ Last April, someone freed hundreds of foxes and racoon dogs in a Beijing suburb, causing economic losses to animal farmers and endangering the safety o
43、f local residents._3_ Besides, today people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity. But it is necessary to ensure that acts of freeing captive animals do not violate laws or harm the interests of the public. _4_In order to regulate the release of captiv
44、e animals, the government revised the law on wildlife conservation in 2016. According to the updated regulations, no individual or organization should harm the public interest by freeing captive animals. _5_AAnd any creatures set free should be local species that have no threat to local biodiversity
45、.BHowever, their warmhearted kindness often causes serious consequences.CFreeing a cobra in a park reflects the troublemakers ignorance of other peoples lives.DSuch news has frequently appeared in recent years.ELocal police immediately arrested the troublemaker.FInfluenced by Buddhism, freeing capti
46、ve animals is an act that deserves respect in China.GIt is important to protect animals including those set free by people.语篇解读：近来，人们的放生行为越来越多，但是一些外来物种及危险动物的放生会对当地物种以及人们的生命造成很大的威胁。文章对这一现象进行了分析，并提出了政府解决此类行为的措施。1解析本段引出话题：在湖南湘潭一个公园里，有人放生了一条眼镜蛇。根据第1空处后一句“他们( they)开始去抓捕这条会致人死亡的生物”可知该空中必定先提到了“这些人”以及他们采取的行
47、动。选项E表示“当地警察立即逮捕了这个惹是生非者”，符合文意。故选E项。答案E2解析第2空处上句说人们以慈悲之名放生动物，下一句叙述了去年四月在北京郊区放生的上百只狐狸和貉不仅给当地农民带来了严重的经济损失，还危及当地居民的人身安全。从而可推断出该空起着承接上下文的过渡作用，故选项B符合文意。答案B3解析根据第3空在段落里的位置可知它开启一个新的段落。该空处后一句Besides, today people are increasingly aware of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity.表示人们逐渐意识到
48、环保和生物多样化的重要性；根据该句中的“Besides”一词可知第3空与这句话是并列关系，再结合第4空前面的acts of freeing captive animals可以推断出第3空是说明放生行为的句子。所以选项F“在中国，受佛教的影响，(人们认为)放生是一种值得尊重的行为”符合语境。答案F4解析第4空处上一句是本段的一个转折，告诫人们放生行为需要确保不能触犯法律，不能损害公众利益。而C项表示在公园里放生一条眼镜蛇这一事例反映了这个惹是生非者忽视了其他人的生命安全，承接上文。故选C项。答案C5解析本段的主题是政府对放生行为采取的措施。A选项表示的“放生的任何生物都必须是本地物种，并对当地的生物多样性没有威胁”是对上文的进一步解释，符合文意。答案A
