1、泛读 技能初养成UNIT 4 BODY LANGUAGE阅读教材 P44 课文，选择最佳答案。1How does the writer know what is going on in the studentsminds?ABy asking them questions.BBy having oneonone conversations.CBy watching their body language.DBy learning about their habits.2How did the students feel when they lean forward and look at th
2、e writer?AConfused.BInterested.CSurprised.DBored.3What do students usually do when they are worried?AHave their arms crossed.BHave their legs closed.CWear a frown.DBrush their hair.答案 13 CBCWords and Phrases知识要点1 assessment n.评价；评定(教材 P40)We make assessments and inferences from body language.我们从肢体语言
3、进行评估和推断。例 1 What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？例 2 There is little assessment of the damage to the natural environment.几乎没对自然环境破坏程度作出评估。知识拓展assess vt.评估；评定assess sth.at 评估某物(多少钱)be assessed as.被评定为assess从句评定；估定即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子After the flood,they assessed the loss _ 10 million yuan.Ma
4、ny of the adults _(assess)as having learning difficulties.The government will make a strict _(assess)of the food safety.这是对失败原因的分析评估。This was _ for the failure.atwere assessedassessmentan assessment of the reasons小片段填空 We have also found that a team doing its own self _，rather than _ by those outsid
5、e the team,is highly effective.我们还发现进行自我评估的，而不是接受团队外的人评估的团队是十分高效的。assessmentbeing assessed知识要点2 in other words 换句话说；也就是说(教材 P43)In other words.换句话说例 1 In other words,she must give up singing.换言之，她必须放弃唱歌。例 2 In other words,the ice begins to melt.换句话说，冰开始融化了。知识拓展in a/one word 总而言之have a word with sb.与
6、某人说(私)话have words with sb.与某人吵架keep/break ones word 遵守诺言/失信beyond words 无法用言语表达in words 用语言word came that.有消息说即学即练完成句子总之，成功很重要，失败也很重要，因为它是成功之母。_，success is important,and so is failure,because its the mother of success.有消息说中国女足在世界杯比赛中获得第二名。_ the Chinese Women Football Team won the second prize in Wor
7、ld Cup.In a/one wordWord came that我无法用言语来表达我的情感。I cant convey my feelings _换句话说，他成了一位伟大的英雄。He became,_，a great hero.in wordsin other words小片段填空 He is such a man that he cant always _，_，he always _，because of which his friends often _ him.他是这样的一个人，总是不能遵守诺言。换句话说，他总是食言，正是因为如此，他的朋友们经常和他吵架。keep his wordi
8、n other wordsbreaks his wordhave words with名师点津(1)与 in other words 意思相同的表达有：namely,that is,that is to say,in another word。(2)word 表示言辞、语言时通常用复数 words；表示新闻、消息时是不可数名词。知识要点3 occupy vt.占据；占用(教材 P44)With their chins on their hands,they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.双
9、手托着下巴，他们专心于盯着窗外或天花板。例 1 Mr.White occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education.怀特先生在教育部里担任要职。例 2 He occupied himself in collecting stamps.他忙于集邮。知识拓展(1)be occupied in doing sth./with sth.忙于做某事occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于某事；专心于某事keep sb.occupied 使某人忙碌(2)occupation n.占用；职业即学即练
10、单句语法填空/一句多译Occupied _ his homework,he cant go out to play football.She needs things to keep her _(occupy)so she doesnt get into trouble.我进来时，那个男孩正忙着做作业。When I came in,the boy _ his homework.When I came in,the boy _ his homework.withoccupiedwas occupied(in)doingwas occupied with小片段填空 When the enemy _
11、the city,the scientist_in doing his research.In fact,he _ with the research for many days.当敌人占领这座城市时，这位科学家正忙于做他的研究。事实上，他专心于这项研究已经有好几天了。occupiedwas occupying himselfhad been occupied知识要点4 distinguish vi.&vt.区分；区别；辨别(教材 P44)While it is easy to perceive when students are interested,bored,or distracted,
12、it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。例 1 We can distinguish between gold and silver.我们能区分金和银。例 2 He distinguished himself in physics.他在物理方面享有盛名。知识拓展(1)distinguish between.and.区分/辨别和distinguish.from.使有别于的特征；区别/辨别和di
13、stinguish oneself by.通过显示自己或使自己扬名distinguish oneself for.因而出名distinguish oneself(as.)(作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for.因而出名即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子My brother is a most _(distinguish)mana great actor.她以清晰地表达她的思想的能力而著称。She _ her ability to make her ideas clear.这个人因其在治疗癌症方面有了重大突破而扬名。T
14、he man _ a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.distinguishedwas distinguished fordistinguished himself for真正的成年人能辨别出什么是该做的事和什么是想做的事。True adults are able to _what they want to do.这种成年鸟很容易根据橘黄色的喙识别出来。The adult bird can _ by its orange beak.distinguish between what they have to do andbe easil
15、y distinguished知识要点5(教材 P44)They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed.他们也可能用手掩面，就像他们感到尴尬或羞愧一样。(1)embarrassed adj.尴尬的；难堪的例 1 A parrot can sometimes make you embarrassed鹦鹉有时候会让人很尴尬。例 2 He became embarrassed when a journalist asked him pointed questions about hi
16、s finances.一名记者对他的经济情况接连提出尖锐的问题，他很是尴尬。知识拓展(1)be/feel embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬be/feel embarrassed about/at sth.对某事感到难为情/不知所措(2)embarrass vt.使难堪，使局促不安embarrassing adj.令人难堪的embarrassment n.难堪，困窘即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Much to his _(embarrass),the captain made a duck in each innings.He was embarrassed _(ad
17、mit)making a mistake.His speech was followed by an _(embarrass)silence.我为自己的错误感到不好意思。I _ my mistake.embarrassmentto admitembarrassingfelt so embarrassed about(2)ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧例 1 Her husband felt ashamed at her behaviour.她丈夫为她的行为感到害臊。例 2 He felt very much ashamed whenever he encountered any of hi
18、s old mates.每当遇到老相识时，他总是感到很难为情。知识拓展(1)be ashamed of(doing)sth.因(做了)某事而感到羞愧be ashamed to do sth.耻于做；因难为情而不愿做be ashamed that.对感到内疚(2)shame n.羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事Its a shame that.真让人遗憾What a shame/pity!真可惜！即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子She was ashamed _(ask)such a simple question.You should be ashamed _ having told a lie to he
19、r.真可惜！这一轮她竟然败下来了。_！She should fail this round.他羞愧地用手把脸蒙住。He _ he hid his face in his hands.to askofWhat a shamewas so ashamed that小片段填空 Dont _ speaking poor English.Dont _being laughed at.Dont _ being stared at.The only real _ is that you never open your mouth.不要羞于说破烂英语，不要羞于被人嘲笑，不要羞于被人注视，唯一应该羞耻的是你从不
20、开口说。be ashamed ofbe ashamed ofbe ashamed ofshame图形助记 shame 家族大集合知识要点6 call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请(教材 P44)Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.有些学生这样做只是因为他们害怕老师叫他们。例 1 I like that you should call on me frequently.我喜欢你经常来拜访我。例 2 He called on his
21、 friends to help him.他向他的朋友求助。知识拓展call back 召唤某人回来；回电话call for 要求；需要；接(某人)call in 请来；召集call off 取消call up 给打电话；(使)回忆起；征召入伍即学即练完成句子光阴一去不复返。Time past cannot _ again.当我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。When I _ my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.be called backcalled up足球赛为什么取消？Why was
22、 the football match _？他们呼吁人们采取措施来抵制它。They _ to fight against it.called offcall on people to take measures知识要点7 bother vi.&vt.费心；麻烦；因操心 n.麻烦；不便(教材 P44)However,if a student does not bother to brush her hair and her eyes are red from weeping,then I can infer that there are deeper issues at work.但是，如果一个
23、学生都懒得梳头，并且两眼因哭泣而发红，那么我能够推断她遇到了更严重的问题。例 1 Thank you,but please dont bother谢谢，但请你不要费事了。例 2 What a bother!Weve missed the bus.真恼人！我们错过了公交车。知识拓展(1)bother sb.with sth.因某事打扰或麻烦某人bother to do/doing sth.操心做某事it bothers sb.that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是Dont bother.不用费心了。(2)put sb.to any bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦即学即练单句语法填空/
24、完成句子I didnt want to put you _ any bother.It really bothered me _ hed forgotten my birthday.You neednt bother _(come)to my office.我小睡的时候不要打扰我。_ while I am taking my nap.tothatto comeDont bother me知识要点8 conflict n矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触(教材 P44)It could be that she is having serious conflicts with other student
25、s or at home.可能是她和其他学生或在家里发生了严重的冲突。例 1 It is not surprising that such a view has led to very considerable conflict这样的一种观点引起很大的分歧是不足为怪的。例 2 Do British immigration laws conflict with any international laws?英国的移民法与国际法有抵触吗？知识拓展(1)in conflict with 与冲突/与矛盾come into conflict with 与冲突/与矛盾(2)conflict with 与矛
26、盾/冲突即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译Your statement is _ conflict with the rest of the evidence.She had often come into conflict _ her husband.他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。He is so cautious that he tries not to _ his wife.He is so cautious that he tries not to _ his wife.He is so cautious that he tries not to _ his wife.inwithco
27、nflict withcome into conflict withbe in conflict with知识要点9 adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯(教材 P44)Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities,when to intervene,and when to talk to students individually.他们的肢体语言让我知道什么时候调整课堂活动，什么时候进行干预，什么时候与学生单独交谈例 1 Adjust your language to the age
28、 of your audience.要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。例 2 You will quickly adjust yourself to student life.你将很快适应学生生活。知识拓展(1)adjust sth.to sth.调整以适应adjust to(doing)sth.适应/习惯(做)某事adjust oneself to.使自己适应(2)adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的(3)adjustment n.调整；调节make adjustments to 对做出调整即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子We must make some _(adjust)to o
29、ur original plan because of emergencies.It took her a while to adjust to _(live)alone.我们必须使我们自己尽快适应新生活。We must _ the new life as soon as possible.她调整座椅到适合儿子的高度。She _ the height of her son.adjustmentslivingadjust ourselves toadjusted the seat to小片段填空 School _ is a process that students try to _ the s
30、chool life actively,finish study successfully,develop their personality well,and carry out the purpose of education.学校适应是学生主动适应学校生活，顺利完成学业、发展个性、实现学校教育目的的过程。adjustmentadjust toSentence Patterns重点句式1 部分否定(教材 P44)Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然，并不是每个抬头看的人上课都专心。句式分析：句
31、中 not everyone.everyone.not.，意为“并非每个人都”，为部分否定。例 1 Not everyone in the world will be kind and caring towards you.并非世上每个人都会对你友善关心。例 2 Unsurprisingly,not everyone agrees that things are better.不出所料，并非人人都认同情况有所好转。知识拓展(1)当 not 与 all，both，everyone，everything，everywhere 等词连用时为部分否定，意为“并不都”。(2)当 not 与 any，an
32、yone，anywhere，anything 连用或出现 no，nothing，nobody，nowhere，none 时是完全否定。即学即练完成句子/句型转换我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。_ impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.答案都不对。_ is right.Nothing in my lifeNone of the answers我实在不愿把实情告诉你，但并非人人都像你那样诚实。I hate to tell you the truth,but _并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。Every
33、boy is not interested in sports._ is interested in sports.not everyone is as honest as youNot every boy重点句式2 as though 引导表语从句(教材 P44)It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.他们好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。句式分析：句中 as though 意为“仿佛；好像”，引导的是表语从句。例 1 It sounds as though there is a knock at the door听起来好像有人在敲门。例
34、2 It seems as though it was spring already现在好像是春天了。知识拓展(1)as though/if 意为“仿佛；好像”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。(2)as though/if 后面的从句可用虚拟语气，表示一种假设或不大可能的事。从句表示与现在事实相反时，谓语动词用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反时，用 had过去分词；表示将来的可能性不大的情况时，用 would/could/might动词原形。(3)从句的省略：若 as though/if 引导的从句的主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语为 be，则省略“从句主语be”，从句就变成了“as though/
35、if形容词/副词/名词/介宾短语/分词/不定式”。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He talks about Rome as if he _(be)there before.Tom raised his hand as if(he was)_(say)something.她说了又说好像永远停不下来。She talks and talks _这个男孩好像迷路了。It seems _had beento sayas if/though she would never stopas though the boy has lost his way逻辑推断题逻辑推断题主要考查学生根据全篇、全段、上下文逻
36、辑关系，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。例文 But this summer I find myself at a loss.Im not quite interested in Balzac,say,or“Tristram Shandy”Theres always War and Peace,which Ive covered some distance several times,only to get bogged down in the“War”part,set it aside for a while,and realize that I have to
37、start over from the beginning again,having forgotten everyones name and social rank.How appealing to simply fall back on a favoriteonce more into“The Waves”or“Justine”，which feels almost like cheating，too exciting and toomuch fun to properly belong in serious literature.Why does the author say readi
38、ng his favorite books feels like cheating?AHe finishes them quickly.BHe should read something serious.CHe barely understands them.DHe has read them many times before.解题关键(1)抓与之相关的关键信息，进行正向或逆向思维，推断出隐含的深层含义。(2)根据上下文逻辑关系，进行实事求是的判断，得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是仅仅根据自己的经验、观点或爱好进行判断。解题思路Step 1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)Step 2：根据关键词
39、定位信息句(中句)Step 3：尝试解答根据信息句可知，作者再次读到自己最喜欢的书时，感到非常刺激和兴奋。同时感觉自己兴奋的心情与严肃的作品不适合，所以这时候会有 cheating 的感觉，认为自己应该读一些严肃的东西。故选 B。针对性练习I started out in life with few advantages.I did not graduate from high school.I worked at menial(不体面的)jobs.I had limited education,limited skills and a limited future.And then I be
40、gan asking,“Why are some people more successful than others？”This question changed my life.Over the years,I have read thousands of books and articles on the subjects of success and achievement(成就).It seems that the reasons for these accomplishments have been discussed and written about for more than
41、 two thousand years,in every possible way.One quality that most philosophers,teachers and experts agree on is the importance of selfdiscipline(自律).As Al Tomsik summarized it years ago,“Success is tons of discipline.”Some years ago,I attended a conference in Washington.It was the lunch break and I wa
42、s eating at a nearby food fair.The area was crowded and I sat down at the last open table by myself,even though it was a table for four.A few minutes later,an older gentleman and a younger woman who was his assistant came along carrying trays of food,obviously looking for a place to sit.With plenty
43、of room at my table,I immediately arose and invited the older gentleman to join me.He was hesitant,but I insisted.Finally,thanking me as he sat down,we began to chat over lunch.It turned out that his name was Kop Kopmeyer.As it happened,I immediately knew who he was.He was a legend in the field of s
44、uccess and achievement.Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books,each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study.I had read all four books from cover to cover,more than once.After we had chatted for a while,I asked him the question
45、 that many people in this situation would ask,“Of all the one thousand success principles that you have discovered,which do you think is the most important？”He smiled at me with a twinkle in his eye,as if he had been asked this question many times,and replied,without hesitating,“The most important s
46、uccess principle of all was stated by Thomas Huxley many years ago.He said，Do what you should do,when you should do it,whether you feel like it or not.”He went on to say,“There are 999 other success principles that I have found in my reading and experience,but without selfdiscipline,none of them wor
47、k.”1Why did the writer ask the question in Paragraph 2?ABecause he wasnt satisfied with himself.BBecause he was a person of self-discipline.CBecause he disliked those successful people.DBecause he wanted to share his idea on success.2What made the writer invite the older gentleman to join him?AHis g
48、reat kindness.BThe gentlemans fame.CHis eagerness for success.DThe gentlemans good manners.3What are the four large books about?APersonal changes.BThe secret of success.CSayings of wisdom.DThe gentlemans legend.1A 根据第一段“I started out in life with few advantages.I did not graduate from high school.I
49、worked at menial(不体面的)jobs.I had limited education,limited skills and a limited future.”可知，在第二段，作者问这个问题是因为他对自己不满意，故选 A。2 A 根 据 第 四 段“With plenty of room at my table,I immediately arose and invited the older gentleman to join me.He was hesitant,but I insisted.(由于我的桌子上有足够的空间，我立刻起身邀请那位年长的先生加入我的行列。他犹豫了，但我坚持。)”可推断出，是作者的善良邀请这位老绅士加入的，故选 A。3B 根据倒数第四段“Kop Kopmeyer had written four large books,each of which contained 250 success principles that he had obtained from more than fifty years of research and study.”可判断出，这四本书是关于成功的秘密的，故选 B。点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 谢谢观看 THANK YOU!
