1、安徽省蚌埠二中2020届高三英语我为高考命题比赛试题十（含解析）本试卷满分150 分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在 答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷（选择题）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分
2、 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是 C。1. What will James do tomorrow?A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. Shes generous. B.
3、Shes curious. C. Shes helpful.3. When does the train leave?A. At 6:30. B. At 8:30. C. At 10:30.4. How does the woman go to work?A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike.5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.
4、5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What does the woman regret?A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major.7. What is the woman interested in studying n
5、ow?A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. What is the man?A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver.9. What is the man doing for the woman?A. Looking for some local foods.B. Showing her around the seaside.C. Offering information about a hotel.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
6、10. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant.11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening?A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours.12. Who is Alice going to call?A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine.听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. Why d
7、oes the woman meet the man?A. To look at an apartment.B. To deliver some furniture. C. To have a meal together.14. What does the woman like about the carpet?A. Its color. B. Its design. C. Its quality.15. What does the man say about the kitchen?A. Its a good size. B. Its newly painted. C. Its adequa
8、tely equipped.16. What will the woman probably do next?A. Go downtown. B. Talk with her friend. C. Make payment.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Who is the speaker probably talking to?A. Movie fans. B. News reporters. C. College students.18. When did the speaker take English classes?A. Before he left his
9、 hometown. B. After he came to America.C. When he was 15 years old.19. How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A. Hes proud. B. Hes sympathetic. C. Hes grateful.20. What does the speaker mainly talk about?A. How education shaped his life.B. How his language skills improved. C. How he managed his
10、 business well.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。APacific Science Center GuideVisit Pacific Science Centers StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to rememb
11、er your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.HungryOur exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is
12、open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Des
13、k and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-bas
14、ed science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Paci
15、fic Science Center.1. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A. In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C. At the the Laser Dome.D. At the Denny Way entrance.2. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A. Train Science teachers.B. Distribute science books.C. Inspire scientific research
16、.D. Take science to the classroom.3. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A. To encourage donations.B. To advertise coming events.C. To introduce special exhibits.D. To tell about the Centers history.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要从购物点、就餐点、租借服务三方面介绍了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacif
17、ic Science Center为人们做的贡献，呼吁人们的支持。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据题干关键词souvenir定位在第一段The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知，Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据题干for school定位在最后一段Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a yea
18、r and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State可知，现在Pacific Science Center每年向130多万人提供服务，并开始把科学教育带到华盛顿州的学校课程。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段标题Support Pacific Science Center和信息句Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Sc
19、ience Center可知，作者呼吁读者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓励人们为之捐赠。故选A。BAlice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13, her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids teeth, instead
20、of destroying them.It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healt
21、hy candy thats good for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?” With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.With her dads permission, she spent the ne
22、xt two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.Moore the
23、n used her savings to get her business off the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moores productCanCandy.As CanCandys success grows, so does Moores credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic
24、 about the candy she created, and shes also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.Meanwhile, with her parents help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wa
25、snt driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandys profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.4. How did Moore react to her dads warning?A. She
26、 argued with him.B. She tried to find a way out.C. She paid no attention.D. She chose to consult dentists.5. What is special about CanCandy?A. It is beneficial to dental health.B. It is free of sweeteners.C. It is sweeter than other candies.D. It is produced to a dentists recipe.6. What does Moore e
27、xpect from her business?A. To earn more money.B. To help others find smiles.C. To make herself stand out.D. To beat other candy companies.7. What can we learn from Alice Moores story?A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.C. Positive thinking and action resu
28、lt in success.D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, “Why cant I make a healthy candy thats go
29、od for my teeth so that my parents cant say no to it?”及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：她试图找到一条出路，解决问题。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最
30、后一段的Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.可知，Moore想用她独特的才能帮助其他人找到自己的笑容。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功，源于面对问题和困难时，她乐观地看待问题，积极地想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。CLanguages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has
31、 been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, th
32、ey spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universa
33、l compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution
34、of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000, Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific pe
35、rhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a
36、few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.8. What can we infer about lan
37、guages in hunter-gatherer times?A. They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected9. Which of the following best explains dominant underlined in paragraph 2？A. Complex.B. Advanced.C. Powerful.D. Modern.10. How many languages are spoken
38、 by less than 6, 000 people at present?A. About 6,800 .B. About 3,400C. About 2,400D. About 1,200.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B. Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.C. Human development results in fewer languages.D. Geography determines language e
39、volution.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着社会的发展人类语言越来越少及其原因。8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other when the world had just five to ten million people, the
40、y spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.可知，当世界以依靠狩猎为生的人组成的时候，小而联系紧密的群落形成了他们彼此之间独立的讲话模式当世界上的人口数量不到一千万时，语言种类达到了12,000种。由此推知，当时的语言种类很多。故选B。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据文章第二段中的dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.可知，英语、西班牙语和汉语正在快速替代其他语言。由此推知dominant languages意为“强有力
41、的语言”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.和The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that. 可知，目前世界上大约有6800种语言，但是讲的人数少于6000人的占一半即3400。故选B。【11题详解】主旨要义题。根据文章第一段中的主题句Languages have
42、been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.可知，语言的产生和消失进行了几千年，但最近语言产生的少，消失的太多。故选C。点睛：长难句解读In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especia
43、lly globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.分析：dominant前的and连接两个并列句，all和前面的名词短语trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state
44、and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications是同位语。句意：在最近的几个世纪，贸易、工业化、民族国家的发展和全球义务教育的普及，尤其是过去几十年来，全球化和更好的交流，这些都导致许多语言消失。而且像英语、西班牙语和汉语等主流语言正日益占据主导地位。DYoung children often “read” picture books. Theyre attracted by the colorful scenery and the reali
45、stic characters that contribute to fascinating plots.Unfortunately, some children cant use these resources, even if they do know how to read. Take three-year old Elodie Bateson, for example. Elodie was born with under-developed eyes and has retinal detachments（视网膜脱落），making her visually impaired. It
46、 is because of people like Elodie that Tom Yeh, head of the Tactile Picture Books Project, has started printing 3D books, so they can feel the illustrations in picture books.The first book Tom Yeh printed was Goodnight Moon, a popular childrens book about a rabbit going to sleep and wishing good nig
47、ht to his surroundings. In the 3D version of this book， children can feel each thing that the rabbit says good night to, whether it is a cow jumping over the moon, a balloon, or a dollhouse.Generally, when children grow older, they read by using Braille, a language that was invented by Louis Braille
48、 in 1824. It uses different patterns of raised dots representing different letters. Readers can then feel the dots and mentally translate the patterns they feel into words. The only problem is that many blind children do not start learning Braille until they are about six years old.Another reason wh
49、y 3D printed books are such a valuable resource is that children dont have to know how to read to understand them. However, without these, visually impaired kids are losing six developmental years vital to their growth since they can t take advantage of picture books.When 3D picture books are printe
50、d, plastic is layered（分层放置）repeatedly over a single shape: the shape of the illustration. These raised pictures created through layered plastic serve as substitutes for the Braille letters that little children have no knowledge of.12. What does the underlined word “impaired” in paragraph 2 mean？A. U
51、nmatched.B. Disappeared.C. Defeated.D. Damaged.13. What can we know about Braille from Paragraph 5？A. The blind at any age can read by using Braille.B. Most people can translate Braille into words.C. Blind kids begin learning Braille at about six years old.D. Braille uses similar patterns of raised
52、dots to stand for different letters.14. We can know that the illustrations in 3D books are raised _ .A. dotsB. picturesC. lettersD. plastic15. What is the aim of the Tactile Picture Books Project？A. To teach the blind children Braille.B. To encourage kids to read books.C. To cure visually impaired c
53、hildren.D. To help the blind children read picture books.【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，为了让失明的孩子能早点读书，一个项目开发出3D图画书，失明的孩子可以通过触摸这些图画进行阅读。【12题详解】词义猜测题。由第二段中的“Elodie was born with under-developed eyes and has retinal detachments（视网膜脱落），making her visually impaired.”（Elodie出生时眼睛发育不良，有视网膜脱离，
54、使她的视力受损。），可知Elodie眼睛发育不良且视网膜脱离，所以视力受损，此处impaired意为“受损”。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“The only problem is that many blind children do not start learning Braille until they are about six years old.”（唯一的问题是，许多盲童直到六岁左右才开始学习盲文。），可知盲童六岁左右开始学习盲文。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“When 3D picture books are printed, plast
55、ic is layered（分层放置）repeatedly over a single shape: the shape of the illustration. These raised pictures created through layered plastic serve as substitutes for the Braille letters that little children have no knowledge of.”（3D绘本打印时，塑料在一个图形上重复分层：插图的图形。这些通过分层塑料制作的凸起的图片可以代替小孩子不知道的盲文字母。这些通过分层塑料制作的凸起的图片
56、可以代替小孩子不知道的盲文字母。），可知3D书籍中的插图是凸起的图片。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由第三段的“It is because of people like Elodie that Tom Yeh, head of the Tactile Picture Books Project, has started printing 3D books, so they can feel the illustrations in picture books.”（正是因为有像Elodie这样（视力受损）的人，触觉绘本项目负责人Tom Yeh才开始印刷3D书籍，这样他们才能感受到绘本中的插
57、图。），可推断出Tactile Picture Books Project的目的在于帮助盲童阅读图画书。故选D项。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.
58、_16_Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?_17_They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are
59、top talent; above that level, the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team re
60、quires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. _18_In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effe
61、cts on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sport
62、s are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” _19_Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force._20_ An A-team may require a balance-
63、not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.A. Its not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.D. Stars apparently do not follow this ba
64、sic principle of sportsmanship.E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. F【解
65、析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。【16题详解】上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。【17题详解】下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。【18题详解】上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人
66、员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。【19题详解】上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。【20题详解】下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 原创（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
67、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. _21_ this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significant environmental problem. The _22_ hibernation period could actually lead to signific
68、ant declines in the populations of several species.Some of the first concrete evidence of the _23_ came from Colorado, where researchers at the Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot (旱獭) hibernation behavior since the 1970s. In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hi
69、bernated several weeks into the month of May. Nowadays, _24_, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots are waking up about a month _25_.At least the marmots are _26_ hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the
70、 Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks (花鼠) also _27_ the hibernation period. The bears seem to have _28_ without losing many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so _29_. Many of the animals died _30_ starvation during the winter
71、.The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether _31_ the creatures metabolism (新陈代谢). When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals heart rate _32_, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter slum
72、ber (睡眠), their metabolism returns to _33_.But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation food sources arent as _34_ as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get _35_, thinking its spring, but plants will not have gotten the amount of sun they need to sig
73、nal their spring period of growth. So until the plants grow, the marmots have no _36_ food source.Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get _37_. _38_ changes in hibernation patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give b
74、irth earlier. For many biologists, thats a _39_ prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford University, said: I do think what we will be facing is the _40_ of many species.21. A. WhenB. ButC. WhileD. So22. A. increasedB. shortenedC. declinedD. spread23. A. phenomenonB. atmosphereC. circumstan
75、ceD. situation24. A. butB. soC. thereforeD. however25. A. laterB. earlierC. longerD. before26. A. stillB. thusC. neverD. not27. A. enteredB. failedC. skippedD. lost28. A. diedB. livedC. survivedD. existed29. A. delightedB. luckyC. mildD. refreshed30. A. fromB. inC. withD. of31. A. lie downB. lie wit
76、hC. get intoD. get along with32. A. decreasesB. slowsC. stopsD. falls33. A. abnormalB. averageC. ordinaryD. normal34. A. availableB. richC. fullD. enough35. A. hotterB. betterC. coolerD. warmer36. A. steadyB. reliableC. casualD. fixed37. A. unfortunateB. harmfulC. disappointedD. worse38. A. In addit
77、ion toB. As a result ofC. Due toD. In spite of39. A. desperateB. hopefulC. scaryD. eager40. A. survivalB. tendencyC. existenceD. extinction【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，全球变暖导致一些动物的冬眠期变短，给这些
78、动物带来巨大影响，动物数量会减少，有些动物甚至会灭绝。【21题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然这看起来有点令人担忧，但实际上却是一个重大的环境问题。A. When当时候；B. But但是；C. While虽然但是；D. So因此。由语境可知，前后两句表让步，意为“虽然但是”，应用While。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：缩短的冬眠期实际上可能导致几个物种的数量显著下降。A. increased增加；B. shortened缩短；C. declined减少、拒绝；D. spread扩散。由上文的global warming affects hibernating animal
79、s, causing them to wake up earlier可知，此空指缩短的冬眠期。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一现象最早的一些具体证据来自科罗拉多州，在那里，洛基山生物实验室的研究人员从20世纪70年代就开始观察旱獭的冬眠行为。A. phenomenon现象；B. atmosphere气氛；C. circumstance环境；D. situation情况。由上文语境可知，全球变暖导致动物冬眠期缩短，此空指的是（缩短的冬眠期）这一现象。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在这个地区的气温已经上升了2.5华氏度，旱獭大约一个月前就醒了。A. b
80、ut只有、仅仅；B. so那么；C. therefore因此；D. however然而。由上下文语境可知，旱獭一般冬眠到5月份的几个星期，现在却大约一个月前就醒了，前后表转折，应用副词however。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在这个地区的气温已经上升了2.5华氏度，旱獭大约一个月前就醒了。A. later后来的；B. earlier更早的；C. longer更长的；D. before之前。由上文的global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier可知，温度上升，动
81、物会醒的早。故选B项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：至少旱獭还在冬眠。A. still还、仍然；B. thus那么；C. never绝不；D. not不。由下文的Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently可知，其他一些动物最近根本没有冬眠，说明旱獭还在冬眠。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国部分地区，花栗鼠也跳过了冬眠期。A. entered进入；B. failed失败；C. skipped跳过、不参加；D. lost丢失。由上文的Several other animals have
82、 not been hibernating at all recently可知，其他一些动物最近根本没有冬眠，熊和花栗鼠是举例说明，所以花栗鼠跳过了冬眠期。故选C项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：熊似乎在没有失去许多个体的情况下幸存下来。A. died死亡；B. lived居住；C. survived幸存；D. existed存在。由下文的without losing many individuals可知，熊幸存了下来。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，花栗鼠并没有那么幸运。A. delighted开心的；B. lucky幸运的；C. mild温和的；D. ref
83、reshed恢复精力的。由上文的however可知，此处表转折，熊幸存了下来，说明花栗鼠没有幸存下来，花栗鼠不幸运。故选B项。【30题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：许多动物在冬天饿死了。A. from从；B. in在；C. with用；D. of的。由语境可知，此处指“饿死”。固定搭配die of starvation（饿死），符合语境。故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：动物早醒或不冬眠的问题在于它们的新陈代谢。A. lie down躺下；B. lie with在于、是的责任；C. get into进入；D. get along with与和睦相处。由语境可知，此处指动物的新陈代
84、谢要为动物早醒或不冬眠的问题负责。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些动物的心率减慢，而且它们需要的能量很少。A. decreases减少；B. slows放慢；C. stops停止；D. falls落下。由上文的When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly可知，动物冬眠新陈代谢明显下降，所以这些动物的心率也减慢。故选B项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当动物从冬眠中醒来时，它们的新陈代谢恢复正常。 A. abnormal异常的；B. average平均的；C. ordinary普通的；
85、D. normal正常的。由常识可知，动物冬眠醒来后，它们的新陈代谢会恢复正常。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不过，虽然它们的新陈代谢可能和冬眠前一样活跃，但食物来源却不像冬眠前（那样容易）找到的。A. available可找到的；B. rich富有的；C. full充满的；D. enough足够的。由语境可知，此处指冬眠时的食物不像冬眠前那样找得到。故选A项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当气温升高时，旱獭可能会醒来，以为春天到了，但植物不会得到足够的阳光来开启春天的生长期。A. hotter更热的；B. better更好的；C. cooler更冷的；D. wa
86、rmer更温暖的。由上文语境可知，气温升高，动物会醒的早，所以此空指气温升高，变得温暖。故选D项。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以直到植物生长时，旱獭没有可靠的食物来源。A. steady稳定的；B. reliable可靠的；C. casual随便的；D. fixed固定的。由上文的until the plants grow可知，植物没有成长，可推断出动物是没有可靠的食物来源的。故选B项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多科学家认为这个问题将继续恶化。A. unfortunate不幸的；B. harmful有害的；C. disappointed失望的；D. worse更糟
87、的。由下文语境可知，科学家预测一些动物会迁徙，甚至一些动物会灭绝，说明这个问题将继续恶化。故选D项。【38题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：除了冬眠模式的改变外，一些人认为其他动物也会开始改变它们的迁徙模式或更早开始分娩。A. In addition to除了；B. As a result of (作)为的结果；C. Due to由于；D. In spite of尽管。由下文语境可知，此处指除了冬眠模式的改变外，气候变暖还导致其它的一些问题，如动物迁徙模式的改变或更早开始分娩。故选A项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多生物学家来说，这是一个可怕的前景。A. desperate绝
88、望的；B. hopeful有希望的；C. scary可怕的、吓人的；D. eager渴望的。由上文语境可知，动物冬眠期缩短这个问题将继续恶化，说明这是一个可怕的前景。故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斯坦福大学的动物专家Terry Root 说：“我确实认为，我们将面临的是许多物种的灭绝。”A. survival生存；B. tendency趋势；C. existence存在；D. extinction灭绝。由上文语境可知，动物冬眠期缩短这个问题将会导致动物冬眠模式和迁徙模式的改变或更早开始分娩，对许多生物学家来说，这是一个可怕的前景，可推断出许多物种会灭绝。故选D项。第 II 卷
89、（非选择题）第二节 原创（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Chinese have a saying: “Firewood, rice, oil, salt, vinegar and tea are the seven _41_ (necessary) to begin a day.” For the Chinese, tea drinking and tasting are not similar. Tea drinking can help us keep up ones spirit _42
90、_tea tasting has cultural meaning. Tea and tea sets should match _43_ (surround) such as the breeze, the bright moon, pines, bamboo and snow. All these show the goal of Chinese culture: the _44_ (harmony) unity of human beings with nature._45_ (compare) to personal characters, its flavor is pleasant
91、, low-key and _46_ (last). A friendship between gentlemen is also like a cup of tea. _47_a cup of tea in hand, enjoying the green leaves in a white china cup, you will feel the peace, _48_(leave) fame, wealth and other earthly concerns far away._49_(similar), tea-drinking habits vary in different pa
92、rts of China. Generally, flowering tea is popular in northern China; green tea _50_ (prefer) in eastern China and black tea is fit for people in Fujian and Guangdong. Tea is commonly available not only in Chinese restaurants and grocery shops nationwide but also worldwide.【答案】41. necessities 42. whi
93、le 43. surroundings 44. harmonious 45. Compared 46. lasting 47. with 48. leaving 49. Similarly 50. is preferred【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简要地讲述了茶的好处和中国茶文化。【41题详解】考查名词的数。the seven _1_后接名词形式，necessity意为“必需品”时，是可数名词，此处指“七大必需品”，此空用名词的复数形式。故填necessities。【42题详解】考查连词。本句意“喝茶可以帮助我们保持精神状态，然而品茶具有文化意义”，前后两句表对比，应用连词while（然而）
94、。故填while。【43题详解】考查名词。本句意为“茶和茶具应与周围环境相匹配，如微风、明月、松树、竹子和雪。”，指“环境”，应用名词surroundings（环境）。故填surroundings。【44题详解】考查形容词。名词unity需要形容词修饰，此空用形容词形式。故填harmonious。【45题详解】考查过去分词。本句已有谓语动词is且无连词，本空应用非谓语形式，主语its flavor和动词compare是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词表被动做状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。【46题详解】考查形容词。本句是主系表结构，形容词作表语，并列连词and前面是形容词，此空也用形容词
95、。故填lasting。【47题详解】考查with复合结构。此处意为“手里拿着一杯茶”，用“with+名词+宾补”结构，这里是介词短语in hand作宾补。故填with。【48题详解】考查现在分词。本句已有谓语will feel且无连词，本空应用非谓语形式，主语you和动词leave是逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动做状语。故填leaving。【49题详解】考查副词。此处要副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Similarly。【50题详解】考查时态和语态。此处缺乏谓语动词，本文是说明文，讲的是现在的事实，时态用一般现在时，主语green tea（不可数）和动词prefer是被动关系
96、，要用被动语态（be done）。故填is preferred。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分）第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。During my last winter
97、 holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a big change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They
98、 also had a small pond which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.【答案】【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去年寒假期间和父亲去
99、乡下拜访爷爷奶奶过程中的所见所闻，由此讲述了乡下的巨大变化。1. countryside前加the 考查冠词。句意：去年寒假，我和父亲去乡下拜访爷爷奶奶。此处特指去的是乡下，故加定冠词the。2. find改成found 考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter holiday可知，事件发生在过去，故用过去时。故将find改成found。3. another改成other 考查形容词的用法。句意：他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。another后面只能跟单数名词，故改成other。4. here改成there 考查副词及语意理解。句意：去年冬天我又一
100、次去了那里。故将here改成there。5. chicken改成chickens 考查名词复数。句意：他们拥有一个大的独立住宅，还养了许多只鸡。根据前文的dozens of可知，其后用名词复数形式。6. which改成in which 或where 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：他们还有一个小池塘，里面养着鱼。此处a small pond是先行词，其在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故把which改成in which 或where。7. sell改成selling 考查动名词。句意：我爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。8. happily改成happ
101、y 考查形容词作表语。句意：我很高兴他们的生活有了很大提高。此处形容词作表语，故将happily改成happy。9. 删除for 考查介词的用法。时间名词有every，each，last等词修饰时，其前不用介词。故删除for。10. but改成and 考查并列连词的用法。句意：我计划每两年回来一次，他同意了。此处是接连发生的动作，是顺承关系，故将but改成and。点睛：本文中第9处改错是学生容易忽视的考点。时间名词有every，each，last，this，that等词修饰时，其前不用介词。例：We are going to fish this morning.I finished the c
102、ourse last winter holiday.第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分）52. 假如你是李华，计划和同学去敬老院（nursing home）陪老人们国重阳节（the Double Ninth Festival）。请给外教Lucy写封邮件，邀她一同前往，内容包括：1. 出发及返回时间；2. 活动：包饺子、表演节目等。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 结语已为你写好。_Looking forward to your reply.YoursLi Hua【答案】Dear Lucy,Id like to invite you to join us fo
103、r a visit to the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival. It is the day for the elderly in our culture. Well go and make dumplings and cakes with the elderly people there. Well also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them
104、happy. We should be back around 4 oclock in the afternoon. If you are able to come with us, please let us know and well wait for you at the gate at 9 in the morning.Looking forward to your reply.YoursLi Hua【解析】试题分析：本篇书面表达属于英文书信，根据提示信息说明邀请Lucy去参加的活动和时间等。写作时注意以下几点：1、仔细阅读有关提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，明确三个要点：邀请、时间、具
105、体活动。2、提纲是文章的总体框架，要在提纲的范围内进行分析、构思和想象。要依据提示情景或词语，按照一定逻辑关系来写。本文写作时可以按照要点所给的顺序写。3、根据要表达的内容确定句子的时态、语态；就本文而言应该用一般将来时态。4.注意使用高级词汇和句式，以增加文章的亮点。【亮点说明】本文结构紧凑，层次分明。Well also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope will make them happy.中用了which引导的定语从句和句式spend time doing。此外，还有if从句以及一些短语如invite you to join us，for a visit to，make dumplings等。【考点定位】考查提纲作文。- 24 -
