1、2020-2021学年高二英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第一册同步课时作业(15) Unit 5 Using Language & Assessing Your Progress一、填空1.The Chinese and the Westerners have e_ different views of life.2.O_ food, which is green and healthy, is on sale at the local grocery.3.Computers are now in w_ use all over the world.4.The population of t
2、he u_ area is larger than that of the rural area.5.The government has taken measures to help people get rid of _(贫穷).6.Plants in desert usually have long _(根).7.The elderly and children are having a hard time in the _(最深处) of winter.8._(化学的) factories do great harm to the air.9.Technological change
3、is everywhere and affects every a_(方面)of life, mostly for the better.10.A teacher should be good at drawing inferences about other cases from one i_(例子).11.Its 21 years since she first moved to Britain, but she hasnt forgotten her r_(根).12.The geology and m_(矿物质)resources contribute to safeguarding
4、sustainable development in economy and society.13.Most people think o_(有机的)farming looks much more expensive for the farmers.14.Everybody is talking about the matter, which is a subject of w_(广泛的)comment.15.You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to d_(消化).二.阅读理解 Food blogs, celebri
5、ties, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic(有机的) fruit and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Advances paints a more complex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.
6、 Organic fruit and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more lab
7、our, time, and money, the costs that are passed on to consumers. Its true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas emission and water loss, the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce f
8、ewer greenhouse gases per acre. However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides(杀虫剂), and other methods that increase efficiency(效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isnt a whole lot of research on the top
9、ic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says the study author Verena Seufert. In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruit and vegetables, theres not a lot o
10、f evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries, where pesticide use is tightly regulated, theres no scientific consensus(共识) on how these often slight differences influence human heal
11、th. Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity (生物多样性).Thereal point from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studie
12、s to increase the yield without lowering sustainability. But if you cant afford to buy organic produce, dont stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective.1.What does the underlined word downsides in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?A.Dangers.B.Drawbacks.C.Benefits.D.Differences.2.Which
13、 key factor makes it complicated to compare organic farming with conventional farming when it comes to environmental concerns?A.The yield.B.The price.C.The water loss.D.The labour.3.Which of the following will the author most probably agree with?A.Farmer work environment should be improved.B.Organic
14、 produce should be made more efficiently.C.It isnt wise for consumers to buy organic products.D.The pesticide remainder does no harm to peoples health.三.语法填空 Longjing tea,_ has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape, _(name) after its production regionLo
15、ngjing Village near the West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the _(grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that Longjing tea is the _(good) among all of the teas in the world. Thanks_ the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputati
16、on. The story went that the Qianlong Emperor visited a mountain during his Hangzhou travels and he saw some ladies picking the tea at_ foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself. While _(pick) the tea, he received the news of his mothers illnes
17、s, so he carelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and _(leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother _(immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves from his right sleeve and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found hers
18、elf completely _(refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses. From then on, it was listed as the tribute tea.答案以及解析一、1.答案：entirely解析： 2.答案：Organic解析： 3.答案：widespread解析： 4.答案：urban解析：5.答案：poverty解析：6.答案：roots解析： 7.答案：depths解析： 8.答案：Chemical解析：9.答案：aspect解析：句意:科技变革无处不在,影响着生活的方方面面,而且大
19、多是朝着更好的方向发展。10.答案：instance解析：句意:教师应该善于从一个事例中推断出其他事例。11.答案：root解析：root句意:她搬到英国已经有21年了,但她从未忘记自己的根。12.答案：mineral解析：mineral句意:地质和矿产资源有助于保障经济和社会的可持续发展。13.答案：organic解析：句意:大部分人认为有机农业对农民来说似乎要贵得多。14.答案：widespread解析：句意:每个人都在谈论这件事,它成了广泛评论的话题。15.答案：digest解析：句意:你应该在吃完一顿饭后给点时间消化食物。二.答案：1-3BAB解析：1.词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“
20、While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.”可知,虽然有机农产品可能稍微健康些,但在某些方面,也有其缺点。再结合语境和下文陈述的有机农产品的缺点可以判断,画线词应指有机农产品不好的一面,B项意为“缺点”,故B项正确。2.细节理解题。根据题干关键词“complicated to compare”定位至第三段第二句“But when it comes to environmental c
21、oncerns such as greenhouse gas emission and water loss, the comparison gets complex.”,由此可知,当涉及诸如温室气体排放和水资源损失等环境问题时,比较传统农业和有机农业就变得复杂了;根据第三段其他内容可知,虽然有机农业与传统农业相比更具可持续性,但因为不能使用基因工程技术、杀虫剂及其他提高效率的方法,有机农业的产量相对低,如果有机农业想要和传统农业有一样高的产量,其对环境的影响就会更大,故产量是使得两者之间的比较变得复杂的重要因素。A项意为“产量”,故A项正确。3.推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知,由于禁止使用
22、基因工程技术和杀虫剂等方法,有机农场的产量估计会比传统农场的产量低19%至25%。据此可以判断,应当提高有机农业的生产效率,故B项正确。第五段的最后一句亦是提示。 三.答案：1-10.which; is named; growth; best; to ; the; picking; left; immediately; refreshed解析：考查关系词。句意:龙井茶,以其色泽、味道和外形而居于中国十大最著名的茶叶榜首,它以其生产地区西湖旁边的龙井村命名。根据句意并分析句子结构可知此处为非限制性定语从句,且从句中缺少主语,先行词为表示物的Longjing tea,所以用which引导该定语从句
23、。 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知,此处主语Longjing tea 与动词name之间为被动关系且叙述一般的情况,所以用一般现在时的被动语态。考查词性转换。句意:良好的环境和水资源对茶的生长贡献良多。根据空前的定冠词和空后的of the tea可知此处用名词growth。考查形容词最高级。句意:“龙井茶是世界上所有茶叶中最好的”。根据语境可知此处用形容词的最高级,且由空前为定冠词the及空后的among all of the teas in the world也可判断此处应用形容词最高级。考查固定搭配。thanks to意为“幸亏,由于”,为固定搭配。考查冠词。句意:他看见一些女士在
24、山脚下采茶。此处at the foot of the mountain意为“在山脚下”,为固定用法。考查省略用法。句意:在采茶叶的时候,他收到了他母亲生病的消息,所以他不经意间把茶叶放到他右边的袖子里,离开杭州去了北京。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,while从句的完整结构为while he was picking the tea,主从句主语一致,从句中有be动词,省略从句主语和be动词,所以填picking。考查动词的时态。句意见上题。本段叙述的是发生在过去的事,所以用一般过去时。考查词性转换。句意:他一到北京,就立即去看望母亲。此处修饰动词visited应用副词。考查形容词。句意:喝了一杯茶后,她发现自己完全恢复了精神。find oneself +adj.意为“某人发现自己”,此处用形容词作宾语补足语。
