1、语 法第5讲名词性从句1在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句一直是高考的重要考点之一。2一、名词性从句的引导词 that 与 what 的区别that 在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；而what 不仅起连接作用，而且也可充当句子成分。What we cant get seems better than what we have.句中有主语从句和宾语从句，what 在这两个名词性从句中都作宾语。It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.=That her h
2、air was turning grey worried her a bit.第一句中句首的先行词 It 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。that 在主语从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。3二、名词性从句中的it 作形式主语或形式宾语在名词性从句中为了保持句子的平衡，往往用 it 作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面。It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.=That English is being accepted as an international langu
3、age is a fact.4三、名词性从句的语序在名词性从句中，关联词要提到句首，句子用陈述句语序。当关联词含有疑问的意义时，考生受习惯影响往往会错误地使用疑问句语序。克服这种错误的关键是要找准从句中的主语和谓语。The photographs will show you what our village looks like.5四、名词性从句的引导词 whether 与 if 的区别whether 与 if（意为“是否”）的区别是：在引导宾语从句时两者可以互换，但引导介词后边的宾语从句或从句后面紧跟 or not 时只能用whether，而不能用 if。Could you tell us
4、whether/if it snows in winter in Australia？（在引导宾语从句时，whether 和 if 可以互换）Everything depends on whether we have enough time.（介词后边的宾语从句只能用 whether 引导）I dont know whether or not hell come.(从句中有 or not 时,不能用 if)但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，只能用whether引导，而不能用 if。Whether it is true remains a problem.What the doctors
5、 really doubt is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.I am in doubt whether I should agree to the plan.6五、从句中的“疑问词+ever”引导的从句与“no matter+疑问词”引导的从句的区别前者既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导让步状语从句,后者只能引导让步状语从句。Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.Whoever 引导的是主语从句，强调“无论谁”，它在主语从句中
6、作主语，相当于Anyone who 或 The person who。Sarah hopes to become a friend of whoever shares her interests.7例1(2009四川）News came from the school officeWang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A.which B.what C.that D.where 这 一 题 的 解 题 关 键 在 于 对 news和 从 句 部 分“Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing Univer
7、sity”的理解。从句是补充说明news的内容，所以是同位语从句，而从句不缺乏任何成分推出答案为C。剖析剖析8例2(2009四川)I wonderyoull water this kind of flower.Every other day.A.how often B.how long C.how soon D.how much根据选项，结合句子分析（wonder是动词）确定该题测试的是宾语从句连词的运用题目中提示（every other day 每隔一天，表示频率）确定选项为A。剖析剖析9例3 manners are very important in every country is kn
8、own to us but the trouble isdifferent countries have different ideas aboutgood manners are.A.That;that;what B.That;what;that C.What;that;that D.What;what;that10通过选项确定思维，该题测试从句连词的运用浏览题目，分析句子结构（第一空位于句首，通常为主语从句；第二空be 动词后，通常是表语从句；第三空介词about 后，通常是宾语从句）进一步分析各种连词在不同从句中的作用（主语不缺少任何成分，只是需要一个连词起连接作用，只有that 有此功能；第二空表语从句也是一个完整句意的句子，连词也就只能用that 了；第三空宾语从句，从句中系动词are 后缺少表语，名词性从句中，只有what既有可作连词也可充当表语的作用）确定答案为A。剖析剖析11感谢观赏！12
