1、第二部分 语法网络攻略第十四章第十四章 主谓一致主谓一致一、主谓一致主谓一致，是指在英语中，谓语动词的使用要与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致，一般来讲，现代英语关于主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致关系，大致得遵循以下表格中的原则：主谓一致分类意义注意语法一致一个句子的主语是单数时，谓语动词也应是单数形式，主语是复数，谓语动词也用复数形式。1.如果并列的主语指的是同一个人，同一类物，谓语动词要用单数形式，如：A singer and dancer is going to the party.2.由and连接的并列单数主语前，如果分别有each,every等修饰时，谓语要用单数。如：Every boy
2、 and every girl was given an apple.意义一致 主语形式是单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词根据意义要用复数；主语形式为复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词也用单数(如表示一笔钱，一段时间，一定重量等)。有些集体名词，如family,group,class等作主语时，作为整体看待，谓语动词要用单数，就其中一个个成员而言，谓语要用复数。如：His family is a happy one.（整体）His family are watching TV.（个体成员）就近一致 出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和最近的主语保持一致。遵循就近原则的句型有：there be,her
3、e be 和eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等连接两个名词或代词做主语时靠前原则 出现几个主语时，谓语动词的人称单复数须和距离谓语远的名词保持一致。主语后面跟有介词with,together with,but,except,besides,rather than或as well as 引导的短语时，如：Susan as well as you is my friend.【强化练习】I单项选择1.Not only I but also Mary and Jane _ tired of having one examination after another
4、.A.is B.are C.am D.be由not onlybut also连接并列主语时，谓语与最靠近的主语保持一致。此题符合就近原则，故答案为B。【错解分析】本题易误选C，易误认为I 为主语，而实际上谓语的单复数是由Jane and Mary决定的，应用就近原则，故排除C，同理排除A。B 2.Nobody but you _ what he said.A.agrees with B.agrees on C.agree with D.agree to主语为nobody时谓语动词用单数，应用靠前原则。如果主语被but,as well as,with等短语修饰，谓语仍与主语的数保持一致。【错解分
5、析】该题易误选C、D，选D的原因在于词组记忆不清，用介词to时，后面应加具体项目。而选择C就在于误把you当做为主语对待了。而实际上nobody才是主语。A 3.She is the only one among the _ writers who _ stories for children.A.woman;writes B.women;write C.women;writes D.woman;writewoman writer的复数为women writers，而定语从句中的谓语单复数是由先行词决定的，先行词为the only one。故答案为C。【错解分析】本题易误选B，误认为先行词为w
6、riters，而实际上由于one被the only修饰，故先行词是the only one，谓语应用单数。C 4.Either you or the headmaster _ the prize for these gifted students at the meeting.A.is handing in B.are to hand out C.are handing in D.is to hand out由eitheror连接的主语，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则，因靠近谓语动词的主语为the headmaster,故谓语动词用单数形式，又因校长要给有天赋的学生发奖品，是主动结构，故选答案为D。
7、D 5.As a result of destroying the forest,a large _ of desert _ covered the land.A.number;has B.quantity;has C.number;have D.quantity;havea large quantity of,quantities of,a large amount of,amounts of+名词作主语时谓语动词应由quantity或amount的数而定。据此，由于a large quantity of 中的quantity是单数，故答案选B。B II根据主谓一致原则，将括号内的动词变成适
8、当形式填空1.He is the only one of the students who _a winner of scholarship for three years.（be）2.Mr.Green,together with his students,_on the project day and night.(work)3.Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons,_ to go to a good university.(hope)4.E-mail,as well as telephone,_ an importa
9、nt part in daily communication.(play)5.Clothes of this kind _ well.(sell)has been is working hopes plays sell III.请学习上面主谓一致的用法，翻译下面的短文：（要求用上not onlybut also,together with,each等词）汤姆是一个在中国学习的美国学生。不仅他的班主任，他的同学们也都很喜欢他，因为他又聪明又幽默。他有一个幸福的家。他和他的父母计划在暑假时回美国度假。但是，他们还没有决定坐什么交通工具回去。汤姆的每一个同学都希望他的一家能有一个愉快的假期。Tom
10、is an American student studying in China.Not only the head teacher,but also other students in his class like him very much,because he is both clever and humorous.His family is a happy one.He,together with his parents plans to go back to America in the summer vacation.However,how they will go there has not been decided.Each of his classmates wishes his family will have a happy holiday.The END
