1、分词作状语分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。1.分词作状语形式的选择2.分词作状语的基本原则1）分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。2）分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。1）Being ill,he didnt go to school.2)Given much more time,he would do it better.Eg.Hearing the bell,the students began to enter the classroom.（听见和进入两个动作同时
2、发生）The building being built now is our new library.（being built为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Having done the work,he went home.完成了工作，他就回家了。分词作状语Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus,he read
3、 a copy of China Daily.1）表时间状语2)表原因状语Being ill,he didnt go to school.Being a student,you should study hard.(=Since you are a student,you should study hard.）既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinking he might be at home,I called him.(As I thought he might be at home,I called him.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作
4、伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg.He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa,and watched TV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking 4)表结果Eg
5、.Her mother died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song 5)表条件 Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use your head,you will f
6、ind a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色的房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking ahead 6)表让步 Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistake.1)Four people entered the room 1)Four people entered the room looking looking aroundaround in a curious way.in a curious way.(伴随动作伴随动作)2)2)Being poorBeing poo
7、r,he couldnt afford a TV,he couldnt afford a TV set.set.(原因)Using your head,youll find a good way.条件3)Working hard,youll surely succeed.条件4)The boy sat in front of the farm-house,cutting the branch.伴随5)He came running back to tell me the news.方式6)(When)Hearing the news,he got 6)(When)Hearing the new
8、s,he got frightened.frightened.=When he heard the news,he got=When he heard the news,he got frightened.frightened.(时间时间,可以在分词前保留可以在分词前保留when)when)7)The child slipped and fell,hitting his head against the door.结果 Practise:(1)They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searching;losing B.searching;lost C.to search
9、;lost D.searched;losing(2)The student sat there,_ what to do.A.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing C.not know D.not knowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)(3)He sat there _,with his head on his hand.A.and think B.thinking C.thought D.being thoughtB1.The secretary worked late into the night,_a long speec
10、h for the president.A.To prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing 2.European football is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.A.Making B.makes C.made D.to makeB现在分词表结果状语A现在分词作伴随状语3.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.ang
11、rily point D.and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语4._ a reply,he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 5._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.A.Not knowing B.knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not knownCA
12、现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语 1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking
