1、专题强化练(五)阅读理解之主旨大意题(限时25分钟)对应学生用书(单独成册)第113页A(2020郑州第二次质检)Something strange has been happening to me lately: Women in the street have been telling me Im brave.My act of courage isnt muchI just stopped coloring my hair.I had brown hair that started going gray when I was 30.So，like a lot of women，I sta
2、rted dyeing(染)it.It was expensive and timeconsuming.And my hair grows fast，so I needed to go back to the hair salon(美发厅)every 5 weeks.Many people seem to enjoy holding onto their youth for as long as possible，giving others the impression that they dont have much wisdom or many accomplishments.But ou
3、r hair starts to turn gray and suddenly we start spending $500 or more a year to cover something our male colleagues dont need to cover.Of course，people should do what they want to do with their own bodymy mother is 91 and still has“blonde” hair，and why not？I just wish more of us would feel that it
4、is OK to be ourselves，because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money.I like my natural hair，just as it is.I like how it has got curly again.It is recovering after years of being damaged by chemicals.I also like that it has given me some needed attitude in a society that makes
5、youth seem so important，while being against maturity.It reminds me that Im not a kid anymore and this isnt a bad thing.Not being a kid anymore means I read the books I want，and not the books I feel I should read.It means not wasting my time at events I dont need to attend when Id rather be with my f
6、amily and friends.When I see my hair in the mirror，its a reminder that my time is limited，and I should spend it doing what matters.Theres nothing shameful about growing older.And pretending its not happening is a way of giving up our power.I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion(反叛)against t
7、he idea that people lose value as they age，instead of gaining it.I see gray hair as my “flag” and Im letting it fly proudly.语篇解读在文章开头，作者叙述了自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历，接着表达了自己对变老的看法。作者认为染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。1How does the author feel about coloring hair?AIt shows peoples great courage.BIt
8、is a good way to hold onto youth.CIt shows wisdom and accomplishments.DIt costs much money and it takes much time to do that.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段，尤其是该段中的“It was expensive and timeconsuming.”可知，作者认为染发花费很多时间和金钱。答案：D2What should we do when we grow old according to the author?AGive up our power.BPretend to be
9、 still young.CAccept it and act positively.DRead as many books as possible.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段，尤其是最后一句“I just wish more of us would feel that it is OK to be ourselves，because going gray has done more for me than saving me time and money.”和第六段中的“I should spend it doing what matters”以及第七段的最后一句可推知，根据作者的观点，当
10、我们变老时我们应该接受它并采取积极的行动。答案：C3What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage?ATo explain why youth is valued.BTo share her opinion on growing older.CTo stress the importance of different attitudes.DTo analyze the advantages and disadvantages of aging.解析：写作意图题。本文作者首先叙述自己虽然头发变白但不再染发，从而受到别人的好评的经历
11、，然后表达自己对变老的看法染发浪费金钱和时间，追求自然、重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧才是重要的。由此可推知，作者写本文的目的是分享她对变老的看法。答案：B4Which can be the best title for the passage?AHolding onto YouthBDyeing Your HairCGaining Value with AgeDValuing Wisdom of Age解析：标题归纳题。根据全文的内容，尤其是最后一段第一句“I see my gray hair as a little act of rebellion against the idea that
12、people lose value as they age，instead of gaining it.”可知，D项“重视因年龄增长而带来的智慧”最适合作文章标题。答案：D词汇积累：Para.2：timeconsuming adj.耗时间的；费时的Para.3：hold onto抓紧，不放开Para.5：maturity n成熟熟词生义：Para.2：color常用义：n.颜色How did they know the color of my house?他们是怎么知道我的房子的颜色的？文章义：v.为着色How long have you been coloring your hair?你染发
13、有多长时间了？Para.7：age 常用义：n.年龄She needs more friends of her own age.她需要更多的同龄朋友。文章义：v.变老As he aged，his memory got worse.随着年事增高，他的记忆力就变差了。B(2020山东省济南市第二次模考)The Walt Disney Company has built a room that can wirelessly power and charge any devices inside.Wireless charging usually only works when a device is
14、 touching a power source.But researchers say they have found a way to provide wireless power and charging capability to large areas.A scientific team from Disney Research recently demonstrated the technology.Alanson Sample is the lead researcher at Disney Research.He explained the goal of the projec
15、t in a video. “What we really want is a threedimensional charging experience where you walk into your living room or office and your cell phone is charged simply by walking in.”The process uses magnetic fields to send power to specially designed receivers.Researchers built a 54cubicmeter room in whi
16、ch the walls，floor and ceiling were covered with metal panels.They placed a long metal pipe in the middle of the room.Electrical currents travel up and down this pole about 1.3 million times per second.These currents also move through the ceiling，walls and floor，before flowing again up the pole.Smal
17、l devices inside the pole set the level of electromagnetic waves.These waves continuously move around the room to send power to receiving devices.The Disney researchers said repeated experiments led to successful wireless power transfers to many devices running at the same time.One of the concerns o
18、f electric fields is that they can be harmful to humans.But associate research scientist Matt Chabalko said the level of power being produced inside the room is not dangerous.“Our simulations show that we can transmit 1.9 kilowatts of power while meeting federal safety guidelines.This means its comp
19、letely safe for people to occupy this space for any amount of time.”The experiments also showed that furniture inside the room was not damaged and did not block the wireless energy.One of Disneys likely uses for wireless power will be to create areas at its parks where visitors can charge their devi
20、ces.语篇解读本文是一篇科普类说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼公司无线充电技术研究成功了。5Which of the following can replace the underlined word“demonstrated” in Paragraph 2?ABelieved.BShowed.CImproved. DChose.解析：词义猜测题。根据后面的“He explained the goal of the project in a video.”可知，该单词的意思是“展示”，与show同义。故选B。答案：B6What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?AHow
21、 a room is built for wireless charge.BWhat is needed to charge wirelessly.CWhat devices can be charged in the room.DHow wireless charge functions in the room.解析：段落大意题。根据本段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了无线充电的原理，就是把电流转化成磁场，由磁场给电器充电。故选D。答案：D7Why did the author mention the danger of wireless charge?ATo get rid of peoples
22、 worry.BTo remind people of its existence.CTo show the way to solve it.DTo explain how harmful it is.解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的第一句“One of the concerns of electric fields is that they can be harmful to humans.”可知，对电场的担忧之一是电场对人体有害，而后文的“.the level of power.is not dangerous.its completely safe for people”解释说明其无危险并
23、且安全，就是为了消除人们的担心。故选A。答案：A8What benefit might Disneyland bring to its visitors in the future?AVisitors charge their devices cheaply.BVisitors can stay in a safer environment.CTheir cell phones can be charged by themselves.DThe parks can brighten visitors without wires.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“One of Disneys li
24、kely uses for wireless power will be to create areas at its parks where visitors can charge their devices.”可知，迪士尼可能会利用无线充电的方法在其公园内创建一个可供游客充电的区域，由此判断出即将来游客走进迪士尼乐园时，他们的手机会自行充电。故选C。答案：CC(2020山西六校二次质检)In elementary school，Glenn Cameron was very aware of the challenges faced by his friend，Roger，who had l
25、ost a hand.Now he has built an artificial helper for him.The robotic hand is called “Dexi”Each of its fingers can move independently.The strength and speed of the hands “muscles” can be controlled.Hes also created a digital version of this hand，which responds on a computer screen.Through a special h
26、eadset，the system takes electrical signals from a human brain，sends them to a computer，and then the computer “tells” the hand what to do.For example，to make the hand close，you “see” a fist in your head.In fact，Camerons first robotic hand was 3D printed online.Realizing the hand was too limited，he de
27、cided to build his own.It was quite a challenge，but his new version was better.It was also cheap，compared to many other robotic hand projects.Cameron says designing and building the hand was hard，but he went on.Then came the one Roger is using.Cameron is working on a hand that can actually be used b
28、y a person whos lost a hand at present.He says the new hand will be simpler，because there wont be as much space.To make up for this，hes adding a mini camera and trying to make the hand smarter.Cameron encourages young people who think they might want to do something demanding and similar，“You just b
29、egin working towards it.Take one little step at a time，purposeful and steadfast，sooner or later youre going to get to the place you long for.”语篇解读在小学的时候，Glenn Cameron看到朋友缺少一只手，内心很受触动，他现在已经制造出了可以由人脑控制的机械手来帮助朋友。9Which version of the artificial hand does Dexi belong to?AThe first. BThe second.CThe thir
30、d. DThe fourth.解析：推理判断题。Dexi出现在第二段，但本题要结合上下文内容来推理才能得到答案。根据第一段的尾句和第二段的开头可知，Dexi是Roger现在使用的机械手版本。第三段谈到Cameron制作的第一个机械手是3D打印出来的，但他不满意。于是，他花费时间制造了第二个版本的机械手，这个版本比第一个要好。但他继续研发，于是便有了第三代机械手Roger现在使用的Dexi。答案：C10How could a user of the digital version of Dexi control the robotic hand?ABy operating the compute
31、r.BBy thinking.CBy sending electrical signals to the hand.DBy speaking.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Through a special headset，the system takes electrical signals from a human brain，sends them to a computer，and then the computer tells the hand what to do.For example，to make the hand close，you see a fist in your h
32、ead.”可知，Dexi的数字版本通过特殊的头部装置，收集大脑发出的电子信号并发送给电脑，电脑“告诉”机械手要做什么。比如，为了把手握起来，你可以在你的脑海中“看到”一个拳头。由此可推知，这个版本的机械手的使用者可以通过“想”来操作机械手。答案：B11Which saying do Camerons words convey?AWell begun is half done.BThe longest journey begins with the first step.CAll things are difficult before they are easy.DNothing is impo
33、ssible to a willing heart.解析：推理判断题。最后一段谈到Cameron鼓励那些想做类似的费力的事情的年轻人：只要开始朝着它努力，一步一个脚印，坚定信念，迟早你会到达想去的地方，即实现目标。D项“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.(有志者，事竟成)”与他的话所表达的意思一致。答案：D12What is the text mainly about?ACamerons braincontrolled robotic hands.BCamerons story of success.CThe latest designs of artificial intelligence hands.DA robotic helper for the disabled.解析：主旨大意题。全文主要讲了Cameron为帮助失去手的人而设计和制造的机械手，故选A项。答案：A
