1、话题词汇1circumstance n情况；形势；环境2conservation n保存；保护3protect v保护4recycle v回收；再循环5waste v浪费6pollution n污染7take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事8run out of用完；用尽9realize the importance of environment 意识到环境的重要性10arouse peoples awareness of environmental protection提高人们的环保意识经典语篇 (2013重庆)调查显示，中国长江江豚(finless porpoise)
2、受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1 000只。假设你是李华，请用英文给WWF(世界自然保护基金组织)写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：说明写信目的简述江豚现状希望WWF如何帮助(比如：资助江豚保护项目等)表示感谢并期待回复注意：1.词数不少于80；2书信格式及开头均已给出(不计入总词数)。Dear Sir or Madam，Im a student from Chongqing，China. Yours sincerely，Li Hua佳作欣赏Dear Sir or Madam，Im a student from Chongqing，China.Today I am w
3、riting to you to ask for your help to improve the situation the finless porpoise is faced with in the Yangtze River.Because of the behavior of our human beings，the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River has been greatly influenced and will be endangered. According to the report，its total number is le
4、ss than 1,000 now. In order to prevent them from dying out，we have founded a project，but we have difficulty in running it for lack of fund.If you would like to help，you can provide it with necessary money.Besides，you can give us relevant training in protecting them.With your help，we believe we can i
5、mprove the living environment of the finless porpoise soon，thus increasing its number.If we can get you help，we will be very thankful. Were looking forward to your early reply.Yours sincerely，Li Hua思维发散1用定语从句合并第、两句As is reported，the finless porpoise in the Yangtze River，whose total number has been r
6、educed to less than 1,000，has become endangered due to human activities.2仿照第句用现在分词作结果状语完成句子More children in Beijing will reach school age next year，creating a shortage of primary school teachers in the capital.明年在北京有更多的孩子到了上学的年龄，这导致首都小学教师短缺。(2015江西南昌模拟)3用appreciate改写第句We would appreciate it if we co
7、uld get your help.重点单词A写作单词1beyond (prep.)超出2refer (v.)指，意即reference (n.)提到，谈及；参考，查询3recycle (vt.)回收利用4changeable (adj.)多变的change (v.&n.)变；改变5arm (vt.)武装6separation (n.)分离，分开separate (adj.)分开的(v.)分离，分开7means (n.)方法8politics (n.)政治(活动)political (adj.)政治的；政治上的politician (n.)政治家9calculate (vt.)计算，算出cal
8、culator (n.)计算器B阅读单词10trap (vt.)使困住(n.)陷阱，夹子11reserve (n.)保护区(v.)保护reservation (n.)保护12principle (n.)原则，道德准则13relevant (adj.)有关的14coincidence (n.)巧合15condemn (vt.)迫使(某人)陷入不幸的境地；谴责16sacrifice (vt.&vi.)牺牲；献出17advocate (vt.)主张，提倡 18substitute (n.)代替品，代用品(v.)替代19threaten (vt.)威胁threat (n.)威胁20seize (vt.
9、)依法没收；(用武力)夺取21behalf (n.)代表22construct (vt.)建造construction (n.)建造23potential (n.)可能性；潜在性24adopt (vt.)采用25considerate (adj.)想得周到的，体贴的consider (vt.)考虑consideration (n.)考虑26finance (n.)资金financial (adj.)财务的，金融的27allocate (vt.)分配28sharpen (vt.)削尖sharp (adj.)尖的29rough (adj.)艰难的30valid (adj.)有充分理由的.重点短语1
10、a number of一些2beyond ones control超出/不受的控制3look ahead展望未来4in turn依次；轮流5lead to导致；通向；引起6take action采取行动7ahead of在前面8apart from除以外9answer for(对已产生的不良后果)负责任10call for an end to sth.要求结束11or else否则，不然12wrap up包起来；席卷而去；结束13on ones behalf代表某人；代表14for good永远15carry off掠走，夺走16all in all总的来说17result in导致18ear
11、n ones living谋生19plug ones ears塞住耳朵20all the best祝一切顺利21sum up总结，概括22as a matter of fact实际上23break away from摆脱，脱离 (某种思想体系、团体、组织).经典句式1Without these naturally occurring gases，the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空去，地球将处于寒冷
12、之中，不适合生命的存在。2In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climate.在过去几十年里，科学家们已达成一致并报道说人类正改变着地球的气候3Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence
13、.鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。4The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.近几年一些环境灾难大面积地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。5There has been terrible flooding in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania.亚洲、非洲、美洲和大洋洲都发生过可怕的洪涝灾害。.课文语法填空In the last
14、 few decades，it has been reported that Earths climate is being changed and human beings will face 1.global(globe) warming.Global warming refers to 2.an average increase in the Earths temperature 3.that, in turn，leads to climate change.Over the last 100 years，the global average temperature has increa
15、sed 4.by 1 and many experts insist that the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned 5.on human activities.6.The link between human activities and 7.rising(rise) global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.8.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge 9.quanti
16、ties(quantity), we are condemning life on Earth.Governments all over the world have a 10.responsibility(responsible) to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide.1trap n.夹子；陷阱；困境；圈套；v.使困住，使陷于；使落网应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查(1)set/lay a trap for设下圈套be caught in a trapfall into a trap落入陷阱(2)be trapped in 被困在trap sb.int
17、o doing.诱骗某人做(1)She had set/laid a trap for him and he had walked straight into it.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。(2)She was trapped in the burning house at that moment.那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Were you just trying to trap her into making a mistaken decision?Her mother Donna was trapped(trap) in the destroyed b
18、uilding.Mary set a trap for Peter and he really fell into it.(2)同义句改写He was trapped in a traffic jam，so he had to be patient，waiting.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)Trapped in a traffic jam，he had to be patient，waiting.2reserve v.贮存；保留；预订；保护；n.储备；贮藏；保护区应试指导作为高级词汇替换book(1)reserve sth.for.为保留某物reserve the right to do s
19、th.保留做某事的权利(2)in reserve备用,with/without reserve有(没有)保留地(3)reservation n.预订；(权利等的)保留；保护make a reservation预订，预约(1)Firstly，an effective way，I think，is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use.首先，我认为一个有效的方法就是用科学的方法把水贮存起来以备将来使用。(2)Do you have to reserve tickets in advance?你需要提前订票吗？多维训练单句语法填空(1
20、)Frankly speaking，I have little money in reserve.(2)She told me all about it without reserve.(3)I reserve my favorable comments for my former monitor.3beyond prep.超越；超出；在(或向)较远的一边；adv.在另一边；在(或向)更远处beyond sb.为某人所不能理解；超出某人的能力beyond control/belief/doubt无法控制/无法相信/毫无疑问beyond description/words无法言传beyond o
21、nes wildest dream(s)某人做梦也没想到beyond ones power是某人所不及的beyond compare无可比拟；非常好beyond reason毫无道理(1)Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.任何司机被发现醉酒驾驶将被罚款。(2)Its beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.我无法理解她为什么要嫁给杰夫。多维训练选词填空comprehension，reach，expression，control，recognition(1)The car wa
22、s beyond control and ran into a tree.(2)I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond recognition.(3)His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension.(4)Youd better put the bottle of medicine beyond the childrens reach.(5)To be acknowledged as the first to receive this h
23、onor is beyond expression in words for me.4advocate vt.拥护；提倡，主张；n.支持者；拥护者；提倡者应试指导(1)后跟非谓语动词的考查；(2)倡议类写作高频词汇(1)It is advocated that.主张，提倡advocate doing.主张做(2)an advocate of/for支持的人(1)He was a strong advocate of free market policies and the multiparty system.他是自由市场政策和多党派制度的坚决拥护者。(2)Mr.Williams is a co
24、nservative who advocates fewer government controls on business.威廉斯先生是个保守派，主张政府应减少对商业的控制。特别提醒advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句中用虚拟语气(should) do。多维训练同义句改写(1)They advocates reducing military spending.(用it作形式主语改写)It is advocated that they should reduce military spending.(2)The tax policy was advocated by the Oppos
25、ition and was welcomed by the local people.(用过去分词短语作定语改写)The tax policy advocated by the Opposition was welcomed by the local people.5substitute v.替换(replace；take the place of)；用替换；n.代替物(品)，代用品；代替者应试指导作为高级词汇替换replace(1)a substitute for.的代替者(2)substitute A for Breplace B with/by A 用A代替B,substitute fo
26、r代替；取代)(1)Water is not a proper substitute for wine.水不是酒的适当代用品。(2)They were substituting violence for dialogue.他们在用暴力取代对话。词义辨析substitute，replace(1)这两个词的含义略有不同，substitute强调“代替，顶替”；而replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)。(2)在句型结构上，通常是：substitute A for B“用A代替B”(使用A)；replace A with/by
27、 B“用B替换A”(使用B)。多维训练(1)用substitute，replace的正确形式填空The driver replaced the wornout tires with new ones.He substituted for the teacher who was in hospital.(2)单句语法填空Can you replace the light with/by a brighter one?Theres no substitute for that watch.6threaten v.威胁；恐吓(1)threaten sb.with.用威胁某人threaten to d
28、o sth.威胁去做某事(2)threat n.威胁a threat to sb./sth.对的威胁(1)The strikers were threatened with dismissal if they didnt return to work.罢工者受到威胁说，如果它们不复工，就会被解雇。(2)David threatened to report his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.大卫恐吓说，如果不赔偿他的损失，就要把他的邻居告到警察那里。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Terrorism is a threat
29、to the whole country.He tied her up and threatened her with a sixinch knife.The boys stopped playing ball in the street because of the policemans threats to arrest(arrest) them.(2)单句改错While the killer goes free，he is a threat of everyone in the town.ofto7means n.方式；方法(way)；财富；收入(wealth)应试指导(1)by no
30、means位于句首时倒装；(2)by all means交际用语的用法by means of用办法；借助by no means绝不，一点也不by all means当然可以by any means无论如何 (1)Scientists are working to devise a means of storing this type of power.科学家们正在为发明一种能储存这种动力的方法而工作。(2)Furthermore，punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physicall
31、y.而且，惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择。(3)Can I see it?By all means.我可以看看吗？当然可以。特别提醒(1)means作主语且有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。(2)by no means放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。多维训练(1)短语填空by means of，by no means，by all means，by any, meansHe insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means
32、.He succeeded by means of perseverance.May I borrow your bicycle?By all means.She is by no means an inexperienced teacher.(2)同义句改写By no means is she an inexperienced teacher.(把上题句改为倒装句)8adopt vt.收养；领养；采用；采纳应试指导非谓语动词作定语或状语的考查(1)adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策(2)adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的；
33、移居的an adopted son养子(3)adoptive adj.(通常作定语)收养的；有收养关系的(4)adapt vt.使适应；改造/编(1)Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive approach to the environment.应帮助学生对环境采取积极的态度。(2)He couldnt adapt his way of life to the company.他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。多维训练(1)用adopt，adapt的正确形式填空The young couple had no children of their ow
34、n and adopted an orphan.After a few months，the child came to adapt to his new life.(2)单句语法填空Having adopted(adopt) a new method，they worked more efficiently.They treated their adopted(adopt) son as their own son.9a number of一些；许多；大量(后接可数名词的复数形式，动词用复数)表示“许多；大量”的词语可分为以下几类：可数名词复数 不可数名词可数名词复数或不可数名词单数可数名词
35、单数谓语动词(1)I gave away a great number of books to the children there.我向那儿的孩子捐献了许多书。(2)Large quantities of food and vegetables are sent to southern China where people have been suffering from snow storms since midJanuary.大量的食物和蔬菜被送往中国南方，那里人们从一月中旬就一直遭受暴风雪。特别提醒(1)a number of名词作主语，谓语动词用复数，表示“许多；大量”。(2)the
36、 number of名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，表示“的数量”。(3)large quantities of名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。(4) large amounts of不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。多维训练(1)单句语法填空Large quantities of land in the area have been reserved(reserve) for national parks these years，which are(be) now home to bears，wolves，and other wild animals.The number of books stol
37、en from the library is (be) large.A large number of books have been stolen(steal) from the library so far.(2)单句改错More than one doctor were involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake.werewasA large amount of people have known about it，so it is no secret at all.amountnumber10refer to查
38、阅；参考(consult)；提到(mention)；指的是(mean)；关系到(be connected to)应试指导非谓语动词句法功能的考查(1)refer.to.把提交给；让参考refer to.as.把称为(2)reference n.提及；涉及；参考；参考书,in/with reference to关于for reference以备查阅(1)In his speech，he referred to a recent trip to Canada.他在演讲中提到了前不久的加拿大之行。(2)Our economy is referred to as a free market.我们的经济
39、被称作自由市场经济。(3)In reference to your question about cost，the tickets for the film are 35 yuan each.关于你咨询的费用问题，这部电影的票价是每张35元。(4)The result of the research is for reference only.这个研究结果仅供参考。多维训练(1)用refer的正确形式填空Complete the exercises without referring to a dictionary.The book referred to last time has been
40、 sold out.There is no direct reference to her own childhood in the novel.(2)单句改错The book he referred to being interesting.beingisThe question referred at the meeting is hard to answer.referred后加to11all in all总而言之，总的来说多词一义all in all，in short，in conclusion，to conclude，in a word，in briefabove all最重要的是a
41、t all根本；全然in all总共after all毕竟；终究；到底(1)All in all，you cannot be satisfied enough to get it.总而言之，买到它你是再满意不过了。(2)So you made it after all!你毕竟成功了！多维训练用all的短语填空(1)Children need many things；above all，they need love from their parents.(2)In all,24 people were found guilty.(3)What is personal development af
42、ter all?(4)There was only one who did not look at all unhappy.12relevant adj.重要的；有关的；相关的；切题的多维训练单句语法填空(1)What you said has no relevance(relevant) to the subject.(2)It was not until I completed the form that I realized that half the questions were not relevant to me.13coincidence n.巧合；同时发生；一致多维训练(1)I
43、t was simply one of those things，pure coincidence.这是没办法的事，纯属巧合。(2)By coincidence I will go too.Lets go together.碰巧我也去，咱们一同走吧。(3)It is a coincidence that he was born on his mothers birthday.他在他母亲生日那天出生，真是巧事。14condemn v.谴责，指责；宣判，判处；迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地多维训练单句语法填空(1)They were condemned to a life of hardship.(2
44、)We condemned him for his bad behavior.(3)If you dont learn from the past，you are condemned(condemn) to repeat its mistakes.15sacrifice vt.，vi.牺牲；献出；n.牺牲多维训练(1)He sacrificed a promising career to look after his handicapped daughter.他为了照顾残疾女儿牺牲了有前途的事业。(2)Its not worth sacrificing your health for weal
45、th.你为财富牺牲健康是不值得的。(3)He saved the child at the sacrifice of/sacrificing his life.他为了救那个孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。16rough adj.艰难的多维训练单句语法填空(1)The boss was rough on him，which made him angry.(2)Your hand was rough but strong and warm.(3)There are roughly(rough) half a million people in the city.17considerate adj.想得周到
46、的，体贴的多维训练(1)用consider的正确形式填空What a pity！Considering his ability and experience，he might have done better.Ive always understood one should try to be considerate of other people.He said there should be careful consideration of the future role of the BBC.Everything taken into consideration，its practica
47、l.(2)同义句改写If you take all things into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.All things considered，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用独立主格结构改写)With all things taken into consideration，you will find that governments would want to ban drugs.(用with复合结
48、构改写)18allocate vt.分配，配给；把拨给多维训练(1)The manager allocates duties to the clerks.经理为职员分配工作。(2)They will allocate fund for housing.他们将拨出建房经费。19in turn依次；轮流；相应地)多维训练(1)用in turn，in return填空Increased production will，in turn，lead to increased profits.Can I invite you to dinner in return for your kind help?(2
49、)同义句改写They took turns to drive the car.(用turn短语改写)They drove the car by turns.20lead to引起，导致；造成(后果)(result in)；通往(go in a particular direction)多维训练(1)根据提示语填空With him leading the way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.But for him，we would have been lost，which would lead to(导致) serious consequenc
50、es.His action led us to believe(使我们相信) that he was our true friend.(2)一句多译这个政策将给这个地区带来更大的不稳定(instability)。This policy will lead to greater instability in the region.(lead)This policy will result in greater instability in the region.(result)This policy will contribute to greater instability in the re
51、gion.(contribute)This policy will give rise to greater instability in the region.(rise)21as a matter of fact实际上多维训练(1)单句语法填空As a matter of fact，Ive never been there before.In fact，I dont know the truth.(2)单句改错He appears to be strong，but，in a matter of fact，he suffers a weak heart.inas22break away fr
52、om摆脱，脱离(某种思想体系、团体、组织)；打破(陈套)多维训练(1)单句语法填空I was still sleeping when the fire broke out，and then it spread quickly.Her health broke down under the pressure of work.My girlfriend had broken up with me.Robbers broke in and made off with 8,000.Protesters tried to break through a police cordon(警戒线)(2)单句改错
53、Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have broken in.So am IThey seemed very happy together when I last saw them.inup23Without these naturally occurring gases，the suns rays would bounce back into space leaving the Earth cold and impossible to live on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光将会被反射回太空中去，地球将处于寒冷之中，不适合生命的存在。句
54、型公式：without引导的含蓄条件句介词短语Without these naturally occurring gases代替虚拟条件句，用来表达虚拟的事实。有时表假设的情况隐含在一些词或短语中(如otherwise，but for，or等)。(1)Without the air to hold some of the suns heat，the earth at night would be freezing cold，too cold for us to live on.如果没有大气保持太阳的热量，夜晚的地球将会非常寒冷，冷得让我们无法生存。(2)He was busy yesterda
55、y，or he would have helped you with your experiment.昨天很忙，要不然他就会帮助你做实验的。多维训练同义句改写I couldnt have finished the work so soon without your help.(1)I couldnt have finished the work so soon if you hadnt helped me.(用if从句改写)(2)I couldnt have finished the work so soon if it hadnt been for your help.(用if it had
56、 not been for改写)(3)I couldnt have finished the work so soon but for your help.(用but for改写)24The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.在过去的几年里，人们已经经历了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将来临。句型公式：时间作主语，谓语动词see表示“经历，目睹”see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年
57、代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。与see用法相同的动词有find，witness，say，experience等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。(1)The following year saw the death of her parents.第二年她的父母去世了。(2)China has witnessed sound development in its economy.目前中国的经济发展态势良好。多维训练(1)用see的正确形式填空Next year will see the century o
58、f Verdis death.Our hometown has seen great changes since the reform and openingup policies started.The year 1949 saw the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China.(2)The National Day of 2015 witnessed so many traffic jams on the expressway.2015年的国庆节见证了高速路上大量的拥堵事件。单句语法填空 (1)Your work must be finish
59、ed (finish) by tomorrow.(2)I was made to copy (copy) ten pages of the book.(3)The film is worthy to be seen/of being seen (see)(4)He said he would go (go) to Beijing the next day.(5)He begged his father not to give(give) the puppy away.(6)He offered to lend(lend) me some books.语境填词1One day，armed(配备)
60、 with a basket of vegetables，he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜)(2015四川)2For Internet universities，exams and diplomas will be valid(有效的) if they can defeat academic cheating.(2013广东)3While wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces，roads with smooth surfaces werent going to be constructed(建造) unt
61、il there was plenty of demand for them.(2013重庆)4Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice(牺牲) their lives to help defeat an enemy.(2015安徽)5Always get rid of your rubbish properly and recycle(回收利用) waste(e.g.glass，paper) whe
62、re possible.(2015江苏).单句语法填空1The author writes the passage mainly to advocate teaching(teach) literature to touch the heart.(2012江苏)2According to him，the weather in England is very changeable(change) and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.(2013重庆)3For disabled people，“adopt
63、ing(adopt) a wheelchair” is not a temporary experiment.(2013新课标全国)4It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike.(2012新课标全国)5They can also make people feel trapped(trap) and forced to answer unwanted calls or reply to unwanted texts.(2012江苏)6I dont think what he said is relevan
64、t to the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.(2015湖北)7Projects include monitoring wildlife，path building and water and soil conservation(conserve)(2014广东)8One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly(rough) 10 jackscrews.(2015湖南)9It was considerate of Michael to inform us of h
65、is delay in case we got worried.(2015福建)10The separation(separate) between us has proved to be a blessing for me.(2014天津).短语填空a number of，in turn，lead to，ahead of，apart from，on behalf of，result in，as a matter of fact1I wouldnt scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldnt expe
66、ct anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.(2015福建)2The thing is，a number of them have admitted that despite their success，they arent happy.(2015浙江)3Apart from an occasional noise from the elephants stomach，the forest was silent.(2014重庆)4The pony responsible was queuing up for some ic
67、e cream in the car park near Haytor，and perhaps thought Id jumped in ahead of him.(2015湖北)5A lifetime of regular transfusions can lead to serious medical problems.(2014福建)6Once，I took part in a national hostess speaking contest on behalf of our school and won the first place.(2015陕西)7Theres no reaso
68、n to be disappointed.As a matter of fact，this could be rather amusing.(2014浙江)8The US.Environmental Protection Agency notes that most waste is dangerous in that “the production，distribution，and use of productsas well as management of the resulting wasteall result in greenhouse gas release.”(2015江苏).
69、完成句子1The snow lasted a week，resulting in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.雪下了一个星期，造成了整个地区严重的交通混乱。2Given their inexperience，theyve done their best.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经尽力了。3In the last few years，China has made great achievements in environmental protection.在最近的几年里，中国在环境保护方面已经取得了巨大的成就。(2015北京)4T
70、he city has witnessed many changes in the last five years.这座城市见证了最近五年的许多变化。5There has been a general falling in ticket sales，especially among smaller clubs.门票销售已普遍下降，尤其是在小俱乐部中间。(2011江西)写作素材 (关于自然灾害问题)1这个地区经常遭受干旱，干旱导致了贫困。2解决干旱问题对这个地区的人们非常重要。3经过顾问们的仔细考虑，人们采纳了将此灌溉工程建设在山区的建议。4将此工程建在山区除了可以解决干旱问题外，对于生态环境的
71、保护也能起一定的作用。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用which引导的定语从句，that引导的同位语从句。连句成篇 (将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)The area often suffered from drought，which resulted in poverty.Its very important for people in this area to solve the problem.After careful consideration of the consultants，people adopted the suggestion that this ir
72、rigation project be constructed in the mountainous area.In this way，apart from solving the drought problem，it could play a part in protecting the ecological environment.阅读理解A(建议用时8)The African elephant，the largest land animal remaining on earth，is of great importance to African ecosystem.Unlike othe
73、r animals，the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment.As a big planteater，it largely shapes the forest and savanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives，therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.It is the elephants grea
74、t desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day，it kills small trees and underbushes，and pulls branches off big trees.This results in numerous open spaces in both deep
75、tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state，the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight an
76、d prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants，elephants make open spaces，allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations，the forests become suitable for large hoofed planteaters to move around and for small planteaters to get their food
77、 as well.What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears，scientists say，many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna，greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.1What is the passage mainly abo
78、ut?ADisappearance of African elephants.BForests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.CThe effect of African elephants search for food.DThe eating habit of African elephants.答案C解析主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用。它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其它动物的生存空间。故C正确。2What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms”
79、most probably mean?AFixing the time.BWorsening the state.CImproving the quality.DDeciding the conditions.答案D解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“As a big planteater，it largely shapes the forest and savanna(大草原) surroundings in which it lives，therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that liv
80、e in its habitat.”可知非洲大象塑造了草原的环境，也决定了其它动物的生存条件。故D项正确。3What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?AThey result from the destruction of rain forests.BThey provide food mainly for African elephants.CThey are home to many endangered animals.DThey are attractive to planteating animals of differ
81、ent kinds.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other planteaters.”可知开放的空间对于其它的食草动物也很重要。故D项正确。4T
82、he passage is developed mainly by .Ashowing the effect and then explaining the causesBpointing out similarities and differencesCdescribing the changes in space orderDgiving examples答案A解析推理判断题。本文先描述大象的行为带来的具体影响再分析产生这些影响的原因。故A正确。B(建议用时7)Strange BabyNaming LawsGermanyParents are banned by law from usin
83、g last names and the names of objects and products as first names.A childs first name must clearly indicate his or her sex，and all names must be approved by the office of vital statistics(人口统计) in the area in which the child was born.IcelandThe countrys naming committee consults the National Registe
84、r of Persons to determine if a name is acceptable.If parents prefer a name which is not on the list，they must apply for approval and pay a fee，and the name must contain only letters in the Icelandic alphabet.New ZealandThe countrys Births，Deaths，and Marriages Registration Act of 1995 doesnt allow pa
85、rents to choose a name that “might cause offense to a reasonable person；is unreasonably long；or is，includes，or is similar to an official title or rank，” including，apparently，Adolf Hitler and Yeah Detroitboth names recently rejected.DenmarkIf Danish parents prefer a name not on the list of 7,000 prea
86、pproved baby names，they must get permission from local church and government officials.15 to 20 percent of the 1,100 reviewed namesincluding creative spellings of common names，last names as first names，and unusual namesare rejected each year.5You can tell whether a baby is a girl or a boy according
87、to the first name in .AGermany BNew ZealandCIceland DDenmark答案A解析细节理解题。根据Germany中第二句“A childs first name must clearly indicate his or her sex.”可知A正确。6In Iceland，the names should .Abe on the name list without exceptionBbe paid a large amount of money forCcontain only letters in the Roman alphabetDbe
88、accepted by the National Register of Persons答案D解析细节理解题。根据Iceland部分的第一句“The countrys naming committee consults the National Register of Persons to determine if a name is acceptable.”可知B正确。7In New Zealand the naming law .Aused to forbid the use of the name of Adolf HitlerBallows names similar to an of
89、ficial title or rankCis considerate as to how other people feel about the namesDdoesnt allow using last names as first names答案C解析细节理解题。根据New Zealand部分的第一句“The countrys Births，Deaths，and Marriages Registration Act of 1995 doesnt allow parents to choose a name that might cause offense to a reasonable
90、person.”可知C正确。8It can be learned from the text that .Aeach year about 160220 reviewed names are rejected in Denmark Bbabies names should be allowed by the office of vital statistics in Iceland CAdolf Hitler is a name that is banned in all the European countriesDparents must give up babies names if t
91、he names are not on the list in Ireland答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句计算可知A正确。.完形填空(建议用时17)Lauren Singer has produced almost no waste in the past two years.It proves that a wastefree 9 is possible.Lauren studied environmental science at NYU，and it was during her student years that she began working towards a
92、zerowaste 10 .Today，she has learned to 11 all of her own everyday ecofriendly products，such as toothpaste，shampoo，kitchen cleaner and the like.She also 12 her own ecofriendly company，“The Simple Co”，through which she plans to 13 her homemade products.Lauren regularly writes about her 14 of a zerowas
93、te life on her blog.She 15 that the past two years havent been 16 .“I stopped buying 17 products and began 18 my own bags and jars to fill with products at the 19 .” she explained，“I stopped buying 20 clothes and shopped only second hand.I said no to plastic or paper bags at stores”Although the jour
94、ney has been 21 ，her zerowaste life has been well worth the 22 .She says that she now 23 a lot of money simply because she is 24 when she goes shopping and does not buy things blindly.She also eats healthy food because she 25 fresh organic(有机的) fruits and vegetables instead of packaged foods.The gir
95、l has become a(n) 26 to many.Shes giving 27 in schools and colleges and also conducting more and more 28 about her zerowaste lifestyle on TV and the radio worldwide.9A.deal BlifestyleCsystem Dactivity答案B解析根据下文看，劳伦过的是环保的生活方式，而且证明这种环保的生活方式是可能的。10A.job BgameCgoal Dcompetition答案C解析从大学时劳伦就开始了零污染的目标(goal)
96、。job工作；game游戏，比赛；competition竞争，均不符合上下文语境。11A.collect BmakeCavoid Dmend答案B解析从下文的homemade可知，劳伦的那些环境友好型的产品都是自己制造的。12A.expanded BdecoratedCrenewed Dfounded答案D解析她还建立了(found)自己的环境友好型的公司。13A.sell BcheckCclassify Dimprove答案A解析她打算通过这个公司出售(sell)自己制造的产品。14A.products BdifficultiesCexperiences Dambitions答案C解析根据下
97、文看，劳伦介绍的是自己的零污染的环保生活经历(experience)。15A.admits BcomplainsCargues Dregrets答案A解析她承认(admit)，过去的两年自己的环保生活方式不容易。16A.different BfairCsuccessful Deasy答案D解析根据下文的叙述可知，她的零污染的生活方式确实不容易(easy)。17A.packaged BparticularCfresh Drecycled答案A解析根据下文自己带包去超市购物看，劳伦购物时不买带包装的(packaged)产品。18A.emptying BpurchasingCpossessing D
98、bringing答案D解析而是自己带(bring)购物用的袋子。19A.house BrestaurantCsupermarket Doffice答案C解析购物应去超市(supermarket)。20A.pretty BnewCexpensive Dbeautiful答案B解析由下文的“shopped only second hand”可知劳伦不买新(new)衣服。21A.long BpopularChard Ddangerous答案C解析根据上下文看，这样做是困难的(hard)。22A.effort BrewardCrespect Dpraise答案A解析但是这样做也是值得的，be well
99、 worth the effort意为“作出的努力是非常值得的”。23A.lacks BlendsCborrows Dsaves答案D解析购物时有备而来而不是盲目购物当然会省(save)很多钱。24A.hurried BpreparedCexcited Dfrightened答案B解析be prepared做好准备，准备好，符合语境。25A.stores BchoosesCharvests Dserves答案B解析她吃的健康是因为她选择(choose)有机水果和蔬菜而不是加工食品。26A.companion BmanagerChonour Dinspiration答案D解析根据下文劳伦到各个学
100、校做演讲，在广播电视上做采访看，劳伦的行为激励了很多人，故选inspiration。27A.sighs BsmilesCtalks Dpresents答案C解析劳伦在各种学校做演讲(give talks)。28A.interviews BcontestsCexperiments Dceremonies答案A解析还在全世界范围内在广播电视上做采访(interview)节目来宣传她的环保理念。.语法填空(建议用时10)What is the most popular communication tool today？29.If your answer is QQ or MSN，I must say
101、 youre a bit oldfashioned.Today，a new form of communication “WeChat”，which 30.owns(own) a Chinese name Weixin，is becoming the most influential text and voicing tool all over the world.What advantages do WeChat have？First，WeChat is 31.a relatively cheap way of communication；that is to say，it uses net
102、work traffic instead of telephone fare.Next，we can know 32.what is going on at any time.And we can have 33.easier(easy) access to information available than other messaging tools.What roles does it play 34.in our daily life？According to the latest report，the registered users on WeChat platform have
103、topped 200 million and WeChat has expanded its business to overseas market.Can you imagine that a mobile phone app is so 35.appealing(appeal) that it reaches 200 million users within 8 months？WeChat itself has become the most popular mobile chat application in the world.A large 36.number of people have become “WeChataholic”，which means they keep staring at the mobile phone all the time and cant live without 37.it.However，while enjoying its great convenience，people should not ignore the danger of 38.being cheated(cheat)，for information on Wechat is publicly known.
