1、定语从句 Attributive Clause定语从句安庆市外国语学校 王庆安1.定语从句：2.先行词：3.关系词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：Who,whom,whose,which,that等When,where,why关系词This is the best film that I have seen.定语从句the best film 先行词that关系词This is the best film that I have seen.关系词引导定语从句代替先行词在从句中担当一个成分关系词的作用1）2）3
2、）1.the usage of the relative pronoun关系代词指代定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhose 判断下列引导词在句中的用法Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie.2.He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from.3.A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words.4.This is the film whic
3、h I like best.5.The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.指代、所作成分、是否可省略2.the usage of the relative adverb关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhy时间地点原因状语状语状语关系副词when,where,why的用法1.Do you still remember the day when we went to visit the museum together?Do you still remember the day on which we
4、went to visit the museum together?2.This is the factory where my father once worked.This is the factory in which my father once worked.3.This is the reason why he was late.This is the reason for which he was late.Summarize:在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which
5、;Why=for/+whichPractice:1.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that the reason_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taught physics ten years ago.A.where B.that C.which D.what 3.Do you still remember the day _ I first came to Beiji
6、ng?A.which B.that C.when D.where AAC请比较以下句子：1.This is the park that we visited last year.(从句意思不完整需要加宾语)This is the park where we held a birthday party.（从句完整，只需加上特定的关系副词）2.Thats the date that she wont forget for ever.Thats the date when we went to the college.3.I like the time that we had together.I
7、like the time when we lived together.主要看：从句意思是否完整；完整（不缺主，宾，表，定）的话需用关系副词，若意思不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。易混例题1.May the fourth is the day we Chinese people will never forget.2.October 1,1949 is the day the Peoples Republic of China was founded.A.which B.when C.on that D.about whichAB解析：第一句选用关系代词作宾语；第二句选用关系副词作状语类别
8、意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词/整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that 无that Revision 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略 Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.Revision
9、 2 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（隐含意思：或许不止一个哥哥）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is Harry Potter.The book,which I bought yesterday,is Harry Potter.有有thatthat，作，作宾语宾语时可以省略时可以省略无无that,that,作宾语时不可以省略作宾语时不可以省略，我昨天买的那本书是 哈里.波特那本书是哈里.波特，它是我昨天买的。考点1：只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况2)先行词被序数词或
10、形容词最高级所修饰时。3）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。1)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.4）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。5）先行词既指人又指物时。6）若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用 who,which，而用 that。关系代词必须用that的情形：Eg：1.Is there anything that I can do for you?2.This
11、is the best film that I have ever seen.3.The first man that arrived at the class was our headteacher.4.This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.5.The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.6.Which was the hotel that was recommended to you?考点2:介词+关
12、系代词提醒:介词关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom;不可用that 或who 代替1.The man is from Beijing University.2.I talked about him at the meeting.Join them into one sentence.=The man(who/whom/that)I talked to at the meeting is fr
13、om Beijing University.=The man about I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.关系代词紧跟在介词后面时，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。whom但遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置Is this the book(which/that)you arelooking for?考点3 Whose 用法及转换形式1.whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。Thats the child whose fathe
14、r is a teacher.Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor?This is a book whose cover is green.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。3.whose的先行词指物时,可用of which代替即whose+名词=the+n+of which =of which+the+n.He lives in the room whose windowfaces south.=He lives in the room,faces south.=He lives in the room,f
15、aces south.the window of which of which the window 考点4:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty2.Don t choose me,who _not fit for this jobisam解题思路与步骤:提示：定语从句的考察通常就是让考生选择适当的关系词来引导定语从句。1.首先判断定语从句在复合句中的位置。2.分析句子成分。如果缺少主，宾，表，定，则填关系代词；若句子已相对完整则填关系副词。3.仔细观察先行词以及先行词之前
16、的成分，并考虑是否有特殊情况。确定正确的关系词来填空。1.Is this factory _ we visited last week?DIs this the factory _ we visited last Week?A、where B、thatC、to which D、the oneB解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。Exercises2.Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA先行词是situation,case,scene，a
17、ctivity等抽象地点时，关系副词一般用where3.She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、when B、whatC、which D、whyCShe will never forget the day_ she stayed with him in Beijing.A4.The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、who B、whoseC、of whom D、whichB5.Those _ to take part in the game write down you
18、r names.A、who B、who wantC、who wants D、whatB6.I dont like English,_ grammar I am not interested.I dont like English,_ is difficult to learn.I like this house,_ doorway is small.A.in which B.which C.through whose D.whoseABD7.I，_ your good friend,will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、wh
19、at am D、who am D8.Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、which B、thatC、what D、asB9.His walking stick,_ he cant walk,was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD10.The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _ we couldnt solve.The teacher gave us so difficult a problem _
20、 we couldnt solve it.A.as B.that C.which D.the onesABso.that 后面跟的是一个结果状语从句11._is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A.Which B.As C.What D.ThatB12.Ill tell you _ he told me last night.A.all which B.all what C.that all D.all D13.How do you like the book?Its
21、quite different from _ I read last month.A.that B.which C.the one D.the one whatC14.There are three libraries in our school,_ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC15.I bought some books from the bookstore,five _were English novels.A.of which B.whichC.th
22、at D.in whichA名词/代词/数词+of+which/whom引导非限定性定语从句16.Here are players from Japan,some of _ are our old friends.Here are some players from Japan and some of _ are our old friends.A.which B.that C.whom D.them非限制性定语从句并列句CD17The school shop,_customers are mainly students,is closed for the holidays.AwhichBwhoseCwhen DwhereBv 18(2011天津高考)The days are gone_ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.Awhen BthatCwhere DwhichA
