1、岳西中学 胡晓东IF ALL WERE ONEIf all the apple trees were one tree,what a big tree it would be.If all the apples were one apple,what a big apple it would be.If the big apple fell off the big tree and hit Newton2,what a great pain it would be.虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、空想等。The Subjunctive Mood 虚
2、拟语气用于条件句条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。1.真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句和结果从句皆用直陈语气。如：(1).If I have enough money,I will buy a computer.假若我有钱，我就买台电脑。(2).If they keep on stealing,they will reap what they sow.如果他们继续偷窃，必将自食其果。(3).If you have not finished with that book,you can keep it for one more day.如果那本书你还没读完，你可以再看
3、一天。2.非真实条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句和结果从句皆需用虚拟语气。用在if 引导的非真实条件句中虚拟语气动词的过去式（动词be通常用were)should,would,might,could（not)动词原形现在过去had+过去分词should,would,might,could(not)have+过去分词将来动词过去式were to+动词原形should+动词原形should,would,might,could(not)动词原形12345If I were the headmaster.If I were the headmaster If I we
4、re the headmaster,I would not allow students throw litter about.If I were the headmaster,I would persuade students not to fall in love.If I were the headmaster,I would punish students who smoke.If I were the headmaster,I would advise students not to put cups on the desk.If I were the headmaster,I wo
5、uld forbid students to speak in class.If he_ (drive)more carefully,he(have)the car accident yesterday.had drivenwould not have hadIf I _time last night,I _ to see the film with you.had hadwould have goneIf I how to swim,I _ trapped in this island.had learntwould not have beenWhat would you do if you
6、 won the lottery?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I won the lottery,I would buy a villa.If I were to win the lottery,I would build a hope primary school.If I should win the lottery,I would travel around the world.如果上天(God)能够给我一个再来一次的机（another chance），我会对那个女孩子说：我爱你。如果非要(have to)在这份爱上加上一个期限（add a time l
7、imit to the love），我希望是一万年 If God were to give me another chance,I wouldsay to that girl，“I love you”.If I had to add a time limit to the love，I hope it would be 10000 years.思考：1、条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致2、条件从句中省略if的情况 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。If the weather h
8、ad been finer,the crops would begrowing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.If you studied hard,you wouldnt regret tomorrow.例句中从句与现在事实相反,主句与过去事实相反If I were you,I
9、 would not have accepted his invitation.NOTESNOTES省略if倒装句在条件句中，可省略 if，把were,had,should 提到句首，变为倒装句式If I were at school again,I would study harder.Were I at school again,I would study harder.If you had come earlier,you would have met him.Had you come earlier,you would have met him.If it should rain to
10、morrow,we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow,we would not go climbing.1.If you had gone to HeFei,you would have missed the party.2.If it were sunny tomorrow,I would come to see you.3.If I had known everything,I wouldnt behere.=Had you gone to HeFei,you would have met him.=Were it sunny tomorrow,I would come to see you.=Had I known everything,I wouldnt be hereIf I _a teacher,I.were
